scholarly journals Determination of Activity Concentration of Natural Radionuclides and Radiation Hazards’ Assessment of Building Materials in High Background Radiation Areas of Homa and Ruri, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Willis Otieno Gor Odongo ◽  
Margaret Chege ◽  
Nadir Hashim ◽  
Shinji Tokonami ◽  
Kranrod Chutima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
High Background ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The One

The areas around Homa and Ruri hills in Homa Bay County in Kenya are associated with high background radiation levels. The activity concentration of the natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) in earthen building materials used in the areas of Homa and Ruri hills has been measured using a NaI (Tl) detector in this work. The measured values of radioactivity concentrations are used to estimate the associated radiological risk. The earthen building material samples from Ruri registered relatively high 232Th concentration values averaging 1094 ± 55 Bq/kg, nearly three times those of the samples from Homa. 226Ra level was not significantly different in both regions with Homa reporting 129 ± 10 Bq/kg and Ruri 111 ± 6 Bq/kg. 40K was however higher in the samples from Homa by an approximate factor of 2 relative to those from Ruri where the activity concentration was 489 ± 24 Bq/kg. The radium equivalents for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the samples from Ruri were 111 ± 9, 1564 ± 125, and 38 ± 3 Bq/kg, while in Homa, the values were 129 ± 10, 570 ± 46, and 69 ± 5 Bq/kg, respectively. The calculated value of total radium equivalent in Ruri was 1713 ± 137 Bq/kg which was two times higher than that of Homa. 232Th contributed about 74% and 91% to the total radium equivalent in Homa and Ruri, respectively; thus, it was the one with the largest contribution to radiation exposure in both regions. The average indoor annual effective dose rates were 1.74 ± 0.14 and 3.78 ± 0.30 mSv/y in Homa and Ruri, respectively, both of which were above the recommended safety limit of 1 mSv/y.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN BUILDING MATERIALS USED IN BOSNIA AND HERCEGOVINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Sinanović ◽  
Feriz Adrović ◽  
Amira Kasumović ◽  
Amela Kasić
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Materials Used

Man is continuously exposed to ionizing radiation because of the presence of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in the environment. Various technological processes of processing and using of materials that contain natural radionuclides generate materials of enhanced natural radioactivity (TENORM). The largest contribution to irradiance with natural sources of ionizing radiation is the exposure of the population to indoor radon. This gas originates from the radioactive decay of 226Ra and 224Ra that are present in the soil under houses and building materials. Depending on the type of building materials, indoor exposure to radon at dwellings and workplaces can be over a thousand times greater than in outdoor space. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, no valid and comprehensive radiological studies on the building materials have been performed that would guarantee for their dosimetric safety use for installation in residential and industrial buildings, highways, as well as their application for other purposes. The quantification of the radon levels that comes from building materials is a necessary and very important part of the global protection of the population from ionizing radiation. This paper presents the first results of a study on the radon activity concentrations in building materials used in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Measurements were performedwith a professional Alpha GUARD system. The mean values of the activity concentration of the exhaled radon of investigated building materials varied from 10 Bqm-3 to 101 Bqm-3, radon exhalation rate values ranged from 77.0 mBqm-2h-1 to 777.7 mBqm-2h-1. Gamma dose rate was in the range 57–112 nSv h−1.

Determination of natural radioactivity in building materials used in the Karachi area by γ-ray spectrometry and INAA

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamshed H. Zaidi ◽  
M. Arif ◽  
I. Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Materials Used

SummarySamples of sand, stone and manufactured building materials collected from Karachi area have been analyzed for the primordial natural radionuclides

The use of total diet study for determination of natural radionuclides in foods of a high background radiation area

2022 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 106793
Author(s):  
Mychelle M.L. Rosa ◽  
Vera A. Maihara ◽  
Maria Helena T. Taddei ◽  
Luan T.V. Cheberle ◽  
Roseane P. Avegliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
High Background ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
High Background Radiation Area ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
Radiation Area

ASSESSMENT OF NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIONUCLIDES IN MALAYSIA’S BUILDING MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shittu Abdullahi ◽  
Aznan Fazli Ismail ◽  
Supian Samat
Keyword(s):  
Hpge Detector ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
Measured Activity ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides from common building materials used by Malaysian people for construction purposes were studied using High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The measured activity concentrations of the aforementioned radionuclides range from 10 ± 1 Bq kg−1 (limestone) to 155 ± 61 Bq kg−1 (feldspar), 12 ± 3 Bq kg−1 (limestone) to 274 ± 8 Bq kg−1 (kaolin) and 62 ± 19 Bq kg−1 (limestone) to 1114 ± 20 Bq kg−1 (pottery stone) for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The measured activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides reported herein were found to be in accordance with other previous studies. In general, the activity concentration of the natural radionuclides revealed that all the determined values were below the recommended limit.

scholarly journals Background Radiation from 238U, 232Th, and 40K in Bells Area and Canaan City, Ota, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (E) ◽  
pp. 678-684
Author(s):  
M. R. Usikalu ◽  
C. A. Enemuwe ◽  
R. O. Morakinyo ◽  
M. M. Orosun ◽  
T. A. Adagunodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates

Natural radionuclides are present in every constituent of the environment. Monitoring of environmental radionuclides is very vital to avoid exposure above the threshold limit. Due to this, the background radiation from 238U, 232Th, and 40K of Bell University of Technology and Canaan Land City was determined from 20 sample points each in the two areas using RS230 Gamma Spectrometer. The mean activity concentration of 40K, 238U, and 232Th for Bells University of Technology was 442.66 Bq/kg, 41.98 Bq/kg, and 48.35 Bq/Kg, respectively. In Canaan City, mean activity concentration of 40K, 238U, and 232Th was 373.65 Bq/kg, 18.85 Bq/kg, and 67.22 Bq/kg, respectively. The mean absorbed dose rates recorded by the spectrometer directly were 70.03 nGy/h and 66.65 nGy/h, while that estimated from the activity concentration were 67.06 and 64.89 nGy/h for Bells University and Canaan City, respectively. The measured and estimated absorbed dose rates were higher than the safe limit of 57 nGy/h. The mean values of other radiological parameters estimated, except that of the gamma index and excess lifetime cancer risk were lower when compared to the recommended limit. It could be concluded that the possibility of suffering any radiation risk is low in these two areas, but there is possibility of cancer risk for someone that has stayed in the area for 70 years and above.

RADIATION EXPOSURE FROM NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN BUILDING MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Madruga ◽  
C Miró ◽  
M Reis ◽  
L Silva
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Radiological Health ◽  
Hazard Parameters

Abstract Building materials from Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain) were collected and analysed for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometers. The results show that the highest mean value of 226Ra and 232Th activities are 2168 and 390 Bq kg−1, respectively, measured in zircon. For 40K, this value is 1290 Bq kg−1, measured in granite. The mean concentrations of the three radionuclides in the different building materials, excluding the zircon and the industrial by-products (ashes, gypsum and phosphogypsum), are 62, 31 and 519 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The radiological health hazard parameters: radium equivalent activity (Raeq), activity concentration index (I) absorbed and effective dose rates, associated with these radionuclides, were evaluated. These values are within the EU recommended limits in building materials, except for same samples of aggregates, granites, ceramics, phosphogypsum and zircon. This study will contribute for the worldwide data pooling on the radioactivity of the building materials.

Ensuring the Radiation-Related Ecological Safety of Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Stefanenko ◽  
O.P. Sidelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
The One

Nowadays, both builders and public have started to pay more and more interest to such a physical property of building materials as radioactivity. This is due to the fact that on the one hand, in the so-called "nuclear era", the problem of reducing radiation doses for people has acquired a global character, and on the other hand - millions of tons of construction raw materials containing natural radionuclides are extracted from bowels and are used in construction, where the structure of these doses of radiation is sharply deformed. Naturally occurring radionuclides make the largest contribution to the dose of human exposure to radiation. Economic activities lead to a significant redistribution of naturally occurring radionuclides in the environment. The background radiation in buildings is considered to be one of the main types of radiation impact on human beings, since people spend a larger part of time indoors. The radiation control of construction objects is necessary to ensure public radiation safety.

AT HIGH BACKGROUND RADIATION AREAS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IN SITU INDOOR GAMMA DOSE RATES AND BUILDING MATERIALS: A CASE STUDY FROM ARIKLI VILLAGE (AYVACIK/ÇANAKKALE/TURKEY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-260
Author(s):  
Gülcan Top ◽  
Yüksel Örgün ◽  
Gürsel Karahan ◽  
Orkan Özcan ◽  
Mark Horvath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
High Background ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Gamma Dose Rates ◽  
Uranium Mineralisation ◽  
Radiological Health

Abstract This study measured in situ indoor gamma dose rates in Arıklı village situated near a uranium mineralisation region, evaluated the risks of radiological health hazards and established a hypothetical relationship between these values and building materials using statistical tools. Eberline brand portable type ESP-2 model Na (I) scintillation probe connected detector was used for the measurements in 45 dwellings. Statistics revealed two groups. The first group consists of the dwellings made of bricks or mixed materials both plastered by cement, while the second group represented the dwellings made of Arıklı tuff plastered with soil (modified Arıklı tuff) or cement. For the first and second groups, respectively, the medians of the indoor gamma dose rates were 188.79 and 261.87 nGy/h; for indoor Annual Effective Dose Equivalents (AEDEin) they were 0.93 and 1.28 mSv/h; and for Excess Lifetime Cancer Risks (ELCRin) they were 3.69 and 5.12, respectively. All the values were higher than those of the world averages.

scholarly journals Determination of the content of natural radionuclides in rock materials used in the buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-188
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Serafimova ◽  
Vilma Petkova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
National Level ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Rock Materials ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Materials Used

The negative impact of natural inorganic building materials on people during their life cycle can be potentially significant, in case of presence of radionuclides, due to the very long period of negative radioactive impact. International experience shows that effective prevention of public health and reduction of exposure involves a wide range of actions, which has been achieved through the development and preparation of a strategy at the national level. The content of natural radionuclides in rock materials for construction purposes, taken from different buildings in Southern Bulgaria, has been determined. The obtained data are in norms under the Bulgarian legislation, but for some samples with values close to the maximum permissible concentrations.

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