scholarly journals Congenital Laryngeal Stenosis and Concomitant Birth Defects in a Term Newborn: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Patrycja Tesmer ◽  
Katarzyna Wróblewska-Seniuk ◽  
Jan Mazela ◽  
Jarosław Szydłowski
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Laryngeal Stenosis ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Life Threatening

Congenital laryngeal stenosis is a rare and unusual anomaly that usually presents in the first minutes after delivery as severe life-threatening respiratory distress. It may exist as an isolated entity or in association with other congenital malformations, in particular cardiac anomalies. In this paper, we present the case of an infant with prenatal suspicion of tetralogy of Fallot. Immediately after delivery, the patient required intubation, which proved difficult. He was eventually diagnosed with laryngeal stenosis requiring laryngological treatment.

A Case Report: Acute Respiratory Distress in a Patient with Anemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotnala S ◽  
◽  
Wadhawan S ◽  
Parmar GM ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Timely Treatment

Acute respiratory distress can be life threatening if proper management is delayed. The cause of respiratory distress needs to be diagnosed quickly in order to administer appropriate and timely treatment. However, it is sometimes difficult to tease out various conditions that can present as acute respiratory distress. We present such a unique case of acute respiratory distress in a patient with anemia. We show how the ability to differentiate between cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema can help in diagnosis and appropriate timely management of acute respiratory distress.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal Salivary Gland Anlage Tumour: A rare cause of neonatal respiratory distress

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Salma M. Al-Sheibani ◽  
Kiran P. Sawardekar ◽  
Salwa J. Habib ◽  
Hunaina M. Al-Kindi
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Neonatal Respiratory Distress ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Male Neonate

A salivary gland anlage tumour (SGAT) is a very rare type of benign tumour that usually presents in early infancy with respiratory distress which is exacerbated upon feeding. We report a full-term male neonate who was referred to the Al Nahdha Hospital, Muscat, Oman, in 2015 with severe neonatal respiratory distress due to a nasopharyngeal obstruction immediately after birth. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-circumscribed mass in the nasopharynx, without intracranial extension. Histopathological analysis of the lesion confirmed a diagnosis of SGAT. Following excision of the tumour, the postoperative period was uneventful. No recurrence was observed over the next two years. This case report highlights the importance of the early recognition of this extremely rare and potentially life-threatening, yet easily curable, condition.Keywords: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Case Report; Oman.

Necrotizing Tracheobronchitis: Case Report

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-368
Author(s):  
Francis Mimouni ◽  
Jeanne L. Ballard ◽  
Edgar T. Ballard ◽  
Robin T. Cotton
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Tracheal Mucosa ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Initial Episode ◽  
Necrotizing Tracheobronchitis ◽  
Tracheal Stricture

A 33-week-gestation infant with respiratory distress syndrome is reported. At five days of age, acute life-threatening tracheal obstruction occurred, which was relieved after removal of a plug during bronchoscopy. Histologic examination of the plug revealed partially necrotic tracheal mucosa, compatible with the diagnosis of necrotizing tracheobronchitis. At 31 days of age, obstruction recurred due to the development of a tracheal stricture, which resolved after tracheal reintubation (to maintain patency) and corticosteroid therapy. Tracheal stricture may be a long-term complication of necrotizing tracheobronchitis, when the initial episode does not lead to death from obstruction.

scholarly journals Episodic hemilaryngopharyngeal spasm (HELPS) syndrome: case report of a surgically treatable novel neuropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1653-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Honey ◽  
Peter Gooderham ◽  
Murray Morrison ◽  
Zurab Ivanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Cranial Neuropathy ◽  
Neurovascular Conflict ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injections

The authors describe a novel cranial neuropathy manifesting with life-threatening episodic hemilaryngopharyngeal spasm (HELPS). A 50-year-old woman presented with a 4-year history of intermittent throat contractions, escalating to life-threatening respiratory distress. Botulinum toxin injections into her right vocal cord reduced the severity of her spasms, but the episodes continued to occur. MRI demonstrated a possible neurovascular conflict involving the cranial nerve IX–X complex and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Microvascular decompression of the upper rootlets of the vagal nerve eliminated her HELPS without complication. The authors propose a mechanism of HELPS implicating isolated involvement of the upper motor rootlets of the vagus nerve.

scholarly journals Case Report: Late-Presenting Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia With Tension Gastrothorax

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aabha A. Anekar ◽  
Sumana Nanjundachar ◽  
Dhaneshgouda Desai ◽  
Jafferali Lakhani ◽  
Prakash M. Kabbur
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Tension Pneumothorax ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Bilious Vomiting ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Tension Gastrothorax

A congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs when the abdominal contents protrude into the thoracic cavity through an opening in the diaphragm. The main pathology lies in the maldevelopment or defective fusion of the pleuroperitoneal membranes. Delayed diagnosis in later childhood as in the index case reported here can lead to life-threatening complications such as tension gastrothorax and gastric volvulus. Such life-threatening conditions should be managed emergently avoiding misdiagnoses and untoward harm to the patient. We report a pediatric case of an 8-year-old boy who presented with respiratory distress, chest pain, and non-bilious vomiting. He was initially diagnosed with tension pneumothorax, and the chest x-ray was interpreted as hydropneumothorax. A chest tube placement was planned but was withheld due to excessive vomiting. A nasogastric (NG) tube was placed, and a barium-filled radiograph showed an intrathoracic presence of the stomach. A diagnosis of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia with tension gastrothorax was made. The posterolateral (Bochdalek) diaphragmatic hernia was repaired successfully. This case report highlights the importance of including a late-presenting CDH in the differential diagnoses of pediatric patients who present with respiratory distress, chest pain, non-bilious vomiting, and radiological findings suggestive of tension pneumothorax.

scholarly journals Management of life-threatening acute respiratory syndrome and severe pneumonia secondary to COVID-19 in pregnancy: a case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa Yaqoub ◽  
Shamsa Ahmad ◽  
Zeena Mansoori ◽  
Abdulrouf Pallivalapila ◽  
Wessam El Kassem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Obstetric Patient ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract BackgroundAs COVID-19 continues to infect women of all gestational ages; gravida in labor and the acutely ill parturient are particularly at higher risk of infection. No therapeutic agent or vaccine is approved to treat COVID-19 till date. Thus, managing COVID-19 and associated complications during pregnancy is often challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Case PresentationWe narrate our perspectives on managing a 32-year-old, critically ill obstetric patient at 32-week gestation, diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia. Upon confirmation of COVID-19, as per the local protocol antivirals, antimalarial, and antibiotics were commenced. Due to rapidly exacerbating maternal respiratory functions, and potential chances of fetal hypoxemia emergency caesarian was performed. Following delivery, the maternal respiratory functions further deteriorated as she required prolonged mechanical ventilation and initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation until she was clinically stable on day 23. The patient also received convalescent plasma and tocilizumab as a part of the treatment protocol. The newborn was shifted to neonatal intensive care for intubation for respiratory distress and was found negative for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 immunoglobulin (Ig). At day 25, the patient was clinically stable and was transferred to step down unit and discharged thereafter. Conclusion Through this case, we present the thought process, multidisciplinary team-based strategy and sequel of managing a complex, critically ill obstetric patient with ARDS and COVID-19 pneumonia. We anticipate that this case report will assist other healthcare institutions to manage critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Key words: COVID-19, maternal, pandemic, perinatal, ECMO, convalescent plasma, pharmacological interventions.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome during Infliximab Therapy in a Patient with Crohn Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Schoehl ◽  
Nicolae-Catalin Mechie ◽  
Harald Schwoerer ◽  
Onnen Moerer ◽  
Michael Quintel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Crohn Disease ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The occurrence of a noninfectious interstitial lung disease is a rare but life-threatening side effect of infliximab, an antitumor necrosis factor alpha antibody. The following case report of a patient with Crohn disease shows an extremely dramatic progression to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Presentation of Gall Stone Ileus as Gut Obstruction

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Munir Ahmad Wani ◽  
Mubarak Ahmad Shan ◽  
Syed Muzamil Andrabi ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Gallstone Ileus ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication ◽  
Gall Stone Ileus

Gallstone ileus is an uncommon and often life-threatening complication of cholelithiasis. In this case report, we discuss a difficult diagnostic case of gallstone ileus presenting as small gut obstruction with ischemia. A 56-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. A CT scan was performed and showed an evolving bowel obstruction with features of gut ischemia with pneumobilia although no frank hyper density suggestive of a gallstone was noted. The patient underwent emergency surgery and a 60 mm obstructing calculus was removed from the patient's jejunum, with a formal tube cholecystostomy. JMS 2018: 21 (2):117-119

Burkitt lymphoma of the nasopharynx causing life-threatening airway obstruction: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 102977
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Goel ◽  
Andrey Filimonov ◽  
Julie Teruya-Feldstein ◽  
Christian Salib ◽  
Joseph J. Rousso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Burkitt Lymphoma ◽  
Life Threatening

scholarly journals Thermal burns in electroconvulsive therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 201010582110310
Author(s):  
Ernest Weisheng Ho ◽  
Eng Leonard ◽  
Lee Tih-Shih ◽  
Gregory James Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Ignition Source ◽  
Thermal Burns ◽  
High Impedance ◽  
Temporal Placement ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Life Threatening

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective for mood disorders and schizophrenia. Thermal burns, while rare, are potentially sight and life threatening. The three elements necessary for a fire are often in close proximity during a session: an oxidiser (oxygen), an ignition source (faulty electrodes, poor contact with skin producing a spark) and fuel (hair, residual alcohol cleanser). This case report describes one such incident when a patient sustained a burn during ECT, with poor contact of electrode pad with skin, high impedance and an oxygen-rich environment possibly contributing. Given that ECT is conducted relatively frequently (once every 2–3 days) in a usual regimen, we make recommendations for safe application of electrode pads for temporal placement ECT.

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