scholarly journals Comparison of Results of Texture Measurements Obtained by X-Ray and by Neutron Diffraction

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Engler ◽  
J. Palacios ◽  
W. Schäfer ◽  
E. Jansen ◽  
K. Lücke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Comparison Of Results ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Purity Copper

Texture measurements were carried out on 95% cold rolled and also on recrystallized high purity copper sheets by means of X-ray and neutron diffraction. The purpose of this study was to compare the results obtained by the two different measuring techniques and also to test the accuracy of the corrections normally used for deriving pole figures from X-ray data. In sheets containing texture inhomogeneities, X-ray pole figures were measured at different distances from the surface and two methods of producing averaged pole figures comparable to neutron measurements were applied. From the X-ray and from the neutron determined pole figures orientation distribution functions (ODF's) were calculated. The resulting differences which are less than 10% are discussed.

Evidence of extinction in strongly textured high-purity copper

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Palacios Gomez ◽  
J. M. Walter ◽  
E. Jansen ◽  
T. Kryshtab
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Pole Density ◽  
Slight Tendency ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Fourth Sample ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Secondary Extinction ◽  
Purity Copper ◽  
Weak Texture

In order to test the influence of extinction on texture measurements, pole figures of four copper samples were measured using neutron diffraction with three different wavelengths. The copper samples had previously been cold rolled to different extents and partially annealed. Therefore, three of the samples presented a relatively strong texture and the fourth sample a relatively weak texture. In this study, the results from equivalent pole figures were compared between the different samples. These investigations showed that, in general, except for the sample with weak texture, the 222 reflection showed higher pole density maxima than the 111 reflection. Since all measuring conditions were the same for both reflections, this difference was attributed to extinction. The pole density maxima of strong reflections also revealed a slight tendency to lower values with decreasing wavelengths. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that more reflections exist at shorter wavelengths and therefore an increase in secondary extinction is measurable at these wavelengths.

The development of the rolling texture in copper measured by neutron diffraction

1971 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Bunge ◽  
J. Tobisch ◽  
W. Sonntag
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Texture Component ◽  
Deformation Mechanism ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rolling Texture ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Anisotropic Hardening ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Cold Rolled

Three-dimensional orientation distribution functions of the crystallites in copper sheets, cold rolled to different degrees of reduction, have been determined using neutron diffraction pole figures. The main features of the textures may be represented by the orientation `tube' already described in prior publications. Two ranges of rolling reduction can be distinguished, a lower one (30 to 50%) and a higher one (70 to 95%) the texture changes of which correspond to those calculated after the Taylor theory. In an intermediate range (50 to 70%) a different deformation mechanism occurs which leads to an intermediate (001) [110] texture component. It is supposed that anisotropic hardening may have occurred in this range.

Textures Applied to Mechanical Processing Technology Assessment in Ancient Bronze

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 719-724
Author(s):  
R.E. Bolmaro ◽  
B. Molinas ◽  
E. Sentimenti ◽  
A.L. Fourty
Keyword(s):  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanical Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Microscopic Inspection

Some ancient metallic art craft, utensils, silverware and weapons are externally undistinguishable from modern ones. Not only the general aspect and shape but also some uses have not changed through the ages. Moreover, when just some small pieces can be recovered from archaeological sites, the samples can not easily be ascribed to any known use and consequently identified. It is clear that mechanical processing has changed along history but frequently only a "microscopic" inspection can distinguish among different techniques. Some bronze samples have been collected from the Quarto d’Altino (Veneto) archaeological area in Italy (paleovenetian culture) and some model samples have been prepared by a modern artisan. The sample textures have been measured by X-ray Diffraction techniques. (111), (200) and (220) pole figures were used to calculate Orientation Distribution Functions and further recalculate pole figures and inverse pole figures. The results were compared with modern forging technology results. Textures are able to discern between hammering ancient techniques for sheet production and modern industrial rolling procedures. However, as it is demonstrated in the present work, forgery becomes difficult to detect if the goldsmith, properly warned, proceeds to erase the texture history with some hammering post-processing. The results of this contribution can offer to the archaeologists the opportunity to take into consideration the texture techniques in order to discuss the origin (culture) of the pieces and the characteristic mechanical process developed by the ancient artisan. Texture can also help the experts when discussing the originality of a certain piece keeping however in mind the cautions indicated in this publication.

Texture Evolution in Rolled Mg-13wt%Li-X Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Tie Tao Zhou ◽  
Huan Xi Li ◽  
Chang Qi Chen ◽  
Qiu Lin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Thickness Reduction ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Orientation Distribution Functions

Texture evolution in Mg-13wt%Li-X alloy cold-rolled from 1.35 mm to 0.34 mm thickness was investigated, by obtaining pole figures and orientation distribution functions (ODFs). Punching tests were conducted to reveal the effect of texture nature on formability. It was found that: (1) the textures of the as-received sheet are characterized by α fiber texture, a γ fiber texture and a cubic texture in both cold-rolled and annealed conditions; (2) with thickness reduction though rolling, the intensity of the γ fiber texture continuously increases and finally the γ fiber texture connects into {111} tube texture, the texture of <11 0> orientation flows towards {223}<11 0> along α fiber, the cubic texture of {001}<100> turns into {035}<100>, while some grains concentrate at {011}<41 1> orientation; (3) good punching behavior of the cold-rolled sheet corresponds to the appearance of a well-developed γ fiber texture.

scholarly journals Cyclic Textures in Aluminium Wires

Texture ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schläfer ◽  
H. J. Bunge
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Fibre Texture ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Processing Variables ◽  
Orientation Distribution Functions ◽  
The Wire

Three-dimensional orientation distribution functions were calculated from neutron diffraction pole figures of unwound cylinders taken at different distances from the centre of cold drawn Al-wires. Their features change from the axially symmetric type at the very centre of the wire towards a texture near to the rolling type at the surface. Relations between the three-dimensional function and ordinary fibre texture pole figures were used to study the dependence of the textures on certain processing variables for cold drawn as well as recrystallized wires.

Evaluation of Developed Texture during Cold-Rolling Deformation of Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr Biocompatible Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 592-593 ◽  
pp. 366-369
Author(s):  
Vasile Danut Cojocaru ◽  
Isabelle Thibon ◽  
Doina Raducanu ◽  
Ion Cinca ◽  
Thierry Gloriant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
High Specific Strength ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Rolling Deformation

During the last decade the titanium alloys were extensively used in a variety of applications due to their good mechanical properties, high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. β-type Ti alloys composed of Nb, Ta and Zr elements have received much attention, because they feature high specific strength, bio-corrosion resistance, no allergic problems and biocompatibility. A Ti-29Nb-9Ta-10Zr (wt.%) alloy was subjected to thermo-mechanical processing and testing. Two states were investigated: recrystallized and 80% cold-rolled. Data concerning phase structure and developed texture, expressed by Inverse Pole Figures (IPFs) and Orientation Distribution Functions (ODFs), was obtained and analyzed.

Advances in Texture Analysis from Diffraction Spectra

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matthies ◽  
L. Lutteroti ◽  
H. R. Wenk
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Structure Refinement ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Overlapping Peaks ◽  
Lattice Planes ◽  
Synthetic Calcite ◽  
Low Symmetry

The orientation distribution of a textured polycrystal has been traditionally determined from a few individual pole figures of lattice planes hkl, measured by X-ray or neutron diffraction. A new method is demonstrated that uses the whole diffraction spectrum, rather than extracted peak intensities, by combining ODF calculation with Rietveld crystal structure refinement. With this method, which is illustrated for a synthetic calcite texture, it is possible to obtain quantitative texture information from highly incomplete pole figures and regions of the diffraction spectrum with many overlapping peaks. The approach promises to be advantageous for low-symmetry compounds and composites with complicated diffraction spectra. The method is particularly elegant for time-of-flight neutron diffraction, saving beam time by using small pole-figure regions and many diffractions.

scholarly journals Texture and Lamellae Distribution Functions in Lamellar Eutectics

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Bunge
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Absorption Factor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Vector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures

The crystallographic orientation distribution and the geometrical lamellae orientation distribution in lamellar eutectics are, in general, not independent of each other. The combined orientation-lamellae distribution function depends on five angular parameters. X-ray diffraction in such eutectics may exhibit an anisotropic macroscopic absorption factor if the penetration depth of the X-rays is large compared with their planar size. As a consequence, the reflected X-ray intensity may depend on a third angle γ, i.e. a rotation of the sample about the diffraction vector s additionally to the usual pole figure angles α, β which describe the orientation of the diffraction vector s with respect to the sample coordinate system. It is thus necessary to measure three-dimensional generalized pole figures instead of conventional two-dimensional ones.

scholarly journals The Development of Rolling Texture in α-Brass Determined by Neutron Diffraction

Texture ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tobisch ◽  
A. Mücklichf
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rolling Texture ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Zinc Alloy ◽  
Tube Axis ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Cold Rolled

The three-dimensional orientation distribution was calculated from neutron diffraction pole figures for a copper 27.2% zinc alloy cold rolled to different degrees of deformation. The results agree qualitatively with those of other authors. There are however differences in the quantitative respect which influence the conclusions to be drawn. For rolling degrees lower than about 70% the texture exhibits an orientation tube similar to that of the copper type, but with a significantly different distribution along the tube axis. For rolling degrees larger than 70% the texture can be described by the orientation {110}〈112〉. The deformation is assumed to occur according to the Wassermann model and the Hu model respectively in these two ranges.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution of a Cold Rolled Ni-Cr-W Alloy after Annealing

2011 ◽  
Vol 702-703 ◽  
pp. 352-355
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
I. Drouelle ◽  
F. Brisset ◽  
M.H. Mathon ◽  
T. Auger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Hydrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction ◽  
Cold Rolled

A Ni-5.7%Cr-25.2%W (wt%) alloy was deformed by cold rolling in different reduction conditions (50%, 70%, and 90%) and then annealed under hydrogen atmosphere. Microstructure and texture evolutions were analyzed using Electron BackScattered Diffraction (EBSD). Orientation Distribution Functions (ODFs) and stored energy were calculated from neutron diffraction measurements. A strengthening of the α-fiber texture was observed after 90% cold rolling and a homogenous microstructure was obtained after annealing at 900°C.

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