Enhanced Fermentable Sugar Production from Enteromorpha Polysaccharides by the Crude Enzymes of Vibrio sp. H11

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Mingqi Zhong ◽  
Zhong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Enzymatic System ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Fermentable Sugar ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Microbial Strain

In recent years, large-scale outbreaks of the green alga <i>Enteromorpha prolifera</i> in China’s offshore waters have posed a serious threat. This study aimed to improve <i>Enteromorpha</i> polysaccharide (EP) enzymatic sugar production using the hydrolase system of <i>Vibrio</i> sp. H11, an EP-utilizing microbial strain. Strain H11 was found to contain 711 carbohydrate-related genes, and 259 genes belong to glycoside hydrolases that have the potential to hydrolyze EP. To maximize the capability of strain H11 to hydrolyze EP, both the culture medium and the composition were optimized. Response surface methodology analysis showed that maximal enzymatic production from strain H11 was 8.43 U/mL after 26-h incubation. When 50 g/L of EP were treated with crude H11 enzyme, the concentration of fermentation sugars increased by 36.12%. Under these conditions, the hydrolysates were capable of generating 3,217 mL/L of biogas and 6.74 g/L of biosolvents, with increases of 28.17 and 7.29%, respectively, compared to controls. The combined application of the H11 enzymatic system and anaerobic fermentation has the potential to improve the comprehensive application of EP.

scholarly journals Characterization and optimization of extracellular enzymes production by Aspergillus niger strains isolated from date by-products

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda Bellaouchi ◽  
Houssam Abouloifa ◽  
Yahya Rokni ◽  
Amina Hasnaoui ◽  
Nabil Ghabbour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Expression ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
High Production ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
By Products

Abstract Background This work aims to study the optimal conditions of the fermentation culture medium used for the production of extracellular enzymes (amylase, cellulase, lipase, and protease) from previously isolated Aspergillus niger strains in date by-products. Results The five most powerful isolates selected based on the zone of degradation formed on Petri plates by the substrate were subjected to the quantitative evaluation of their enzymatic production. All five strains showed almost similar API-ZYM profiles, with minor variations observed at the level of some specific enzyme expression. The production of cellulase and amylase was depending on pH and incubation temperatures. ASP2 strain demonstrated the high production rate of amylase (at pH 5 and 30 °C) and cellulase (at pH 6 and 30 °C) for 96 h of incubation. Conclusion The A. niger showed the ability to produce several extracellular enzymes and can be used in the valorization of different agroindustrial residues.

scholarly journals Sesquiterpene Lactones from Artemisia absinthium. Biotransformation and Rearrangement of the Insect Antifeedant 3α-hydroxypelenolide

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Braulio M. Fraga ◽  
Carmen E. Díaz ◽  
María Bailén ◽  
Azucena González-Coloma
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Insect Cells ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Enzymatic System ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Sf9 Insect Cells ◽  
New Compounds

Three new compounds, the sesquiterpenes absilactone and hansonlactone and the acetophenone derivative ajenjol, have been isolated from a cultivated variety of Artemisia absinthium. In addition, the major lactone isolated, 3α-hydroxypelenolide, was biotransformed by the fungus Mucor plumbeus affording the corresponding 1β, 10α-epoxide. A cadinane derivative was formed by an acid rearrangement produced in the culture medium, but not by the enzymatic system of the fungus. Furthermore, 3α-hydroxypelenolide showed strong antifeedant effects against Leptinotarsa decemlineata and cytotoxic activity to Sf9 insect cells, while the biotransformed compounds showed antifeedant postingestive effects against Spodoptera littoralis.

scholarly journals Clonal bamboo production based on in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatálya dos Santos Ribeiro ◽  
Alexssandra Jéssica Rondon de Figueiredo ◽  
Gabriela Cristina Rech Tormen ◽  
André Luís Lopes da Silva ◽  
Wellington Ferreira Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Clonal Plant ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Clonal Plants ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
In Vitro Establishment

Bamboo species are an alternative for the composition of forest plantations. However, their potential has not been explored due to the hard time in producing large-scale clonal plants. Thus, the aim this work was to evaluate the in vitro establishment, bud multiplication and ex vitro rooting of Bambusa vulgaris. The first experiment tested different systemic and contact fungicide solutions, based on exposure time, during the establishment phase. Established explants were subjected to evaluation of residual fungicide effect on subcultures during the multiplication and elongation phases. The second experiment evaluated the influence of activated carbon on ex vitro survival and on adventitious rooting. Explant immersion in liquid culture medium added with 1.0 mL of fungicide for 120 hours has favored the in vitro establishment and reduced fungal contamination. On the other hand, it favored the shoot emission of shoots per explant during the multiplication phase. Both rooting induction culture medium and mini-incubator system use were effective in enabling adventitious root formation. The presence of activated carbon in the rooting induction culture medium resulted in a higher clonal plant survival rate.  

scholarly journals Expansion of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Early Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells by a Cocktail of Signaling Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Vahdat ◽  
Sara Pahlavan ◽  
Elena Mahmoudi ◽  
Maryam Barekat ◽  
Hassan Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cell Sources

Abstract Cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are proposed to be invaluable cell sources for experimental and clinical studies. This wide range of applications necessitates large-scale production of CPCs in an in vitro culture system, which enables both expansion and maintenance of these cells. In this study, we aimed to develop a defined and efficient culture medium that uses signaling factors for large-scale expansion of early CPCs, called cardiogenic mesodermal cells (CMCs), which were derived from hPSCs. Chemical screening resulted in a medium that contained a reproducible combination of three factors (A83-01, bFGF, and CHIR99021) that generated 1014 CMCs after 10 passages without the propensity for tumorigenicity. Expanded CMCs retained their gene expression pattern, chromosomal stability, and differentiation tendency through several passages and showed both the safety and possible cardio-protective potentials when transplanted into the infarcted rat myocardium. These CMCs were efficiently cryopreserved for an extended period of time. This culture medium could be used for both adherent and suspension culture conditions, for which the latter is required for large-scale CMC production. Taken together, hPSC-derived CMCs exhibited self-renewal capacity in our simple, reproducible, and defined medium. These cells might ultimately be potential, promising cell sources for cardiovascular studies.

The fluorite vein mineralization of the southern Alps: combined application of fluid inclusions and rare earth element (REE) distribution

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (375) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. F. Hein ◽  
V. Lüders ◽  
P. Dulski
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Southern Alps ◽  
Homogeneous Fluid ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Vein Formation ◽  
Reducing Conditions

AbstractThe fluorite vein deposits of the Southern Alps (Northern Italy) exhibit similar geotectonic, paragenetic, and textural characteristics permitting useful comparison between their fluid inclusions and REE systematics. Due to differing post-crystallization deformation, primary fluid inclusions can only be observed in the northernmost deposit (Rabenstein/Corvara). Here, fluorite precipitated from highly saline H2O-NaCl-CaCl2 solutions containing appreciable H2S. During vein formation the fluids changed from low salinity (≈7 wt. % NaCl equiv.) and medium temperature (Th ≈ 230°C), corresponding to the precipitation of early quartz, towards high salinity (≈20 wt.% NaCl equiv.) and lower temperatures (Th ≈170°C during the deposition of late-stage fluorite. This was accompanied by an increase in Ca in solution.REE distribution patterns for the northern deposits are very uniform suggesting a similar source, a large-scale homogeneous fluid system, and fluorite precipitation under reducing conditions. By comparison the southern deposits exhibit contrasting patterns documenting a more complex history, probably due to their remobilization from an earlier mineralization. None of the fluorites shows a ‘primary’ magmatic REE distribution pattern, thereby favouring a genetic model for fluorite mineralization involving the leaching of suitable rock units by formation waters.

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