scholarly journals Fatal Disseminated Mucormycosis in a Hematological Immunocompromised Patient with Extensive Voriconazole Exposure: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria S. Humphrey ◽  
Xiaoxiao Li ◽  
Sonal Choudhary ◽  
Timothy Patton
Keyword(s):  
Immunocompromised Patient ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cutaneous Mucormycosis ◽  
Disseminated Mucormycosis

Disseminated mucormycosis is a rare, opportunistic, and aggressive infection typically presenting in immunocompromised patients. Herein, we report a 55-year-old male with a past medical history of Philadelphia-negative B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with a 2-month history of non-painful necrotic ulcers on the nose, knuckles, elbow, foot, and scrotum following 3 months of voriconazole (VRC) exposure in the setting of an unrelated fungal pneumonia. Our case reinforces the virulent and often fatal nature of the disease amongst immunocompromised patients, along with extensive VRC exposure as a possible supplementary risk factor. Disseminated cutaneous mucormycosis should be regarded as a differential diagnosis in all immunocompromised patients, especially those with hematologic malignancies or a history of VRC use, who present with cutaneous ulcerations and eschars.

scholarly journals Bacteremia due toLeuconostoc pseudomesenteroidesin a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuko Ino ◽  
Kazunori Nakase ◽  
Kei Suzuki ◽  
Akiko Nakamura ◽  
Atsushi Fujieda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Causative Pathogen ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Leuconostocspecies are vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive cocci. Infections due toLeuconostocspecies have been reported in various immunocompromised patients, but little is known about such infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. We report a case ofLeuconostocinfection in a 44-year-old woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient developed a high fever despite antimicrobial therapy with doripenem after induction chemotherapy. After an isolate from blood cultures was identified asL. pseudomesenteroides, we changed the antibiotics to piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamicin, after which the patient recovered from the infection. Physicians should be aware ofLeuconostocspecies as causative pathogen if they encounter Gram-positive cocci bacteremia resistant to standard antibiotics such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, especially in patients with hematologic malignancies.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: In Search for Clinical and Biological Meaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1388
Author(s):  
Natalia Maćkowska ◽  
Monika Drobna-Śledzińska ◽  
Michał Witt ◽  
Małgorzata Dawidowska
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Distinct DNA methylation signatures, related to different prognosis, have been observed across many cancers, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive hematological neoplasm. By global methylation analysis, two major phenotypes might be observed in T-ALL: hypermethylation related to better outcome and hypomethylation, which is a candidate marker of poor prognosis. Moreover, DNA methylation holds more than a clinical meaning. It reflects the replicative history of leukemic cells and most likely different mechanisms underlying leukemia development in these T-ALL subtypes. The elucidation of the mechanisms and aberrations specific to (epi-)genomic subtypes might pave the way towards predictive diagnostics and precision medicine in T-ALL. We present the current state of knowledge on the role of DNA methylation in T-ALL. We describe the involvement of DNA methylation in normal hematopoiesis and T-cell development, focusing on epigenetic aberrations contributing to this leukemia. We further review the research investigating distinct methylation phenotypes in T-ALL, related to different outcomes, pointing to the most recent research aimed to unravel the biological mechanisms behind differential methylation. We highlight how technological advancements facilitated broadening the perspective of the investigation into DNA methylation and how this has changed our understanding of the roles of this epigenetic modification in T-ALL.

Mature B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Associated Translocations (14;18)(q32;q21) and (8;9)(q24;p13)

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
Cherie H. Dunphy ◽  
Hendrik W. van Deventer ◽  
Kathryn J. Carder ◽  
Kathleen W. Rao ◽  
Georgette A. Dent
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Follicular Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Marker Chromosomes ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract The translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) is most commonly associated with follicular lymphoma but has also been described in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of B-cell origin. Although these ALL cases have had a pre-pre-B, pre-B, or mature B-cell immunophenotype and L2 or L3 morphology, all have been associated with an abnormality of 8q24. In fact, 91% (10 of 11) have been associated with t(8;22) or t(8;14), marker chromosomes for Burkitt-type ALL. The other case was associated with del(8)(q24). Thus, Burkitt-type ALL may have various immunophenotypes and morphology when associated with t(14;18). We describe a case of mature B-cell ALL associated with t(14;18) and t(8;9)(q24;p13). The morphology was suggestive but not entirely characteristic of the L3 subtype. However, on the basis of the cytogenetic findings and the review of the literature, perhaps this case represents a variant of Burkitt-type ALL, which would be important to recognize for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. We describe our findings and review the literature to heighten awareness of this group of ALLs associated with t(14;18). Additional cases need to be accrued and documented to determine the significance of an associated abnormality of 8q24 in this setting.

scholarly journals Deletion of Pten in CD45-expressing cells leads to development of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma but not myeloid malignancies

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (15) ◽  
pp. 1907-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Mirantes ◽  
Maria Alba Dosil ◽  
David Hills ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Núria Eritja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Lymphoblastic Lymphoma ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Pten Deletion ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Key Points CD45-driven expression of Cre generates the first mouse model that allows specific and exclusive deletion of Pten in hematopoietic cells. Pten deletion in CD45-expressing cells causes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but no other hematologic malignancies.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with mature phenotype and MLL rearrangement: report of five new cases and review of the literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Olga Sajaroff ◽  
Adrian Mansini ◽  
Patricia Rubio ◽  
Cristina Noemí Alonso ◽  
Marta S. Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

scholarly journals Nelarabine in the Treatment of Refractory T-Cell Malignancies

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMO.S4364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Roecker ◽  
Amy Stockert ◽  
David F. Kisor
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Lymphoblastic Lymphoma ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
T Cell Malignancies ◽  
Dose Dependent

Nelarabine is a nucleoside analog indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) or T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) that is refractory or has relapsed after treatment with at least two chemotherapy regimens. After being first synthesized in the late 1970s and receiving FDA approval in 2005, the appropriate use of nelarabine for refractory hematologic malignancies is still being elucidated. Nelarabine is the prodrug of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G) which when phosphorylated intracellularly to ara-G triphosphate (ara-GTP), preferentially accumulates in cancerous T-cells. Dose-dependent toxicities, including neurotoxicity and myelosuppression, have been documented and may, in turn, limit the ability to appropriately treat the diagnosed malignancy. This article will summarize the pharmacologic properties of nelarabine and will address the current place in therapy nelarabine holds based upon the results of the available clinical trials to date.

scholarly journals Gemcitabine-induced pseudocellulitis: a case report and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bami ◽  
C. Goodman ◽  
G. Boldt ◽  
M. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Whipple Procedure ◽  
Venous Stasis ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
History Of

Gemcitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent used in a wide variety of solid tumours. Known side effects include a dose-limiting myelosuppressive toxicity, mild rash, and radiation-dependent dermatitis. Rarely, localized inflammation in the form of pseudocellulitis has also been observed. We present the case of a 77-year-old woman with a history of a Whipple procedure for pancreatic adenocarcinoma who presented to the emergency department after the start of gemcitabine therapy with increased erythema, swelling, and tenderness in her lower legs. Relevant past medical history included peripheral vascular disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. A diagnosis of gemcitabine-induced pseudocellulitis aggravated by venous stasis was confirmed after an extensive workup. This case report and the literature review describe this rare reaction, highlighting the need for increased recognition to avoid unnecessary therapeutic intervention.

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