scholarly journals BA2P : Bidirectional and Anonymous Auction Protocol with Dispute-Freeness

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ke Huang ◽  
Yi Mu ◽  
Fatemeh Rezaeibagha ◽  
Zheyuan He ◽  
Xiaosong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Task Assignment ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Ring Signature ◽  
Broad Domain ◽  
Electronic Auction ◽  
The One ◽  
Public Verification ◽  
Chameleon Hash ◽  
Provably Secure

Electronic auction is a popular platform to sell goods, task assignment, and resources’ allocation due to reductions of transaction costs and has attracted a huge number of potential buyers. However, it is challenging to address the disputes between the buyer and the auctioneer. The main reason is, on the one hand, solving such problem leverages to the broad domain of research aspects, such as economic theory, engineering, and cryptography, and, on the other hand, it is difficult to arbitrate in a decentralized and anonymous setting. In this work, we consider a more general framework to solve the potential disputes by enforcing bidirectional confirmation and public verification. Hence, the bidding procedure is clear to inspect and potential disputes can be erased. To achieve this goal, we propose policy-driven chameleon hash and revised linkable-and-redactable ring signature as building blocks. We used these two tools to build a bidirectional and anonymous auction protocol called BA 2 P. In our BA 2 P protocol, the bidders can competitively and anonymously place their bids to outbid others. At the end of the auction protocol, everyone can verify the validity of the bidding proof and decide the winner. Thus, dispute-freeness feature is achieved. The analysis suggests that our proposal is provably secure and practically efficient, and it trades some efficiencies with dispute-freeness feature.

scholarly journals A novel approach to the computation of one-loop three- and four-point functions: I. The real mass case

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ph Guillet ◽  
E Pilon ◽  
Y Shimizu ◽  
M S Zidi
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Real ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Real Mass ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Algebraic Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Mass Case

Abstract This article is the first of a series of three presenting an alternative method of computing the one-loop scalar integrals. This novel method enjoys a couple of interesting features as compared with the method closely following ’t Hooft and Veltman adopted previously. It directly proceeds in terms of the quantities driving algebraic reduction methods. It applies to the three-point functions and, in a similar way, to the four-point functions. It also extends to complex masses without much complication. Lastly, it extends to kinematics more general than that of the physical, e.g., collider processes relevant at one loop. This last feature may be useful when considering the application of this method beyond one loop using generalized one-loop integrals as building blocks.

scholarly journals A systematic design approach for objectifying Building with Nature solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Mindert De Vries ◽  
Mark Van Koningsveld ◽  
Stefan Aarninkhof ◽  
Huib De Vriend
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
The Social ◽  
Building With Nature ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Hydraulic Infrastructure ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
The One

Hydraulic engineering infrastructure is supposed to keep functioning for many years and is likely to interfere with both the natural and the social environment at various scales. Due to its long life-cycle, hydraulic infrastructure is bound to face changing environmental conditions as well as changes in societal views on acceptable solutions. This implies that sustainability and adaptability are/should be important attributes of the design, the development and operation of hydraulic engineering infrastructure. Sustainability and adaptability are central to the Building with Nature (BwN) approach. Although nature-based design philosophies, such as BwN, have found broad support, a key issue that inhibits a wider mainstream implementation is the lack of a method to objectify BwN concepts. With objectifying, we mean turning the implicit into an explicit engineerable ‘object’, on the one hand, and specifying clear design ‘objectives’, on the other. This paper proposes the “Frame of Reference” approach as a method to systematically transform BwN concepts into functionally specified engineering designs. It aids the rationalisation of BwN concepts and facilitates the transfer of crucial information between project development phases, which benefits the uptake, acceptance and eventually the successful realisation of BwN solutions. It includes an iterative approach that is well suited for assessing status changes of naturally dynamic living building blocks of BwN solutions. The applicability of the approach is shown for a case that has been realised in the Netherlands. Although the example is Dutch, the method, as such, is generically applicable.

scholarly journals THE ONE WHO MADE THE LOCK ALSO MADE THE KEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (45) ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
James Martel
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Hobbes ◽  
State Power ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Human Community ◽  
The One ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

In this essay, I look at the way that Thomas Hobbes offers not only the building blocks for state power and sovereignty (as he is so famous for doing) but also a basis by which to resist those very things. Even as Hobbes constructs a vast and awe inspiring network of sovereign forms of authority, he shows how those forms are produced, in a sense, out of thin air. Hobbes’ understanding of language as a series of decisions that are made in ways that render the sovereign’s own decision derivative, as well as his understanding of theology as offering us a vision of a human community who must collectively decide on things in the absence of God’s ongoing instruction both serve to undermine and expose the emptiness of sovereign pronouncements. In this way, Hobbes can be read as a radical theorist and a theorist of resisting the very encryption that he is at the same time responsible for theorizing and producing.

Drawing with Performance Prediction

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Schwenn ◽  
George Hazen
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Programming Environment ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Surface Stability ◽  
Performance Constraints ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One

We describe some advances in Performance Prediction Programs - "PPP"1 for sailing yachts2 - primarily integrating PPP analysis into drawing and providing new sculpting operations in which fairness and desired hydrostatic and on her performance determining characteristics are maintained - the shape remains a boat or a ship of the desired kind during reshaping. Our building blocks for such an integration are: a thousand-fold increase in PPP speed3, new editing tools which maintain Boatness4 , and an accessible modularization of the engineering physics of the PPP within a new programming environment which allows immediate changes by designers. Specifically, these new functions are introduced at the boundary of Drawing and the PPP: - A live knotmeter is displayed with each design variant on the drawing boar, - alongside it's antagonist - Rating. - Continuously updated hydrotatics (including the speed determining factors LSM, wetted surface, stability, prismatics, .. ) are displayed with the knotometer, with the 'positive' factors (like length) graphically opposing the 'negative' (like wetted surface.) Dimensions for PPP use are calculated automatically from the shape at hand - in particular: appendage dimensions, hydrostatics, and so forth. - Bounding limits are set for a design optimization by drawing two or more outlier yacht forms. The space in between can be explored by hand or automatically. - Local optimums of Speed against rating are provided as a 'Snap' function. This is the one dimensional version of automatic exploration for optima. - Intermediate shapes are also controlled during design optimization to maintain realism and performance constraints on type, fairness, 'look', speed producing shape measures like prismatic and displacement etc., and even handicap. - Immediate feedback is available if one chooses to exploit the new programming environment to make aero hydro model changes or extensions to the internal PPP mechanisms while drawing and exploring.

The State of People and Knowledge in the GCC Countries per a New Index and the Future Ahead

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-74
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Alfantookh ◽  
Saad Haj Bakry
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Oil Resources ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
Core Issues

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with their rich oil resources, are facing the problem of fallen oil prices on the one hand, and reduced oil reserves on the other. As a result, they are moving toward less dependence on oil, and increasing dependence on people and knowledge. This paper develops a wide scope “people and knowledge index (PKI)” using relevant international indicators made available by various international organizations. The index includes “ten building blocks.” Four of these blocks are concerned with the “core issues” of people and knowledge; while the other six blocks are related to the “environment issues” according to which people and knowledge interact. The paper assesses the GCC countries according to the index revealing their strengths and weaknesses, and enabling the derivation of guidelines for their future development. The resulting guidelines consider how the GCC countries can direct their future development toward a high and growing standard of living, while reducing dependence on oil. Finally, the future use of the new index is highlighted.

scholarly journals Investigation of Malic Acid Production in Aspergillus oryzae under Nitrogen Starvation Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (19) ◽  
pp. 6050-6058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Knuf ◽  
Intawat Nookaew ◽  
Stephen H. Brown ◽  
Michael McCulloch ◽  
Alan Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTMalic acid has great potential for replacing petrochemical building blocks in the future. For this application, high yields, rates, and titers are essential in order to sustain a viable biotechnological production process. Natural high-capacity malic acid producers like the malic acid producerAspergillus flavushave so far been disqualified because of special growth requirements or the production of mycotoxins. AsA. oryzaeis a very close relative or even an ecotype ofA. flavus, it is likely that its high malic acid production capabilities with a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) status may be combined with already existing large-scale fermentation experience. In order to verify the malic acid production potential, two wild-type strains, NRRL3485 and NRRL3488, were compared in shake flasks. As NRRL3488 showed a volumetric production rate twice as high as that of NRRL3485, this strain was selected for further investigation of the influence of two different nitrogen sources on malic acid secretion. The cultivation in lab-scale fermentors resulted in a higher final titer, 30.27 ± 1.05 g liter−1, using peptone than the one of 22.27 ± 0.46 g liter−1obtained when ammonium was used. Through transcriptome analysis, a binding site similar to the one of theSaccharomyces cerevisiaeyeast transcription factor Msn2/4 was identified in the upstream regions of glycolytic genes and the cytosolic malic acid production pathway from pyruvate via oxaloacetate to malate, which suggests that malic acid production is a stress response. Furthermore, the pyruvate carboxylase reaction was identified as a target for metabolic engineering, after it was confirmed to be transcriptionally regulated through the correlation of intracellular fluxes and transcriptional changes.

scholarly journals A novel three-component reaction between isocyanides, alcohols or thiols and elemental sulfur: a mild, catalyst-free approach towards O-thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1523-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
András György Németh ◽  
György Miklós Keserű ◽  
Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Synthetic Procedure ◽  
Three Component Reaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Organic Chemist ◽  
The One

A new multicomponent reaction has been developed between isocyanides, sulfur and alcohols or thiols under mild reaction conditions to afford O-thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates in moderate to good yields. The one-pot reaction cascade involves the formation of an isothiocyanate intermediate, thus a catalyst-free synthesis of isothiocyanates, as valuable building blocks from isocyanides and sulfur is proposed, as well. The synthetic procedure suits the demand of a modern organic chemist, as it tolerates a wide range of functional groups, it is atom economic and easily scalable.

Synthetic Approach to Fused Azasultams with 1,2,4-Thiadiazepine Framework

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (19) ◽  
pp. 2857-2869
Author(s):  
Demyd S. Milokhov ◽  
Vasyl Y. Hys ◽  
Olesya B. Volovenko ◽  
Irina S. Konovalova ◽  
Svitlana V. Shishkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Chemical Behavior ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Enamino Ketone ◽  
The One

Synthetic approach to fused azasultams with 1,2,4-thiadi­azepine framework via base promoted protocols has been developed. 1H-Azole-2-carboxylates and N-(chloromethyl)-N-methylmethanesulfonamide were used as ambiphilic building blocks in the one-pot and two-step reaction sequences. Chemical behavior of the obtained azasultams in reactions with amines, hydrazine, DMFDMA, and NaBH4 was investigated. An enamino ketone derived from an azasultam was exploited in the synthesis of new pyrazole and pyrimidine heterocycles.

What is a verb?

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
Eva Smolka ◽  
Dorit Ravid
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Thematic Roles ◽  
Semitic Languages ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
The One ◽  
Current Special Issue ◽  
Structure And Functions

Abstract Verbs constitute one of the basic building blocks of a clause, setting the structure of arguments and expressing the relationships among nouns in various thematic roles. In general terms, verbs are lexical items expressing verb-oriented notions such as activities, processes, and states. In morphology-rich languages, the syntactic and lexical roles of verbs are mediated by typologically-oriented morphological means. The current Special Issue contrasts the structure and functions of verbs in languages from two morphologically rich, yet typologically different families. The articles in the Special Issue present spoken and written aspects of verbs in usage and development in German (a Germanic language) on the one hand, in Hebrew, Neo-Aramaic, and Arabic (Semitic languages), on the other. From a theoretical linguistic perspective, we ask how the different typological features of these languages affect the function of verbs in sentences, and from a psycholinguistic perspective, we ask how typological differences affect the processing of verbs in the mature minds of adults and in the developing minds of children.

scholarly journals Synthetic fermentation of β-peptide macrocycles by thiadiazole-forming ring-closing reactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2159-2167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan G. Hubert ◽  
Iain A. Stepek ◽  
Hidetoshi Noda ◽  
Jeffrey W. Bode
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Peptide Libraries ◽  
One Pot ◽  
One Pot Synthesis ◽  
The One

A new thiadiazole-forming macrocyclization reaction enables the one-pot synthesis of cyclic β-peptide libraries from readily accessible building blocks without additional reagents.

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