Abstract 4329: Lipid droplets and associated proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma tumour cells

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evette Yassa ◽  
Hussam Alamri ◽  
Tommy Alain ◽  
Anthoula Lazaris ◽  
Peter Ghali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Associated Proteins

scholarly journals Effect of the HBV whole-X gene on the expression of hepatocellular carcinoma associated proteins

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Hongli Liu ◽  
Meiling Cui ◽  
Jinfeng Liu ◽  
Ruitian Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
X Gene

scholarly journals HSD17B13: A Potential Therapeutic Target for NAFLD

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-bo Zhang ◽  
Wen Su ◽  
Hu Xu ◽  
Xiao-yan Zhang ◽  
You-fei Guan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Associated Proteins

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially in its inflammatory form (steatohepatitis, NASH), is closely related to the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease. Despite substantial advances in the management of NAFLD/NASH in recent years, there are currently no efficacious therapies for its treatment. The biogenesis and expansion of lipid droplets (LDs) are critical pathophysiological processes in the development of NAFLD/NASH. In the past decade, increasing evidence has demonstrated that lipid droplet-associated proteins may represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of NAFLD/NASH given the critical role they play in regulating the biogenesis and metabolism of lipid droplets. Recently, HSD17B13, a newly identified liver-enriched, hepatocyte-specific, lipid droplet-associated protein, has been reported to be strongly associated with the development and progression of NAFLD/NASH in both mice and humans. Notably, human genetic studies have repeatedly reported a robust association of HSD17B13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the occurrence and severity of NAFLD/NASH and other chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Here we briefly overview the discovery, tissue distribution, and subcellular localization of HSD17B13 and highlight its important role in promoting the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH in both experimental animal models and patients. We also discuss the potential of HSD17B13 as a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic agents for NAFLD/NASH.

scholarly journals Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra P.M. Cloherty ◽  
Andrea D. Olmstead ◽  
Carla M.S. Ribeiro ◽  
François Jean
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Viral Lifecycle ◽  
Moonlighting Functions

Hijacking and manipulation of host cell biosynthetic pathways by human enveloped viruses are essential for the viral lifecycle. Flaviviridae members, including hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses, extensively manipulate host lipid metabolism, underlining the importance of lipid droplets (LDs) in viral infection. LDs are dynamic cytoplasmic organelles that can act as sequestration platforms for a unique subset of host and viral proteins. Transient recruitment and mobilization of proteins to LDs during viral infection impacts host-cell biological properties, LD functionality and canonical protein functions. Notably, recent studies identified LDs in the nucleus and also identified that LDs are transported extracellularly via an autophagy-mediated mechanism, indicating a novel role for autophagy in Flaviviridae infections. These developments underline an unsuspected diversity and localization of LDs and potential moonlighting functions of LD-associated proteins during infection. This review summarizes recent breakthroughs concerning the LD hijacking activities of hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses and potential roles of cytoplasmic, nuclear and extracellular LD-associated viral proteins during infection.

scholarly journals Circulating tumour cells as biomarkers for evaluating cryosurgery on unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1845-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Shi ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Shuzhen Liang ◽  
Jianying Zeng ◽  
Guifeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumour Cells ◽  
Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

scholarly journals Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Impaired Fat Efflux in Polarized Hepatic Cells: Consequences of Ethanol Metabolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benita L. McVicker ◽  
Karuna Rasineni ◽  
Dean J. Tuma ◽  
Mark A. McNiven ◽  
Carol A. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Alcohol Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Lipid Efflux ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

Steatosis, an early manifestation in alcoholic liver disease, is associated with the accumulation of hepatocellular lipid droplets (LDs). However, the role ethanol metabolism has in LD formation and turnover remains undefined. Here, we assessed LD dynamics following ethanol and oleic acid treatment to ethanol-metabolizing WIF-B cells (a hybrid of human fibroblasts (WI 38) and Fao rat hepatoma cells). An OA dose-dependent increase in triglyceride and stained lipids was identified which doubled (P<0.05) in the presence of ethanol. This effect was blunted with the inclusion of an alcohol metabolism inhibitor. The ethanol/ OA combination also induced adipophilin, LD coat protein involved in the attenuation of lipolysis. Additionally, ethanol treatment resulted in a significant reduction in lipid efflux. These data demonstrate that the metabolism of ethanol in hepatic cells is related to LD accumulation, impaired fat efflux, and enhancements in LD-associated proteins. These alterations in LD dynamics may contribute to ethanol-mediated defects in hepatocellular LD regulation and the formation of steatosis.

Lipid droplets may lay a spacial foundation for vasculogenic mimicry formation in hepatocellular carcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Weiwei Cai ◽  
Qingqing Yi ◽  
Fengshan Xie ◽  
Yanling Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry

scholarly journals Activation of blood coagulation in cancer: implications for tumour progression

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luize G. Lima ◽  
Robson Q. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Protease Activated Receptors ◽  
Tumour Metastasis ◽  
Coagulation Proteins ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Cancer Associated Thrombosis

Several studies have suggested a role for blood coagulation proteins in tumour progression. Herein, we discuss (1) the activation of the blood clotting cascade in the tumour microenvironment and its impact on primary tumour growth; (2) the intravascular activation of blood coagulation and its impact on tumour metastasis and cancer-associated thrombosis; and (3) antitumour therapies that target blood-coagulation-associated proteins. Expression levels of the clotting initiator protein TF (tissue factor) have been correlated with tumour cell aggressiveness. Simultaneous TF expression and PS (phosphatidylserine) exposure by tumour cells promote the extravascular activation of blood coagulation. The generation of blood coagulation enzymes in the tumour microenvironment may trigger the activation of PARs (protease-activated receptors). In particular, PAR1 and PAR2 have been associated with many aspects of tumour biology. The procoagulant activity of circulating tumour cells favours metastasis, whereas the release of TF-bearing MVs (microvesicles) into the circulation has been correlated with cancer-associated thrombosis. Given the role of coagulation proteins in tumour progression, it has been proposed that they could be targets for the development of new antitumour therapies.

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