scholarly journals Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome due to Unilateral Anterior Opercular Damage with Contralateral Infarction of Corona Radiata

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihito Yoshii ◽  
Hiromi Sugiyama ◽  
Kazuyuki Kodama ◽  
Takahito Irino
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Pseudobulbar Palsy ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Lesion Topography ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tract Involvement ◽  
And Diffusion

Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome (FCMS) is a rare type of pseudobulbar palsy characterized by automatic-voluntary dissociation of movements of the face, tongue, pharynx, and masticatory muscles. Most cases are due to bilateral ischemic lesions of the anterior operculum, but the syndrome has also been described after unilateral opercular damage, either isolated or associated with contralateral cortico-nuclear tract involvement. We report a patient with FCMS due to right anterior opercular lesion with contralateral infarction of the corona radiata. The patient presented with paralysis of the face and tongue with automatic and voluntary dissociation. To our knowledge, FCMS with this peculiar lesion topography has rarely been reported. We discuss the underlying mechanism with reference to MRI and diffusion tensor imaging.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Attention Associated With the Microstructure of Corona Radiata White Matter

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise A. Stave ◽  
Michael D. De Bellis ◽  
Steven R. Hooper ◽  
Donald P. Woolley ◽  
Suk Ki Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Correlate ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments ◽  
Pearson Correlations ◽  
And Diffusion

Mirsky proposed a model of attention that included these dimensions: focus/execute, sustain, stabilize, encode, and shift. The neural correlates of these dimensions were investigated within corona radiata subregions in healthy youth. Diffusion tensor imaging and neuropsychological assessments were conducted in 79 healthy, right-handed youth aged 4-17 years. Diffusion tensor imaging maps were analyzed using standardized parcellation methods. Partial Pearson correlations between neuropsychological standardized scores, representing these attention dimensions, and diffusion tensor imaging measures of corona radiata subregions were calculated after adjusting for gender and IQ. Significant correlations were found between the focus/execute, sustain, stabilize, and shift dimensions and imaging metrics in hypothesized corona radiata subregions. Results suggest that greater microstructural white matter integrity of the corona radiata is partly associated with attention across 4 attention dimensions. Findings suggest that white matter microstructure of the corona radiata is a neural correlate of several, but not all, attention dimensions.

Face Inversion Effect Emerges Under Critical Configural Discrepancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jisien Yang ◽  
Adrian Schwaninger
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Inversion Effect ◽  
Configural Processing ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Face Inversion Effect ◽  
Configural Information ◽  
Face Inversion ◽  
The Face

Configural processing has been considered the major contributor to the face inversion effect (FIE) in face recognition. However, most researchers have only obtained the FIE with one specific ratio of configural alteration. It remains unclear whether the ratio of configural alteration itself can mediate the occurrence of the FIE. We aimed to clarify this issue by manipulating the configural information parametrically using six different ratios, ranging from 4% to 24%. Participants were asked to judge whether a pair of faces were entirely identical or different. The paired faces that were to be compared were presented either simultaneously (Experiment 1) or sequentially (Experiment 2). Both experiments revealed that the FIE was observed only when the ratio of configural alteration was in the intermediate range. These results indicate that even though the FIE has been frequently adopted as an index to examine the underlying mechanism of face processing, the emergence of the FIE is not robust with any configural alteration but dependent on the ratio of configural alteration.

scholarly journals Joint Assessment of Structural, Perfusion, and Diffusion MRI in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Norbert Schuff ◽  
Christopher Ching ◽  
Duygu Tosun ◽  
Wang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Multimodal Mri ◽  
Imaging Markers ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Joint Assessment ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Most MRI studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have assessed structural, perfusion and diffusion abnormalities separately while ignoring the relationships across imaging modalities. This paper aimed to assess brain gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities jointly to elucidate differences in abnormal MRI patterns between the diseases. Twenty AD, 20 FTD patients, and 21 healthy control subjects were imaged using a 4 Tesla MRI. GM loss and GM hypoperfusion were measured using high-resolution T1 and arterial spin labeling MRI (ASL-MRI). WM degradation was measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Using a new analytical approach, the study found greater WM degenerations in FTD than AD at mild abnormality levels. Furthermore, the GM loss and WM degeneration exceeded the reduced perfusion in FTD whereas, in AD, structural and functional damages were similar. Joint assessments of multimodal MRI have potential value to provide new imaging markers for improved differential diagnoses between FTD and AD.

170 Myelination and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Findings in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Neurosurgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
Heather Spader ◽  
Anna Ellermeier ◽  
Lindsay Walker ◽  
Jeffrey Rogg ◽  
Rees Cosgrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
And Diffusion
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