The Production of Pro- and Anti- Inflammatory Cytokines in Neonates Assessed by Stimulated Whole Cord Blood Culture and by Plasma Levels at Birth

The influence of carbohydrate (1 l/h of a 6% carbohydrate beverage), gender, and age on pro- and anti-inflammatory plasma cytokine and hormone changes was studied in 98 runners for 1.5 h after two competitive marathon races. The marathoner runners were randomly assigned to carbohydrate (C, n = 48) and placebo (P, n = 50) groups, with beverages administered during the races in a double-blind fashion using color codes. Plasma glucose was higher and cortisol was lower in the C than in the P group after the race ( P < 0.001). For all subjects combined, plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, and IL-8 rose significantly immediately after the race and remained above prerace levels 1.5 h later. The pattern of change in all cytokines did not differ significantly between the 12 women and 86 men in the study and the 23 subjects ≥50 yr of age and the 75 subjects <50 yr of age. The pattern of change in IL-10, IL-1ra, and IL-8, but not IL-6, differed significantly between the C and the P group, with higher postrace values measured for IL-10 (109% higher) and IL-1ra (212%) in the P group and for IL-8 (42%) in the C group. In conclusion, plasma levels of IL-10, IL-1ra, IL-6, and IL-8 rose strongly in runners after a competitive marathon, and this was not influenced by age or gender. Carbohydrate ingestion, however, had a major effect in attenuating increases in cortisol and two anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and IL-1ra.

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Preventive effects of Salvia officinalis leaf extract on insulin resistance and inflammation in a model of high fat diet-induced obesity in mice that responds to rosiglitazone

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4166 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4166 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohamed R. Ben Khedher ◽

Mohamed Hammami ◽

Jonathan R.S. Arch ◽

David C. Hislop ◽

Dominic Eze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Low Dose ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Salvia Officinalis ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background Salvia officinalis (sage) is a native plant to the Mediterranean region and has been used for a long time in traditional medicine for various diseases. We investigated possible anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects of sage methanol (MetOH) extract in a nutritional mouse model of obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance, as well as its effects on lipolysis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Methods Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated for five weeks with sage methanol extract (100 and 400 mg kg−1/day bid), or rosiglitazone (3 mg kg−1/day bid), as a positive control. Energy expenditure, food intake, body weight, fat mass, liver glycogen and lipid content were evaluated. Blood glucose, and plasma levels of insulin, lipids leptin and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured throughout the experiment. The effects of sage MetOH extract on lipolysis and lipogenesis were tested in vitro in 3T3-L1 cells. Results After two weeks of treatment, the lower dose of sage MetOH extract decreased blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). An insulin tolerance test (ITT), performed at day 29 confirmed that sage improved insulin sensitivity. Groups treated with low dose sage and rosiglitazone showed very similar effects on OGTT and ITT. Sage also improved HOMA-IR, triglycerides and NEFA. Treatment with the low dose increased the plasma levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 and reduced the plasma level of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12, TNF-α, and KC/GRO. The GC analysis revealed the presence of two PPARs agonist in sage MetOH extract. In vitro, the extract reduced in a dose-related manner the accumulation of lipid droplets; however no effect on lipolysis was observed. Conclusions Sage MetOH extract at low dose exhibits similar effects to rosiglitazone. It improves insulin sensitivity, inhibits lipogenesis in adipocytes and reduces inflammation as judged by plasma cytokines. Sage presents an alternative to pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diabetes and associated inflammation.

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CML derived exosomes promote tumor favorable functional performance in T cells

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08734-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nazli Jafarzadeh ◽

Mohammad Ali Gholampour ◽

Mohammad-Reza Alivand ◽

Saeideh Kavousi ◽

Laleh Arzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

T Cells ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

No Production ◽

Intracellular Ros ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Leukemic cells facilitate the creation of the tumor-favorable microenvironment in the bone marrow niche using their secreted factors. There are not comprehensive details about immunosuppressive properties of chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived exosomes in the bone marrow stromal and immune compartment. We explained here that K562-derived exosomes could affect the gene expression, cytokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and redox potential of human primary cord blood-derived T cells (CB T cells). Methods Human primary cord blood-derived T cells were treated with K562-derived exosomes. We evaluated the expression variation of some critical genes activated in suppressor T cells. The alterations of some inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels were assessed using ELISA assay and real-time PCR. Finally, NO production and intracellular ROS level in CB T cells were evaluated using Greiss assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results Our results showed the over-expression of the genes involved in inhibitory T cells, including NQO1, PD1, and FoxP3. In contrast, genes involved in T cell activation such as CD3d and NFATc3 have been reduced significantly. Also, the expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNAs were significantly up-regulated in these cells upon exosome treatment. In addition, secretion of the interleukin 10, interleukin 6, and interleukin 17 (IL-17) proteins increased in T cells exposed to K562-derived exosomes. Finally, K562-derived exosomes induce significant changes in the NO production and intracellular ROS levels in CB T cells. Conclusions These results demonstrate that K562-derived exosomes stimulate the immunosuppressive properties in CB-derived T cells by inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, reducting ROS levels, and arising of NO synthesis in these cells. Moreover, considering the elevation of FOXP3, IL-6, and IL-17 levels in these cells, exosomes secreted by CML cells may induce the fates of T cells toward tumor favorable T cells instead of conventional activated T cells.

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Edible plant-derived essential oils synergistically enhance the Th1, Th2 and anti-inflammatory cytokines in neonatal cord blood monocytic cell line

Food and Agricultural Immunology ◽

10.1080/09540105.2017.1376039 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 346-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Swagatika Dash ◽

Monalisa Ray ◽

Reena Parida ◽

K. Gopinath Achary ◽

Sanghamitra Nayak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Cell Line ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Monocytic Cell ◽

Monocytic Cell Line ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Prolific Induction of IL-6 in Human Cells by SARS-CoV-2-derived Peptide is Attenuated by Recombinant Human Anti-inflammatory Cytokines made in planta.

10.1101/2021.09.14.460246 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pieter H. Anborgh ◽

Igor Kolotilin ◽

Nisha Owens ◽

Abdulla Azzam Mahboob

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Human Cells ◽

Cytokine Release ◽

Cytokine Release Syndrome ◽

Structural Protein ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Development of efficient therapies for COVID-19 is the focus of intense research. The cytokine release syndrome was underlined as a culprit for severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in human immune responses and elevated IL-6 plasma levels have been associated with the exacerbated COVID-19 pathology. Since non-structural protein 10 (NSP10) of SARS-CoV-2 has been implicated in the induction of IL-6, we designed Peptide (P)1, containing sequences corresponding to amino acids 68-96 of NSP10, and examined its effect on cultured human cells. Treatment with P1 strongly increased IL-6 secretion by the lung cancer cell line NCI-H1792 and the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and revealed profound cytotoxic activity on Caco-2 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Treatment with P2, harbouring a mutation in the zinc knuckle motif of NSP10, caused no IL-6 induction and no cytotoxicity. Pre-treatment with plant-produced human anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-37b and IL-38 effectively mitigated the induction of IL-6 secretion. Our results suggest a role for the zinc knuckle motif of NSP10 in the onset of increased IL-6 plasma levels of COVID-19 patients and for IL-37b and IL-38 as therapeutics aimed at attenuating the cytokine release syndrome.

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EFFECTS OF CD14-159 C/T POLYMORPHISM ON CD14 EXPRESSION AND THE BALANCE BETWEEN PROINFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN WHOLE BLOOD CULTURE

Shock ◽

10.1097/shk.0b013e3180341d35 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 148-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Jing Lin ◽

Yong-ming Yao ◽

Yan Yu ◽

Jia-ke Chai ◽

Zhi-hong Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Culture ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Increased Plasma Levels of Pro‐ and Anti‐inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Febrile Seizures

Epilepsia ◽

10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.02002.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 920-923 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Miia Virta ◽

Mikko Hurme ◽

Merja Helminen

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Febrile Seizures ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Preventive effects of salvia officinalis leaf extract on insulin resistance and inflammation, in high fat diet-induced-obesity mice model

10.7287/peerj.preprints.3086v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Raafet Ben Khedher ◽

Mohamed Hammami ◽

Jonathan Robert Arch ◽

David Christopher Hislop ◽

Dominic Anthony Eze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Low Dose ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Native Plant ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Salvia officinalis (sage) is a native plant to the Mediterranean region and has been used for a long time in traditional medicine for various diseases. We investigated possible anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects of sage methanol (MetOH) extract in a nutritional mouse model of obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance, as well as its effects on lipolysis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Methods: Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated for 5 weeks with sage methanol extract (100 and 400 mg.kg -1 /day. bid), or rosiglitazone (3 mg.kg -1 /day. bid), as a positive control. Energy expenditure, food intake, body weight, fat mass, liver glycogen and lipid content were evaluated. Blood glucose, and plasma levels of insulin, lipids leptin and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured throughout the experiment. The effects of sage MetOH extract on lipolysis and lipogenesis were tested in vitro in 3T3-L1 cells. Results: After two weeks of treatment, the lower dose of sage MetOH extract decreased blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). An insulin tolerance test (ITT), performed at day 29 confirmed that sage improved insulin sensitivity. Groups treated with low dose sage and rosiglitazone showed very similar effects on OGTT and ITT. Sage also improved HOMA-IR, triglycerides and NEFA. Treatment with the low dose increased the plasma levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 and reduced the plasma level of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12, TNF-α, and KC/GRO. The GC analysis revealed the presence of two PPARs agonist in sage MetOH extract. In vitro, the extract reduced in a dose-related manner the accumulation of lipid droplets; however no effect on lipolysis was observed. Conclusions: Sage MetOH extract at low dose exhibits similar effects to rosiglitazone. It improves insulin sensitivity, inhibits lipogenesis in adipocytes and reduces inflammation as judged by plasma cytokines. Sage presents an alternative to pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diabetes and associated inflammation.

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Soluble TIM3 and Its Ligands Galectin-9 and CEACAM1 Are in Disequilibrium During Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Promote Impairment of Anti-bacterial Immunity

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.632502 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Riva ◽

Elena Palma ◽

Dhruti Devshi ◽

Douglas Corrigall ◽

Huyen Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Bacterial Translocation ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Bacterial Challenge ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Related Liver Disease

Background and AimsImmunoregulatory checkpoint receptors (CR) contribute to the profound immunoparesis observed in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and in vitro neutralization of inhibitory-CRs TIM3/PD1 on anti-bacterial T-cells can rescue innate and adaptive anti-bacterial immunity. Recently described soluble-CR forms can modulate immunity in inflammatory conditions, but the contributions of soluble-TIM3 and soluble-PD1 and other soluble-CRs to immune derangements in ALD remain unclear.MethodsIn Alcoholic Hepatitis (AH; n = 19), alcohol-related cirrhosis (ARC; n = 53) and healthy control (HC; n = 27) subjects, we measured by Luminex technology (i) plasma levels of 16 soluble-CRs, 12 pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines and markers of gut bacterial translocation; (ii) pre-hepatic, post-hepatic and non-hepatic soluble-CR plasma levels in ARC patients undergoing TIPS; (iii) soluble-CRs production from ethanol-treated immunocompetent precision cut human liver slices (PCLS); (iv) whole-blood soluble-CR expression upon bacterial challenge. By FACS, we assessed the relationship between soluble-TIM3 and membrane-TIM3 and rescue of immunity in bacterial-challenged PBMCs.ResultsSoluble-TIM3 was the dominant plasma soluble-CR in ALD vs. HC (p = 0.00002) and multivariate analysis identified it as the main driver of differences between groups. Soluble-CRs were strongly correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, gut bacterial translocation markers and clinical indices of disease severity. Ethanol exposure or bacterial challenge did not induce soluble-TIM3 production from PCLS nor from whole-blood. Bacterial challenge prompted membrane-TIM3 hyperexpression on PBMCs from ALD patient’s vs. HC (p < 0.002) and was inversely correlated with plasma soluble-TIM3 levels in matched patients. TIM3 ligands soluble-Galectin-9 and soluble-CEACAM1 were elevated in ALD plasma (AH > ARC; p < 0.002). In vitro neutralization of Galectin-9 and soluble-CEACAM1 improved the defective anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory cytokine production from E. coli-challenged PBMCs in ALD patients.ConclusionsAlcohol-related liver disease patients exhibit supra-physiological plasma levels of soluble-TIM3, particularly those with greater disease severity. This is also associated with increased levels of soluble TIM3-ligands and membrane-TIM3 expression on immune cells. Soluble-TIM3 can block the TIM3-ligand synapse and improve anti-bacterial immunity; however, the increased levels of soluble TIM3-binding ligands in patients with ALD negate any potential immunostimulatory effects. We believe that anti-TIM3 neutralizing antibodies currently in Phase I clinical trials or soluble-TIM3 should be investigated further for their ability to enhance anti-bacterial immunity. These agents could potentially represent an innovative immune-based supportive approach to rescue anti-bacterial defenses in ALD patients.

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