Serum Acute Phase Protein and Inflammatory Cytokine Network Correlations: Comparison of a Pre-Rheumatoid Arthritis and Non-Rheumatoid Arthritis Community Cohort

A precipitating antigen, rho, was first detected in the blood of persons with rubella and in rubella virus-infected cell culture fluids (1). Partially purified antigens from both sources were examined and shown to have similar properties, although antigen from serum sedimented more heterogeneously, with estimated coefficients from 15 to 21 S, while that from culture fluids sedimented in the 11–14 S region. In each case, antigen was located in the ß-1 zone after electrophoresis in agarose, and at a density of 1.305 g/ml after centrifugation in CsCl. Stability characteristics were typical of protein antigens. Immunofluorescent microscopy revealed that rubella virus induced the appearance of rho antigen scattered throughout the cytoplasm of infected cells. When cells containing antigen were exposed for 24 h to 5 µg/ml actinomycin D rho was no longer detectable, indicating the probable cellular origin of the antigen. Also, titers in medium of infected cultures showed a reduction after actinomycin treatment, but levels of the virus-specified antigen, iota, were relatively unaffected. Rho appears to be a protein common to man and many animals. In vitro, it was induced by rubella virus and by adenovirus. In vivo, rho titers were shown to be elevated after rubella virus infection and, to a lesser extent, after infection with certain other viruses. High titers were also demonstrated in women late in pregnancy and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In man and the chimpanzee, the appearance and decline of rho in the blood after rubella virus infection were temporally similar to the patterns of CRP, although rho seemed to be a more sensitive indicator of infection. The data presented indicate that rho is a newly recognized acute phase protein inducible by certain virus infections and by other unidentified stimuli present prominently in pregnancy and rheumatoid arthritis.

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Inflammatory cytokine and acute phase protein concentrations in the peripheral blood and uterine washings of cows with subclinical endometritis in the late postpartum period

Veterinary Research Communications ◽

10.1007/s11259-015-9635-4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 143-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Piotr Brodzki ◽

Krzysztof Kostro ◽

Leszek Krakowski ◽

Jan Marczuk

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Acute Phase Protein ◽

Phase Protein ◽

Subclinical Endometritis

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Pro-inflammatory cytokine and acute phase protein responses to low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in pigs

Animal Science ◽

10.1079/asc200665 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 527-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

S. Llamas Moya ◽

L. Boyle ◽

P. B. Lynch ◽

S. Arkins

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Low Dose ◽

Acute Phase Protein ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Lps Challenge ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Phase Protein ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractThe objective of this study was to establish the pro-inflammatory cytokine and acute phase protein responses to low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in pigs and to determine whether these immune parameters could also be measured in saliva. Possible gender differences in the acute phase reaction were also assessed. At 6 weeks of age, 24 male and 24 female pigs were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 0 or 5 μg/kg live weight (LW) of LPS fromEscherichia coli(treatment). Matched saliva and blood samples were taken at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 or 24 h after treatment administration. Samples were analysed for concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), the acute phase proteins C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), and cortisol. Low-dose LPS administration increased plasma levels of TNF-α (P<0·001), CRP (P<0·05) and SAA (P<0·05) but did not affect plasma concentrations of IL-1β or Hp (P>0·1). Treatment by time interactions showed that plasma levels of TNF-α and CRP in LPS-treated pigs peaked at 2 h (P<0·001) and 12 h (P<0·01), respectively. Low-dose LPS injection tended to increase plasma concentrations of cortisol (P=0·056) and the response to LPS differed between genders (P<0·05), with females showing higher cortisol responsiveness to the challenge (P<0·01). Males showed higher levels of both cytokines regardless of the treatment (P<0·05), probably due to the inhibition of cytokine synthesis by cortisol. Concentrations of both pro-inflammatory cytokines were consistently detectable in saliva and were present in higher concentrations than in plasma (P<0·001). Hence, plasma TNF-α, CRP and SAA are useful indicators of sub-acute inflammation/infection in pigs as simulated by a low-dose LPS challenge and gender differences exist in the pro-inflammatory cytokine response after a low dose of LPS.

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