scholarly journals Relationship between Macrovascular and Microvascular Hemodynamics Assessed by Spectrophotometry in Periodontal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. M. Figliuzzi ◽  
S. Sestito ◽  
D. Pacifico ◽  
L. Parentela ◽  
Carlo Rengo
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Hemodynamic Status ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Tissue Edema

Objective. The aim of this study is to identify a possible link between macrovascular hemodynamic status and microvascular hemodynamic indices in patients with periodontal disease. Methods and Materials. Seventeen adult patients are recruited on a voluntary basis at the Dentistry Department of the “Mater Domini” University of Catanzaro, with sampling that determines the lipid profile, blood glucose, inflammatory mediators, blood plasma viscosity: anamnesis, blood pressure measurement, and detection of anthropometric parameters: eco-Doppler of the carotid arteries and brachial arteries with noninvasive measurements of hemodynamics and evaluation of inflammation and periodontal circulation with a noninvasive spectroscopic technique. The subjects underwent a dental inspection with periodontal proves. The different indices of periodontal disease were evaluated. Results. The sites with high probing depth differ from the healthy ones, showing low oxygen saturation and a notable increase in tissue edema, but no correlation between macro- and microvascular values was found. Conclusion. Periodontal probing and spectroscopic examination showed the correlation between low oxygen saturation levels and tissue edema values with probing depth; however, no correlation between macrovascular hemodynamic status and microvascular hemodynamics indices was found probably given the heterogeneity of the population under consideration, the low number of data gathered, and the small sample size.

scholarly journals BANA-Positive Plaque Samples Are Associated with Oral Hygiene Practices and Not CD4+ T Cell Counts in HIV-Positive Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Nisha John ◽  
Lawrence Xavier Graham Stephen ◽  
Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Clinical Indices

Background. The “red complex” microorganisms, namely,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Treponema denticola, andTannerella forsythiaare considered as potential pathogens causing HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Moreover, it has been recognized that an association exists between CD4+ T cell counts and periodontal disease progression.Objective. To establish whether CD4+ T cell counts or oral hygiene plays a greater role in producing BANA-positive results in HIV-associated periodontal disease.Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty HIV-positive patients participated in the study, and their CD4+ T cell counts were obtained from their medical records. The six Ramfjord teeth were used for evaluating periodontal clinical indices and subgingival plaque sampling. BANA test was used for the detection and prevalence of the “red complex” bacteria in plaque samples.Results. A majority of 69.17% HIV-positive patients were BANA-positive. No significant associations were found between BANA and CD4+ T cell counts. A highly significant association was found between BANA with probing depth and clinical attachment level (P≤0.0001) and between BANA and the use of interdental aids (P=0.0168).Conclusion. HIV-associated periodontal diseases are strongly related to oral hygiene practices rather than the effect of CD4+ T cell counts, and the use of interdental aids was marked as a significant predictor of BANA-negative plaque samples.

scholarly journals Salivary Pro-Inflammatory Markers and Smoking Status Influences the Treatment Effectiveness of Periodontal Disease Patients with Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7364
Author(s):  
Kun-Tsung Lee ◽  
Zhu-Ling Guo ◽  
Nai-Chia Teng ◽  
Kuei-Ling Christine Hsu ◽  
I-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
History Of

Background: Hypertension and periodontal diseases share several risk factors. Inflammation biomarkers in saliva are related to hypertension and periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the salivary inflammatory biomarkers in the treatment effectiveness of patients with hypertension and periodontal disease. Methods: This observational study enrolled 160 subjects diagnosed with periodontitis, 40 of which had a history of hypertension. All subjects had completed scaling and root planning therapeutic procedures within four weeks. The clinical periodontal parameters (i.e., bleeding on probing, plaque control record (PCR), and probing depth (PD)) were evaluated before and after the treatment. Pro-inflammatory markers were determined using a commercial kit. Results: The recovery rate (PD 4–9 mm) in non-hypertensive subjects was significantly higher than in hypertensive subjects (60.47% vs. 52.60%, respectively; p = 0.04). All clinical parameters, excluding PCR, positively correlated with salivary IL-1β at baseline and after completing treatment. Our results showed that increased salivary IL-1β levels were positively associated with decreased PCR (β = −27.65 and p = 0.05) and PD recovery rate (β = −17.05 and p = 0.02) in hypertensive subjects. Conclusions: The present study sheds important light on the clinical use of salivary pro-inflammatory cytokines as valuable biomarkers for predicting the treatment effectiveness of patients suffering from hypertension and periodontitis.

scholarly journals Effects of Hypoxia on the Behaviour, Mortality and Plasma Electrolyte Concentrations of Goldlined Seabream, Rhabdosargus sarba

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Hamed M. Al-Gheilani ◽  
Colin Waring ◽  
Abdulaziz Al-Kindi ◽  
Shehla Amer
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ventilation Rates

The behaviour, mortality rates and plasma electrolyte concentrations of goldlined seabream Rhabdosargus sarba challenged with low dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions was studied in an experimental setup, comprising a control (7.9 ml/l DO) and two hypoxic (2 ml/l and 1 ml/l DO) treatments. Increased ventilation rates and decreased swimming activity were observed in hypoxic treatments, but some fish exhibited strenuous avoidance actions. No mortalities were observed after 3 h, 6 h, or 24 h, but 50% of males and 18% of females died in the 48 h treatment at 1 ml/l DO. The mean size of surviving fish (305± 32.1 g total weight) was significantly smaller than those that died (425 ± 33.1 g). The plasma concentrations of Na+, Cl- and Mg2+ did not vary significantly relative to treatment, exposure time, fish size and gender, or interactions among treatment, time and gender. Ca2+ concentrations increased significantly after 48 h at 1 ml/l, but this result may be artificial because of the small sample size. The results suggest that R. sarba is comparatively tolerant of the low oxygen or hypoxic conditions that often occur in the coastal waters of Oman, where seasonal upwellings and  high primary productivity have in the past caused mass mortalities of demersal fishes.  

scholarly journals Retrospective study of the effectiveness of four different treatments of equine cheek teeth periodontal disease

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Jackson ◽  
Lukas M. Weber ◽  
Marc Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Other ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Confounding Effect ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Treatment Methods

Reasons for performing the study. Equine cheek teeth periodontal disease is a common, often painful dental condition that may lead to premature tooth loss if left untreated. All cases of periodontal disease in this study were associated with diastemata, with the majority of cases being secondary or senile diastemata. At present limited objective information is available comparing different treatment methods for the condition to assist clinicians in making evidence-based treatment decisions. Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of four commonly used treatments for equine periodontal disease (additional to routine dental treatment and equilibration) to assess their merit in reducing periodontal pocket depth. Study design. Retrospective case series. Methods. Four commonly used equine periodontal treatments were compared: Removing feed material and lavaging the periodontal pocket with dilute chlorhexidine and rinsing the mouth with chlorhexidine based mouthwash (‘Hexarinse’), ‘clean and antiseptic lavage’ (CL); CL plus the addition of metronidazole antibiotics into the periodontal pockets (M); M plus the addition of a polyvinyl siloxane temporary filling over the diastema (PVS); and diastema widening to open the diastema and increase the interdental space between adjacent teeth, then PVS (DW). Periodontal pocket depth measurements were compared before and after treatment at treatment intervals between two and six months. Results. Treatment groups CL, M and PVS showed statistically significant reductions in pocket depth following treatment. Mean pocket depth reduction was greatest in the DW group (and this was the only group with no cases involving an increase in pocket depth), but this was based on a small sample size and was not statistically significant. Additional analysis to compare effectiveness revealed a strong confounding effect of initial pocket depth. After taking this into account, there was some evidence that DW was associated with smaller improvements than the other treatments, however this result was also based on a small sample size, and influenced by a small number of cases with particularly large improvements. Among the other treatments, no statistically significant differences in effectiveness were found. Conclusion. This study has shown that treatment methods CL, M and PVS are associated with statistically significant reductions in pocket depth. Due to the confounding effect of initial pocket depth, no clear differences in effectiveness were found between treatment methods.

The Correlation of Clinical Outcomes (Marginal Bone Loss, Probing Depth, and Patient Satisfaction) With Different Prosthetic Aspects of Implant Overdentures: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Behnaz Ebadian ◽  
Kamran Azadbakht ◽  
Mohammadjavad Shirani
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Attached Gingiva

Implant overdentures increase retention, stability, support, and subsequently comfort and patient satisfaction with removable dentures. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of clinical outcomes (marginal bone loss, probing depth, and patient satisfaction) with different prosthetic aspects of mandibular implant overdentures. Seventy-four implant overdenture wearers who had received their overdentures between 1 to 5 years ago were selected using simple cluster sampling. The data investigated included mucosal health of the mouth, condition of peri-implant tissues, marginal bone loss (MBL), and patient satisfaction. The relationship of MBL and probing depth (PD) with independent variables was assessed by Pearson and Spearman's rho correlation coefficients. The comparisons of MBL, PD, patient satisfaction, and tissue irritation among different states of independent variables were done by analysis of covariance, Tukey and Tamhane post-tests, and chi-square tests (α = 0.05). A total of 186 implants were evaluated. The mean ages of participants and overdentures were 61.62 ± 9.28 (year) and 38.45 ± 16.64 (month), respectively. The survival rate and success rate were calculated to be 100% and 97.8%, respectively. Higher width of attached gingiva was correlated with less PD significantly (P = .006). Gingival index (P < .001) and plaque index (P = .006) were correlated with PD positively. Mean MBL for those who needed matrix/patrix adjustment was significantly higher than that of those who did not need it (P = .025). Taking into account our small sample size, the results of this study suggest that healthy peri-implant mucosa is significantly correlated with the presence of attached gingiva and appropriate oral health care. Furthermore, patients receiving implant overdentures should be informed about the importance of regular recalls.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of the effectiveness of four different treatments of equine cheek teeth periodontal disease

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Jackson ◽  
Lukas M. Weber ◽  
Marc Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Other ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Confounding Effect ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Treatment Methods

Reasons for performing the study. Equine cheek teeth periodontal disease is a common, often painful dental condition that may lead to premature tooth loss if left untreated. All cases of periodontal disease in this study were associated with diastemata, with the majority of cases being secondary or senile diastemata. At present limited objective information is available comparing different treatment methods for the condition to assist clinicians in making evidence-based treatment decisions. Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of four commonly used treatments for equine periodontal disease (additional to routine dental treatment and equilibration) to assess their merit in reducing periodontal pocket depth. Study design. Retrospective case series. Methods. Four commonly used equine periodontal treatments were compared: Removing feed material and lavaging the periodontal pocket with dilute chlorhexidine and rinsing the mouth with chlorhexidine based mouthwash (‘Hexarinse’), ‘clean and antiseptic lavage’ (CL); CL plus the addition of metronidazole antibiotics into the periodontal pockets (M); M plus the addition of a polyvinyl siloxane temporary filling over the diastema (PVS); and diastema widening to open the diastema and increase the interdental space between adjacent teeth, then PVS (DW). Periodontal pocket depth measurements were compared before and after treatment at treatment intervals between two and six months. Results. Treatment groups CL, M and PVS showed statistically significant reductions in pocket depth following treatment. Mean pocket depth reduction was greatest in the DW group (and this was the only group with no cases involving an increase in pocket depth), but this was based on a small sample size and was not statistically significant. Additional analysis to compare effectiveness revealed a strong confounding effect of initial pocket depth. After taking this into account, there was some evidence that DW was associated with smaller improvements than the other treatments, however this result was also based on a small sample size, and influenced by a small number of cases with particularly large improvements. Among the other treatments, no statistically significant differences in effectiveness were found. Conclusion. This study has shown that treatment methods CL, M and PVS are associated with statistically significant reductions in pocket depth. Due to the confounding effect of initial pocket depth, no clear differences in effectiveness were found between treatment methods.

scholarly journals P1206ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND PERIODONTITIS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS: ARE THEY RELATED?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josip Orešković ◽  
Katja Kovačević ◽  
Marijana Vučković ◽  
Hrvoje Raos ◽  
Marija Roguljić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Severe Periodontitis

Abstract Background and Aims Arterial stiffness is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, little is known about risk factors that contribute to arterial rigidity in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The periodontal diseases are highly prevalent among patients with ESRD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental status, incidence and severity of periodontitis among Dalmatian PD patients and to investigate possible correlations with arterial stiffness. Method 24 PD patients, 12 (50 %) men and 12 (50 %) women, aged 54.9 (range 21–79) years were included. Arterial stiffening was estimated by using pulse wave velocity (PWV). To measure PWV Agedio B900 device was used. Oral periodontal status included full mouth plaque score, full mouth bleeding score, periodontal probing depth and clinical attachment loss (CAL), all measured at six sites of each tooth. Also periodontitis stage was determined for each patient. Results Out of 24 PD patients 17 (70.1 %) was suffering from periodontitis. Among those with periodontitis 1 patient (5.9 %) was classified as periodontitis stage I (mild), 6 (35.3 %) as stage II (moderate), 10 (58.8%) as stage III and IV (severe). Significantly positive correlation between PWV, average interdental CAL and average total CAL, among all PD patients were found (R= 0.764, P=0.001), (R= 0.738, P=0.001), respectively, Also, in those PD patients statistically negative correlations between PWV and number of teeth were found (R= -0.565, P=0.012). Among those PD patients with periodontitis statistically positive correlation between PWV, periodontitis stage, interdental CAL, average total CAL and dental plaque were found (R= 0.73, P=0.002),(R= 0.731, P=0.00¸5), (R= 0.72, P=0.005), (R= 0.558, P=0.047), respectively. Conclusion The incidence of peritonitis is high in Dalmatian PD patients and more than half of PD patients had severe stage of periodontitis. Despite small sample size, we showed that those PD patients with more severe periodontitis stage had significantly higher arterial stiffness. Routine dental examination should be suggested for all PD patients. A prospective cohort study needs to link the association of severe periodontitis and CVD and confirm desirable survival outcome on successful treatment of periodontal diseases.

Evaluation of Periodontal Status in Subjects with Hyperlipidemia

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatin Awartani ◽  
Farhed Atassi
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Female Patients

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status in subjects with hyperlipidemia and to determine whether there is any association between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease. Methods and Materials Sixty female patients were enrolled in the study; group one is hyperlipidemic patients (30 subjects) and group 2 is systemically fit patients within the same age group (control; 30 subjects). In both groups body mass index (BMI) and clinical parameters were measured; plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth (PPD) as well as clinical attachment level (CAL) and biochemical parameters, including plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, were evaluated. Results The mean values of BMI, PPD, CAL, PI (%), and BOP (%) for the hyperlipidemia group were significantly higher than those for the control group. Total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were significantly and positively associated with CAL. Plasma triglyceride level was significantly associated with PPD and CAL. Conclusions The results of our study showed that female patients with hyperlipidemia had higher values of periodontal parameters compared to control individuals. However, in the future studies with larger sample sizes in mixed gender populations are needed to determine the association between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease. Clinical Significance The results of our study showed that female patients with hyperlipidemia might manifest clinically higher values of periodontal parameters compared to nonlipdemic individuals. However, due to the small sample size of this study the exact association between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease is still uncertain. Care has to be taken with a hyperlipidemia patients and advice can be given to them for periodic periodontal checkup. Citation Awartani F, Atassi F. Evaluation of Periodontal Status in Subjects with Hyperlipidemia. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):033-040. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue2- awartani.

Probing the ultrastructure of the mitotic and meiotic spindle in eggs: An expeditious approach based on semi-thin (0.25 μm) serial sections

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 552-555
Author(s):  
Conly L. Rieder ◽  
S. Bowser ◽  
R. Nowogrodzki ◽  
K. Ross ◽  
G. Sluder
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

Eggs have long been a favorite material for studying the mechanism of karyokinesis in-vivo and in-vitro. They can be obtained in great numbers and, when fertilized, divide synchronously over many cell cycles. However, they are not considered to be a practical system for ultrastructural studies on the mitotic apparatus (MA) for several reasons, the most obvious of which is that sectioning them is a formidable task: over 1000 ultra-thin sections need to be cut from a single 80-100 μm diameter egg and of these sections only a small percentage will contain the area or structure of interest. Thus it is difficult and time consuming to obtain reliable ultrastructural data concerning the MA of eggs; and when it is obtained it is necessarily based on a small sample size.We have recently developed a procedure which will facilitate many studies concerned with the ultrastructure of the MA in eggs. It is based on the availability of biological HVEM's and on the observation that 0.25 μm thick serial sections can be screened at high resolution for content (after mounting on slot grids and staining with uranyl and lead) by phase contrast light microscopy (LM; Figs 1-2).

Validating the Factor Structure of the Stigma of Suicide Scale–Short Form Spanish Version Among Healthcare Students

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ruthmarie Hernández-Torres ◽  
Paola Carminelli-Corretjer ◽  
Nelmit Tollinchi-Natali ◽  
Ernesto Rosario-Hernández ◽  
Yovanska Duarté-Vélez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
Spanish Speaking

Abstract. Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death among Spanish-speaking individuals. Suicide stigma can be a risk factor for suicide. A widely used measure is the Stigma of Suicide Scale-Short Form (SOSS-SF; Batterham, Calear, & Christensen, 2013 ). Although the SOSS-SF has established psychometric properties and factor structure in other languages and cultural contexts, no evidence is available from Spanish-speaking populations. Aim: This study aims to validate a Spanish translation of the SOSS-SF among a sample of Spanish-speaking healthcare students ( N = 277). Method: We implemented a cross-sectional design with quantitative techniques. Results: Following a structural equation modeling approach, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the three-factor model proposed by Batterham and colleagues (2013) . Limitations: The study was limited by the small sample size and recruitment by availability. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the Spanish version of the SOSS-SF is a valid and reliable tool with which to examine suicide stigma among Spanish-speaking populations.

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