scholarly journals Enhancement of Dopaminergic Differentiation in Proliferating Midbrain Neuroblasts by Sonic Hedgehog and Ascorbic Acid

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floriana Volpicelli ◽  
Claudia Consales ◽  
Massimiliano Caiazzo ◽  
Luca Colucci-D'Amato ◽  
Carla Perrone-Capano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Ventral Mesencephalon ◽  
Mes Cells ◽  
Dopaminergic Differentiation

We analyzed the molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition and maturation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons generated in vitro from rat ventral mesencephalon (MES) cells in the presence of mitogens or specific signaling molecules. The addition of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to MES cells in serum-free medium stimulates the proliferation of neuroblasts but delays DA differentiation. Recombinant Sonic hedgehog (SHH) protein increases up to three fold the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells and their differentiation, an effect abolished by anti-SHH antibodies. The expanded cultures are rich in nestin-positive neurons, glial cells are rare, allTH+neurons are DA, and all DA and GABAergic markers analyzed are expressed. Adding ascorbic acid to bFGF/SHH-treated cultures resulted in a further five- to seven-fold enhancement of viable DA neurons. This experimental system also provides a powerful tool to generate DA neurons from single embryos. Our strategy provides an enriched source of MES DA neurons that are useful for analyzing molecular mechanisms controlling their function and for experimental regenerative approaches in DA dysfunction.

scholarly journals Quantification of Internalized Silica Nanoparticles via STED Microscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Peuschel ◽  
Thomas Ruckelshausen ◽  
Christian Cavelius ◽  
Annette Kraegeloh
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Serum Free

The development of safe engineered nanoparticles (NPs) requires a detailed understanding of their interaction mechanisms on a cellular level. Therefore, quantification of NP internalization is crucial to predict the potential impact of intracellular NP doses, providing essential information for risk assessment as well as for drug delivery applications. In this study, the internalization of 25 nm and 85 nm silica nanoparticles (SNPs) in alveolar type II cells (A549) was quantified by application of super-resolution STED (stimulated emission depletion) microscopy. Cells were exposed to equal particle number concentrations (9.2×1010particles mL−1) of each particle size and the sedimentation of particles during exposure was taken into account. Microscopy images revealed that particles of both sizes entered the cells after 5 h incubation in serum supplemented and serum-free medium. According to thein vitrosedimentation, diffusion, and dosimetry (ISDD) model 20–27% of the particles sedimented. In comparison, 102-103NPs per cell were detected intracellularly serum-containing medium. Furthermore, in the presence of serum, no cytotoxicity was induced by the SNPs. In serum-free medium, large agglomerates of both particle sizes covered the cells whereas only high concentrations (≥ 3.8 × 1012particles mL−1) of the smaller particles induced cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Use of synthetic serum-free medium for culture of human dermal fibroblasts to establish an experimental system similar to living dermis

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Ejiri ◽  
Tadashi Nomura ◽  
Masumi Hasegawa ◽  
Chiaki Tatsumi ◽  
Midori Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental System ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Synthetic Serum

Sonic hedgehog-dependent emergence of oligodendrocytes in the telencephalon: evidence for a source of oligodendrocytes in the olfactory bulb that is independent of PDGFRα signaling

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (24) ◽  
pp. 4993-5004
Author(s):  
Nathalie Spassky ◽  
Katharina Heydon ◽  
Arnaud Mangatal ◽  
Alexandar Jankovski ◽  
Christelle Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Progenitors

Most studies on the origin of oligodendrocyte lineage have been performed in the spinal cord. By contrast, molecular mechanisms that regulate the appearance of the oligodendroglial lineage in the brain have not yet attracted much attention. We provide evidence for three distinct sources of oligodendrocytes in the mouse telencephalon. In addition to two subpallial ventricular foci, the anterior entopeduncular area and the medial ganglionic eminence, the rostral telencephalon also gives rise to oligodendrocytes. We show that oligodendrocytes in the olfactory bulb are generated within the rostral pallium from ventricular progenitors characterized by the expression of Plp. We provide evidence that these Plp oligodendrocyte progenitors do not depend on signal transduction mediated by platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), and therefore propose that they belong to a different lineage than the PDGFRα-expressing progenitors. Moreover, induction of oligodendrocytes in the telencephalon is dependent on sonic hedgehog signaling, as in the spinal cord. In all these telencephalic ventricular territories, oligodendrocyte progenitors were detected at about the same developmental stage as in the spinal cord. However, both in vivo and in vitro, the differentiation into O4-positive pre-oligodendrocytes was postponed by 4-5 days in the telencephalon in comparison with the spinal cord. This delay between determination and differentiation appears to be intrinsic to telencephalic oligodendrocytes, as it was not shortened by diffusible or cell-cell contact factors present in the spinal cord.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effects In Vitro of Highly Purified Streptolysin O on Mouse Macrophages Cultured in a Serum-Free Medium

1966 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1150-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Fauve ◽  
Joseph E. Alouf ◽  
Albert Delaunay ◽  
Marcel Raynaud
Keyword(s):  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Streptolysin O ◽  
Mouse Macrophages

Innovative serum-free medium for in vitro cultivation of promastigote forms of Leishmania species

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. S150
Author(s):  
Abdalla Hassan Sharief ◽  
Eltahir A. Khalil ◽  
Samia A. Omer ◽  
Hamid S. Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Species ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Serum Free

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Citrus lumia Juice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Smeriglio ◽  
Marcella Denaro ◽  
Valeria D’Angelo ◽  
Maria Paola Germanò ◽  
Domenico Trombetta
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Citrus juices are a rich source of bioactive compounds with various and well-known health benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the polyphenols and ascorbic acid content as well as to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties of the juice of an ancient Mediterranean species, Citrus lumia Risso (CLJ). The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by several in vitro cell-free and cell-based assays, whereas two different in vivo models, the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the zebrafish embryos, were used to characterize the anti-angiogenic properties. Twenty-eight polyphenols were identified by RP-LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis (flavonoids 68.82% and phenolic acids 31.18%) with 1-caffeoyl-5-feruloylquinic acid and kaempferol 3′-rhamnoside, which represent the most abundant compounds (25.70 and 23.12%, respectively). HPLC-DAD analysis showed a high ascorbic acid content (352 mg/kg of CLJ), which contributes with polyphenols to the marked and dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties observed. CLJ showed strong and dose-dependent anti-angiogenic activity as highlighted by the inhibition of blood vessel formation on CAMs and the decrease of endogenous alkaline phosphatase on zebrafish embryos. Moreover, within the concentration range tested, no dead or malformed embryos were recorded. Certainly, further studies are needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these promising biological effects, but considering the evidence of the present study, the use of CLJ as a ready-to drink safe prevention strategy for inflammatory-based diseases correlated to angiogenesis could be justified.

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