Abstract 2394: Racial disparity in bladder cancer and identification of altered metabolism in African American compared to European American bladder cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Rao Vantaku ◽  
Sri Ramya Donepudi ◽  
Tiffany Dorsey ◽  
Vasanta Putluri ◽  
Chandrashekar Ambati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
European American ◽  
Altered Metabolism

scholarly journals Large‐scale profiling of serum metabolites in African American and European American patients with bladder cancer reveals metabolic pathways associated with patient survival

Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatrao Vantaku ◽  
Sri Ramya Donepudi ◽  
Danthasinghe Waduge Badrajee Piyarathna ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Amara ◽  
Chandrashekar R. Ambati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
European American ◽  
Serum Metabolites

scholarly journals DNA methylation patterns in bladder tumors of African American patients point to distinct alterations in xenobiotic metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1332-1340
Author(s):  
Venkatrao Vantaku ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Amara ◽  
Danthasinghe Waduge Badrajee Piyarathna ◽  
Sri Ramya Donepudi ◽  
Chandrashekar R Ambati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Xenobiotic Metabolism ◽  
European American ◽  
Flux Analysis ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Abstract Racial/ethnic disparities have a significant impact on bladder cancer outcomes with African American patients demonstrating inferior survival over European-American patients. We hypothesized that epigenetic difference in methylation of tumor DNA is an underlying cause of this survival health disparity. We analyzed bladder tumors from African American and European-American patients using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to annotate differentially methylated DNA regions. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based metabolomics and flux studies were performed to examine metabolic pathways that showed significant association to the discovered DNA methylation patterns. RRBS analysis showed frequent hypermethylated CpG islands in African American patients. Further analysis showed that these hypermethylated CpG islands in patients are commonly located in the promoter regions of xenobiotic enzymes that are involved in bladder cancer progression. On follow-up, LC-MS/MS revealed accumulation of glucuronic acid, S-adenosylhomocysteine, and a decrease in S-adenosylmethionine, corroborating findings from the RRBS and mRNA expression analysis indicating increased glucuronidation and methylation capacities in African American patients. Flux analysis experiments with 13C-labeled glucose in cultured African American bladder cancer cells confirmed these findings. Collectively, our studies revealed robust differences in methylation-related metabolism and expression of enzymes regulating xenobiotic metabolism in African American patients indicate that race/ethnic differences in tumor biology may exist in bladder cancer.

scholarly journals African American Unemployment and the Disparity in Periviable Births

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Catalano ◽  
Deborah Karasek ◽  
Tim Bruckner ◽  
Joan A. Casey ◽  
Katherine Saxton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Us ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Hispanic White

AbstractPeriviable infants (i.e., born before 26 complete weeks of gestation) represent fewer than .5% of births in the US but account for 40% of infant mortality and 20% of billed hospital obstetric costs. African American women contribute about 14% of live births in the US, but these include nearly a third of the country’s periviable births. Consistent with theory and with periviable births among other race/ethnicity groups, males predominate among African American periviable births in stressed populations. We test the hypothesis that the disparity in periviable male births among African American and non-Hispanic white populations responds to the African American unemployment rate because that indicator not only traces, but also contributes to, the prevalence of stress in the population. We use time-series methods that control for autocorrelation including secular trends, seasonality, and the tendency to remain elevated or depressed after high or low values. The racial disparity in male periviable birth increases by 4.45% for each percentage point increase in the unemployment rate of African Americans above its expected value. We infer that unemployment—a population stressor over which our institutions exercise considerable control—affects the disparity between African American and non-Hispanic white periviable births in the US.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document