Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Challenge Induce a Th1 Type of Cytokine Response in Cells Obtained from Tonsillar Hypertrophy and Recurrent Tonsillitis

ORL ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Ågren ◽  
Annelie Brauner ◽  
Jan Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Cytokine Response ◽  
Tonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Group A ◽  
In Cells

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptor 4 Gene (TLR4), but NotTLR2, Polymorphisms Modify the Risk of Tonsillar Disease Due toStreptococcus pyogenesandHaemophilus influenzae

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Liadaki ◽  
Efthimia Petinaki ◽  
Charalampos Skoulakis ◽  
Paraskeui Tsirevelou ◽  
Dimitra Klapsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACTTonsillar disease (recurrent tonsillitis and/or tonsillar hypertrophy) is one of the most common human disorders, withStreptococcus pyogenes(group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus [GAS]) andHaemophilus influenzaerepresenting the most common pathogens. Until now, no study has investigated why some individuals are more susceptible to tonsillar infections caused by specific bacteria than others. The aim of this study was to uncover possible associations between common Toll-like receptor gene (TLR) polymorphisms and tonsillar disease. TheTLR2-R753Q,TLR4-D299G, andTLR4-T399I polymorphisms were determined in a cohort of 327 patients subjected to tonsillectomy due to recurrent tonsillitis (n= 245) and tonsillar hypertrophy (n= 82) and 245 healthy bone marrow donors. Associations of the aforementioned polymorphisms with the isolated bacterial strains after tonsillectomy were also investigated. Interestingly, carriers of theTLR4polymorphisms displayed an approximately 3-fold increased risk for GAS infections (forTLR4-D299G, odds ratio [OR] = 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 6.79,P= 0.038; forTLR4-T399I, OR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.29 to 7.02,P= 0.023), and this association was more profound in patients with recurrent tonsillitis. On the contrary, the presence of theTLR4-T399I polymorphism was associated with a 2-fold decreased risk ofHaemophilus influenzaecarriage (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.96,P= 0.038). In the end, no significant differences were observed, considering the genotype and allele frequencies of the above-mentioned polymorphisms, between patients and controls. Our findings indicate that, regarding tonsillar infections,TLR4polymorphisms predispose individuals to GAS infection, while they are protective againstHaemophilus influenzaeinfection. This result further elucidates the role that host immune genetic variations might play in the susceptibility to common infections and tonsillar disease.

scholarly journals Garenoxacin is effective against bacteria invading cells such as Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Iuchi ◽  
Junichiro Ohori ◽  
Satoshi Kiyama
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Intracellular Invasion

Abstract Background: Recurrent tonsillitis is one of the most common otolaryngological disorders caused by bacteria invading cells such as Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and Haemophilus influenzae. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of antibacterial drugs against bacteria that have invaded cells.Results: The intracellular invasion of Detroit 562 cells by five strains of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and four strains of Streptococcus pyogenes was investigated. The antibacterial drugs used were garenoxacin (GRNX), clarithromycin (CAM), amoxicillin (AMPC), cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI), and levofloxacin (LVFX). Both NTHi and S. pyogenes fully invaded Detroit 562 cells in 6 h. Both NTHi and S. pyogenes had reduced susceptibility to CAM. GRNX, CAM, and LVFX were effective against bacteria invading the cells, but AMPC and CDTR-PI were not effective. GRNX was the most effective.Conclusion: GRNX was the most effective agent against bacteria invading cells.

Level of Streptococcus pyogenes in patients with recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 899-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Skoulakis ◽  
E. Tigiroglou ◽  
K. Gkarelis ◽  
D. Klapsa ◽  
A. Damani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Tonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis

scholarly journals Effectiveness of antibacterial agents against cell-invading bacteria such as Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Iuchi ◽  
Junichiro Ohori ◽  
Satoshi Kiyama ◽  
Naoko Imuta ◽  
Junichiro Nishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Intracellular Invasion

Abstract Background Recurrent tonsillitis is one of the most common otolaryngological disorders caused by cell-invading bacteria, such as Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and Haemophilus influenzae. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of antibacterial agents against cell-invading bacteria. Methods The intracellular invasion of Detroit 562 cells by five strains of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and four strains of S. pyogenes was investigated. The antibacterial agents used were garenoxacin (GRNX), clarithromycin (CAM), amoxicillin (AMPC), cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI), and levofloxacin (LVFX). Results Both NTHi and S. pyogenes fully invaded Detroit 562 cells in 6 h and were less sensitive to CAM. GRNX, CAM, and LVFX were effective against bacteria invading the cells, but AMPC and CDTR-PI were not effective. GRNX was the most effective. Conclusion GRNX was the most effective agent against bacteria invading cells.

Tonsillar Inflammation, a Rare Cause of Bradycardia and Hypotension

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
The Other ◽  
Streptococcus Group ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group A

Tonsillitis is a frequently encountered pathology in the outpatient setting, usually caused by viruses [1]. When bacterial, the most common causatory microbe is streptococcus group A [1]. Tonsillar and peritonsillar abscess (PTA) on the other hand are never viral, and are usually caused by streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus melleri, fusobacterium necrophorum and staphylococci [1,2]. The overall incidence of PTA is suggested to be 37/100,000 patients, with the highest incidence between ages 14-21 at 124/100,000 [3].

Etiology, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnostics, pathogenesis of impetigo and treatment methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Laknitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Individual

Currently, one of the priority medical and social problems is the optimization of treatment methods for pyoderma associated with Streptococcus pyogenes — group A streptococcus (GAS). To date, the proportion of pyoderma, the etiological factor of which is Streptococcus pyogenes, is about 6 % of all skin diseases and is in the range from 17.9 to 43.9 % of all dermatoses. Role of the bacterial factor in the development of streptococcal pyoderma is obvious. Traditional treatment complex includes antibacterial drugs selected individually, taking into account the antibiotic sensitivity of pathognomonic bacteria, and it is not always effective. Currently implemented immunocorrection methods often do not take into account specific immunological features of the disease, the individual, and the fact that the skin performs the function of not only a mechanical barrier, but it is also an immunocompetent organ. Such an approach makes it necessary to conduct additional studies clarifying the role of factors of innate and adaptive immunity, intercellular mediators and antioxidant defense system, that allow to optimize the treatment of this pathology.

scholarly journals Streptococcus pyogenes Infective Endocarditis – Association with Injection Drug Use: Case Series and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie T Rebechi ◽  
Emily L Heil ◽  
Paul M Luethy ◽  
Sarah A Schmalzle
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Duke Criteria ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymicrobial Bacteremia ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A Strep (GAS), is not considered a typical cause of infective endocarditis (IE), but has anecdotally been observed in unexpectedly high rates in people who inject drugs (PWID) at our institution. Methods All cases of possible or definite GAS IE per Modified Duke Criteria in adults at an academic hospital between 11/15/2015 and 11/15/2020 were identified. Medical records were reviewed for demographics, comorbidities, treatment, and outcomes related to GAS IE. Literature on cases of GAS IE was reviewed. Results 18 cases of probable (11) or definite (7) GAS IE were identified; mean age was 38 years, and the population was predominantly female (56%) and Caucasian (67%), which is inconsistent with local population demographics. Sixteen cases were in people who inject drugs (PWID) (89%), 14 were also homeless, six were also living with HIV (33%), and two were also pregnant. Antibiotic regimens were variable due to polymicrobial bacteremia (39%). One patient underwent surgical valve replacement. Four patients (22%) died due to complications of infection. Literature review revealed 42 adult cases of GAS IE, only 17 of which were in PWID (24%). Conclusions The 16 cases of possible and definite GAS IE in PWID over a five-year period in a single institution reported nearly doubles the number of cases in PWID from all previous reports. This suggests a potential increase in GAS IE particularly in PWID and PLWH, which warrants further epidemiologic investigation.

scholarly journals Association between Resistance to Erythromycin and the Presence of the Fibronectin Binding Protein F1 Gene, prtF1, in Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates from German Pediatric Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2990-2993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Haller ◽  
Kirsten Fluegge ◽  
Sandra Jasminder Arri ◽  
Brit Adams ◽  
Reinhard Berner
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Fibronectin Binding Protein ◽  
Fibronectin Binding ◽  
Cell Invasiveness

ABSTRACT A total of 301 German pediatric group A streptococcus isolates were screened for the presence of macrolide resistance and the fibronectin binding protein F1 gene (prtF1) encoding an adhesin and cell invasiveness protein. The prtF1 gene was present significantly more often among macrolide-resistant isolates. The majority of these were not clonally related.

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