Risk Factors and Anti-HBc Reactivity among First Time Blood Donors

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B infection is a serious global public health problem and one among the transfusion transmitted infections (TTI). The prevalence of hepatitis varies across the world. There are several risk factors for HBV infection. We wanted to find out the prevalence of HBV infection among the blood donors and its relevant risk factors. METHODS This is a descriptive study conducted among healthy, voluntary and replacement blood donors. A total of 2400 blood donors were selected for the study by systemic random sampling method. Blood samples from these donors were tested for detection of HBsAg through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to find out prevalence of infection. Various risk factors were compared among the blood donors for positive HBV infection. All statistical data were analysed using SPSS software version 16. RESULTS Total prevalence of HBV infection among the individuals of the study population was 0.45 %. When the risk factors for getting the HBV infection were analysed, unvaccinated blood donors gave a prevalence of 0.6 % (P value 0.001). Prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors with other risk factors were 0.63 % in first time donors (P value 0.04), 7.3 % in replacement blood donors (P value 0.01), 0.97 % in low socioeconomic status (0.03). Where as prevalence of infection among males was 0.49 % and females was 0.26 %. HBV infection among blood donors who were single was 0.34 % compared to married as 0.52 %. Hence the statistical analysis showed P value > 0.05, gender and marital status of the blood donors in the study is not significant for getting HBV infection. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors was markedly less compared to prevalence in south India which shows that donor selection criteria was satisfactory to screen the blood donors during donor selection itself. In the study HBV unvaccinated blood donors, first time donors, replacement donors, and donors from low socioeconomic status were found to be significant risk factor to get HBV infection. KEYWORDS Transfusion Transmitted Infection, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, HBsAg, Voluntary Blood Donors, Seroprevalence, HBV Vaccine

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Seroprevalence of IgG Anti-SARS-CoV-2 among Voluntary Blood Donors in Dubai: Demographic and Risk Factors

Dubai Medical Journal ◽

10.1159/000517456 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

May Raouf ◽

Mariem Rabeh ◽

Suminder Kaur ◽

Ranjita Sharma ◽

Nimmy Thottumkal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Collection Site ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Additional Risk ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Site Type ◽

History Of ◽

First Time

Background and Objectives: During the pandemic of COVID-19, additional blood donor eligibility criteria have been added to ensure safety of donors and donations. The aim of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody in eligible donors and to study the demography and lifestyle of asymptomatic cases. Materials and Methods: One thousand four hundred eighteen eligible donors were enrolled in this study in the Dubai Blood Donation Center from August to December 2020. Blood samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibody. Donors’ demographic characteristics and lifestyle were studied further. The χ2 test was used to analyze the data association. Results: 88.4% of the studied group were males, 85% were from age 17 to 45 years, and 53% were regular donors. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody was 13.5% and significantly related to gender, frequency of donation, collection site, type of donation, and more frequent when donors shared transport and accommodation. Blood group and age had no significant association. 5.5% were found to have cough/fever or a history of contact with positive COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody was 13.5% among eligible blood donors, and hence the current eligibility criteria allow asymptomatic COVID-19 patients to donate blood. The seroprevalence was seen more in first time donors, suggesting that regular blood donors are safer. Additional risk factors related to lifestyle can be identified to ensure safety of transfusion during COVID-19 pandemic.

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Look-Back Study of Transfusion-Transmitted Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Iran

Hepatitis Monthly ◽

10.5812/hepatmon.108002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Fahimeh Ranjbar Kermani ◽

Sedigheh Amini-Kafiabad ◽

Kamran Mousavi Hosseini ◽

Mahtab Maghsudlu ◽

Zohreh Sharifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hcv Rna ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Look Back ◽

Hcv Transmission ◽

First Time

Background: With the identification of blood donors with a subsequent positive result in HCV screening and the possibility of HCV transmission via their previous negative donations, the role of look-back investigation has been crucial in enhancing blood safety. A retrospective study was conducted to identify the fate of blood components from donors subsequently found to be confirmed HCV positive cases with previous negative donations. Objectives: This look-back study aimed to determine the transfusion-induced hepatitis C virus infection through previous HCV-negative donations of subsequent HCV positive blood donors in Iran. Methods: In this study, all serologically confirmed HCV positive blood donors across the country from December 2015 to June 2017 were included. A look-back process was conducted by tracing back previous HCV negative donations of subsequent HCV-positive blood donors to specific recipients, according to the IBTO instructions. The HCV RNA testing was carried out using an in-house one-step TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay. Results: During the study period, 280 serologically confirmed HCV-positive blood donors were included, with 267 as first-time, nine as repeated, and three as regular donors. Of the participants, the first-time donors were excluded, the repeated donors were not eligible, and only the regular donors were selected for the look-back study. The HCV RNA was detected in one regular donor, but HCV infection was not detected in his previous donation recipient. In addition, more than two HCV risk factors were reported by each regular blood donor. Conclusions: According to the results, evidence of HCV transmission via previous blood transfusions and the risk of HCV infection was not observed among recipients. Due to the reporting of some HCV risk factors by the subjects, paying proper attention to the donor selection process is highly recommended.

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Risk Factors and Anti-HBc Reactivity among First Time Blood Donors

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1046/j.1423-0410.1997.7240207.x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 207-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. H. J. Molijn ◽

J. M. Linden ◽

L. K. Ko ◽

J. Gorgels ◽

W. Hop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Donors ◽

First Time

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Hepatitis C antibodies in asymptomatic first-time blood donors in The Gambia: prevalence and risk factors

British Journal of Biomedical Science ◽

10.1080/09674845.2005.11732692 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 89-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C.I. Mboto ◽

A. Davies-Russell ◽

M. Fielder ◽

A.P. Jewell

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Blood Donors ◽

The Gambia ◽

First Time

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Risk factors for syphilis infection in the South Backa blood donor population

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1104192b ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 139 (3-4) ◽

pp. 192-196

Author(s):

Sanja Bogdanovic ◽

Nevenka Bujandric ◽

Radmila Jovanovic

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Blood Donor ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Syphilis Infection ◽

Donor Population ◽

Syphilis Screening ◽

Safe Blood ◽

First Time

Introduction. Syphilis is one of infectious diseases that can be transmitted by blood transfusion. Determining the frequency of syphilis among blood donors and the relevant risk factors is an important aspect of safe blood transfusion. Objective. To determine the frequency and the trend of syphilis infection among blood donors in South Backa Region, to classify the confirmed infection and to describe demographic characteristics of seropositive blood donors and their risk factors. Methods. This retrospective study analyzed results of routine EIA syphilis screening and blood donor data from South Backa Region between 2004 and 2008. Results. Thirteen out of 153,431 tested blood units were confirmed as syphilis-infected. The study found that the overall frequency of infection was 8.47 per 100,000 blood donations, with a trend increase of 2.4%; there was a statistically significant (p<0.001) higher frequency among first-time blood donors (51.93/100,000) than regular ones (2.84/100 000). The highest prevalence was noted in donors aged over 45 years. All cases were classified as past syphilis infections. Post-donation interviews revealed exposure risk in 69.23% of the donors. Conclusion. A higher frequency of past infections detected in older donors is probably due to a higher prevalence and incidence of syphilis in the past. Further continual epidemiologic follow-up of syphilis in blood donors is crucial in obtaining safe blood.

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Behavioural risk factors for HIV infection amongst blood donors in London

Transfusion Medicine ◽

10.1046/j.1365-3148.1996.d01-49.x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 31-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. M. Cowan ◽

A. M. Johnson ◽

J. Wadsworth ◽

M. Brennan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Behavioural Risk Factors

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Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000364 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 130-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Danica W. Y. Liu ◽

A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽

Richard Burns ◽

Rachel M. Roberts ◽

Kaarin J. Anstey

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Well Being ◽

Current Status ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Life Project ◽

Resilience Factors ◽

First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

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SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i8.495 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Anusha P ◽

Bankar Nandkishor J ◽

Karan Jain ◽

Ramdas Brahmane ◽

Dhrubha Hari Chandi

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Blood Bank ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

The World ◽

First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

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