scholarly journals Optimization for Electric Power Load Forecast

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3453 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Ethmane ◽  
M. Maaroufi ◽  
A. K. Mahmoud ◽  
A. Yahfdhou
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Reactive Power Flow ◽  
Power Load

Load flow studies are one of the most important aspects of power system planning and operation. The main information obtained from this study comprises the magnitudes and phase angles of load bus voltages, reactive powers at generators buses, real and reactive power flow on transmission lines, other variables being known. To solve the problem of load flow, we use the iterative method, of Newton-Raphson. Analysis of the found results using numerical method programmed on the Matlab software and PSS/E Simulator lead us to seek means of controlling the reactive powers and the bus voltages of the Nouakchott power grid in 2030 year. In our case, we projected the demand forecast at 2015 to 2030 years. To solve the growing demand we injected the power plants in the system firstly and secondly when the production and energy demand are difficult to match due to lack of energy infrastructures in 2030.It is proposed to install a FACTS (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission Systems) system at these buses to compensate or provide reactive power in order to maintain a better voltage profile and transmit more power to customers.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF STATIC VAR COMPENSATORS ON POWER SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY

2014 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
GUNEET KOUR ◽  
G.S. BRAR ◽  
JASWANTI JASWANTI
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Electronics ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Load Flow Analysis ◽  
Reactive Power Flow

With increase in load, any transmission, distribution and generating model suffers from disturbances. These disturbances effect the overall stability of the system. Criterias like voltage profile, power flows, losses tell us about the state of the system under study. Load flow analysis of the system under study is capable of providing the insight of the system. The Emergence of FACTS device is really a step forward for the flexible control or Power System Operations. FACTS is the name given to the application of the power electronics devices to control power flows and other quantities in the power system. But when it comes to implementation stage, optimizing the location becomes a great concern because of the high cost involved with FACTS devices especially converter like SVC, STATCOM etc. Static Var Compensator (SVC) is a power quality device, which employs power electronics to control the reactive power flow of the system where it is connected. It is able to provide fast-acting reactive power compensation on electrical systems. SVC is one of the methods and can be applied to obtain a system with least losses, increased power flow and healthy voltage profile. Number, location and size of SVC are the main concerns and they can be optimized to a great extent by Genetic Algorithm (GA) or any other method. Use of SVC in a system has shown considerable increase in voltage profile and power flows while decrease in losses.

scholarly journals Power Flow Management by Active Nodes: A Case Study in Real Operating Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4519
Author(s):  
Stefano Bifaretti ◽  
Vincenzo Bonaiuto ◽  
Sabino Pipolo ◽  
Cristina Terlizzi ◽  
Pericle Zanchetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Network Cluster ◽  
Reactive Power Flow

The role of distributor system operators is experiencing a gradual but relevant change to include enhanced ancillary and energy dispatch services needed to manage the increased power provided by intermittent distributed generations in medium voltage networks. In this context, the paper proposes the insertion, in strategic points of the network, of specific power electronic systems, denoted as active nodes, which permit the remote controllability of the active and reactive power flow. Such capabilities, as a further benefit, enable the distributor system operators to provide ancillary network services without requiring any procurement with distributed generation systems owners. In particular, the paper highlights the benefits of active nodes, demonstrating their capabilities in reducing the inverse power flow issues from medium to high voltage lines focusing on a network cluster including renewable energy resources. As a further novelty, this study has accounted for a real cluster operated by the Italian distributor system operator Areti. A specific simulation model of the electrical lines has been implemented in DigSilent PowerFactory (DIgSILENT GmbH–Germany) software using real operating data obtained during a 1-year measurement campaign. A detailed cost-benefit analysis has been provided, accounting for different load flow scenarios. The results have demonstrated that the inclusion of active nodes can significantly reduce the drawbacks related to the reverse power flow.

scholarly journals Power flow control in parallel transmission lines based on UPFC

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1755-1765
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y. Suliman ◽  
Mahmood T. Al-Khayyat
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Unified Power Flow Controller ◽  
Parallel Transmission ◽  
Power Flow Control ◽  
Active And Reactive Power ◽  
Reactive Power Flow

The power flow controlled in the electric power network is one of the main factors that affected the modern power systems development. The unified power flow controller (UPFC) is a FACTS powerful device that can control both active and reactive power flow of parallel transmission lines branches. In this paper, modelling and simulation of active and reactive power flow control in parallel transmission lines using UPFC with adaptive neuro-fuzzy logic is proposed. The mathematical model of UPFC in power flow is also proposed. The results show the ability of UPFC to control the flow of powers components "active and reactive power" in the controlled line and thus the overall power regulated between lines.

scholarly journals Load Flow Analysis in Hybrid AC-DC Transmission Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 617-624
Author(s):  
Ajith M ◽  
Dr. R. Rajeswari
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
System Stability ◽  
And Control

Power-flow studies are of great significance in planning and designing the future expansion of power systems as well as in determining the best operation of existing systems. Technologies such as renewables and power electronics are aiding in power conversion and control, thus making the power system massive, complex, and dynamic. HVDC is being preferred due to limitations in HVAC such as reactive power loss, stability, current carrying capacity, operation and control. The HVDC system is being used for bulk power transmission over long distances with minimum losses using overhead transmission lines or submarine cable crossings. Recent years have witnessed an unprecedented growth in the number of the HVDC projects. Due to the vast size and inaccessibility of transmission systems, real time testing can prove to be difficult. Thus analyzing power system stability through computer modeling and simulation proves to be a viable solution in this case. The motivation of this project is to construct and analyze the load flow and short circuit behavior in an IEEE 14 bus power system with DC link using MATLAB software. This involves determining the parameters for converter transformer, rectifier, inverter and DC cable for modelling the DC link. The line chosen for incorporation of DC link is a weak bus. This project gives the results of load flow and along with comparison of reactive power flow, system losses, voltage in an AC and an AC-DC system.

Power Quality Enhancement Using the Interline Power Flow Controller

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Slimane Abdelkader ◽  
Chelleli Benachiba
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission System ◽  
Reactive Power Flow ◽  
Flow Controller ◽  
Ac Transmission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Power Flow Controller

Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is one of the latest generation Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS). It is able to control simultaneously the power flow of multiple transmission lines. This paper presents a study of the impact the IPFC on profile of voltage, real and reactive power flow in transmission line in power system. The obtained results are interesting.

Optimal location of interline power flow controller in a power system network using ABC algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sreejith ◽  
Sishaj Psimon ◽  
M.P. Selvan
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Flow Controller ◽  
Power Flow Controller ◽  
Installation Cost

Abstract This paper proposes a methodology based on installation cost for locating the optimal position of interline power flow controller (IPFC) in a power system network. Here both conventional and non conventional optimization tools such as LR and ABC are applied. This methodology is formulated mathematically based on installation cost of the FACTS device and active power generation cost. The capability of IPFC to control the real and reactive power simultaneously in multiple transmission lines is exploited here. Apart from locating the optimal position of IPFC, this algorithm is used to find the optimal dispatch of the generating units and the optimal value of IPFC parameters. IPFC is modeled using Power Injection (PI) model and incorporated into the problem formulation. This proposed method is compared with that of conventional LR method by validating on standard test systems like 5-bus, IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems. A detailed discussion on power flow and voltage profile improvement is carried out which reveals that incorporating IPFC into power system network in its optimal location significantly enhance the load margin as well as the reliability of the system.

scholarly journals Performance of Distributed Power Flow Controller in Transmission System based on Fuzzy Logic Controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2039-2043
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Unified Power Flow Controller ◽  
Distributed Power ◽  
Reactive Power Flow ◽  
Flow Controller ◽  
Distributed Power Flow ◽  
Power Flow Controller

Many of the Power Flow Controlling Devices are mostly used in the Transmission Lines in order to monitor the real as well as reactive power-flow variations. In this work provide an innovative power flow controlling device such as Distributed Power Flow Controller, this device also belongs to the FACTS family. This device is emerged from the Unified Power Flow Controller, there is a small differentiation between both these devices that is the common dc-link. In case of DPFC there is no existence of the dc link which connects both the converters. By design a DPFC device in MATLAB/Simulink to analyze the transmission line parameters

scholarly journals Optimal Location of IPFC That Handles Operating Constraints for Reducing Transmission Lines Utilization Levels in Electric Power Grid

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
S Adetona ◽  
M Iyayi ◽  
R Salawu
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Operating Constraints

The day-to-day increase in electric energy demand with increasing population and urbanization is causing transmission facilities to transfer load at their upper limits; therefore, the probability of failures of these facilities increases. One of the ways of mitigating failures is by constructing more transmission lines; which would serve as alternatives to reduce the transmission line utilization levels (TLUL). However, there are constraints in adopting this method; therefore, the use of Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) has been suggested by many researchers; but very few of these studies proposed the IPFC that has capability of handling operating constraints (IPFCthC) in solving power transmission systems issues. Some of the studies that proposed the IPFCthC use trial and error approach in identifying the optimal location for its injection in multi-buses power grid. Also, some of the studies that proposed the IPFCthC do not employ it to investigate its capability in reducing TLUL. In order to reduce the TSUL in the multi-bus grid, this paper therefore proposes optimal location for the injection of IPFCthC using Transmission Line Performance Index (TLPI) and Transmission Line Reactive Power Loss (TLRPL) in Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) algorithm. The proposed algorithm was tested on IEEE-30 Test-bed in Matlab environment. The results obtained reveal that the TLUL of each of the transmission lines of the Test-bed that is not connected to PV bus is reduced averagely by 4.00 % each, with the injection of the IPFCthC in an optimally location established by the proposed algorithm.

Improving the Performance of Long Distance Tuned AC Transmission Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S8) ◽  
pp. 1133-1135
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Long Distance Transmission ◽  
Reactive Power Flow ◽  
Shunt Compensation ◽  
Ac Transmission ◽  
Economic Constraints

The line series reactance and shunt susceptance can be tuned by adopting series and shunt compensation. Practical, size and economic constraints will lead to limitations in location of the compensating elements at optimal points along the line. While planning long-distance transmission, it is necessary to determine not only the average degrees of compensation required, but also ensure the stable and uniform voltage profile with minimal reactive power flow.

scholarly journals Shunt Compensaton of the Integrated Nigeria’s 330KV Transimission Grid System

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 537-540
Author(s):  
Engr. Obi, Fortunatus Uche ◽  
Aghara, Jachimma ◽  
Prof. Atuchukwu John
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Contingency Analysis ◽  
Shunt Compensation

The Nigerian Power system is complex and dynamic, as a result of this it is characterized by frequent faults and outages resulting to none steady supply of power to the teaming consumers. This has great effect on the activities and mode of living of Nigerians. The research work was carried out on contingency analysis on the existing integrated 330KV Nigeria grid system and to carry out a shunt compensation on the violated buses, the shutdown of Eket-Ibom line being the case study so as to determine the following; uncertainties and effects of changes in the power system, to recognize limitations that can affect the power reliability and minimize the sudden increase or decrease in the voltage profile of the buses through shunt compensation of buses. Determine tolerable voltages and thermal violation of +5% and -5% of base voltage 330 KV (0.95-1.05) PU and to determine the critical nature and importance of some buses. This is aimed at bridging the gap of proposing further expansion of the grid system which is not only limited by huge sum of finance and difficulties in finding right – of- way for new lines but also which faces the challenges of fixed land and longtime of construction. The data of the network was gotten and modeled. The power flow and contingency analysis of the integrated Nigeria power system of 51 buses (consisting of 16 generators and 35 loads) and 73 transmission lines were carried out using Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) method in Matlab environment, simulated with PSAT software. Shunt compensation of the weak buses were done using Static Var Compensator (SVC) with Thyristor Controlled Reactor- Fixed capacitor (TCR-FC) technique. Results obtained showed that the average voltage for base simulation was 326.25KV, contingency 323.67KV and compensation was 322.37 KV. Voltage violations for lower limit were observed at Itu as 309KV and Eket as 306.81 KV while violations for upper limit were recorded at Damaturu as 352.85KV, Yola as 353.62 KV, Gombe as 355.98KV, and Jos as 342.97 KV. However after shunt compensation there were improvements for the violations at lower limits and that of higher limit were drastically brought down as recorded below: Damaturu 329.93 KV, Jos 330 KV, Eket 327.2 KV, Gombe 333.55KV, Itu 330KV, and Yola 330.52KV

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