scholarly journals Fecundity, embryo size and embryo loss in the estuarine shrimp Salmoneus carvachoi Anker, 2007 (Crustacea: Alpheidae) from a tidal mudflat in northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e20185845
Author(s):  
Mário Vitor Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carla Costa-Souza ◽  
Rodolfo Mariano ◽  
Alexandre Oliveira Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Abdominal Somite ◽  
Embryo Size ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Stage Of Development

Studies on fecundity and embryo size have been frequently used to infer about the reproductive potential, embryogenesis, and the energy investment in embryo production in crustaceans. These parameters are relevant to the knowledge of life-history and diversity of reproductive strategies developed by this group. This study addressed the embryo production by the estuarine shrimp Salmoneus carvachoi Anker, 2007, a poorly known caridean shrimp. We investigated whether there was (1) a correlation between fecundity and carapace length, (2) an increase in embryo volume along the embryonic development, and (3) loss of embryos along development. In addition, we investigated whether the esternite length and height and width of the pleura of the second abdominal somite were good predictors of fecundity. A total of 53 embryo-carrying individuals were collected in December 2016 and February 2017 in a tidal mudflat from the estuary of the Paripe River, Ilha de Itamaracá, Pernambuco, Brazil. The carapace length ranged from 3.23 to 4.64 mm (3.78 ± 0.26 mm). Among those, 25 individuals had embryos in initial stage, 5 in intermediate stage and 15 in final stage. Fecundity ranged from 14 to 67 (33.65 ± 12.51 embryos) and was weakly correlated with carapace length. However, fecundity was strongly correlated with the width of the second sternite and width of the pleura of the second abdominal somite. Embryo volume increased markedly (93%) from the initial to the final stage of development. This increase might be due to water uptake to facilitate the membrane rupture at the onset of larvae hatching. There was significant loss of embryos only between the initial and intermediate stage. Future studies on the embryo production by other species of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 are necessary to understand and compare these aspects of reproductive biology.

scholarly journals The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cannavale ◽  
Francesco Martellotta ◽  
Francesco Fiorito ◽  
Ubaldo Ayr
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Accurate Description ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Open Issues

This paper holds a critical review of current research activities dealing with smart architectural glazing worldwide. Hereafter, the main trends are analyzed and critically reported, with open issues, challenges, and opportunities, providing an accurate description of technological evolution of devices in time. This manuscript deals with some well-known, highly performing technologies, such as semitransparent photovoltaics and novel photoelectrochromic devices, the readiest, probably, to reach the final stage of development, to disclose the manifold advantages of multifunctional, smart glazing. The complex, overall effects of their building integration are also reported, especially regarding energy balance and indoor visual comfort in buildings.

scholarly journals Effect of insulin–transferrin–selenium (ITS) and l-ascorbic acid (AA) during in vitro maturation on in vitro bovine embryo development

Zygote ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 890-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L.S. Guimarães ◽  
S.A. Pereira ◽  
M. N. Diógenes ◽  
M.A.N. Dode
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Total Cell Number ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Embryo Size ◽  
Blastocyst Rate

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding a combination of insulin, transferrin and selenium (ITS) and l-ascorbic acid (AA) during in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro culture (IVC) on in vitro embryo production. To verify the effect of the supplements, cleavage and blastocyst rates, embryo size and total cell number were performed. Embryonic development data, embryo size categorization and kinetics of maturation were analyzed by chi-squared test, while the total cell number was analyzed by a Kruskal–Wallis test (P < 0.05). When ITS was present during IVM, IVC or the entire culture, all treatments had a cleavage and blastocyst rates and embryo quality, similar to those of the control group (P < 0.05). Supplementation of IVM medium with ITS and AA for 12 h or 24 h showed that the last 12 h increased embryo production (51.6%; n = 220) on D7 compared with the control (39.5%; n = 213). However, no improvement was observed in blastocyst rate when less competent oocytes, obtained from 1–3 mm follicles, were exposed to ITS + AA for the last 12 h of IVM, with a blastocyst rate of 14.9% (n = 47) compared with 61.0% (n = 141) in the control group. The results suggest that the addition of ITS alone did not affect embryo production; however, when combined with AA in the last 12 h of maturation, there was improvement in the quantity and quality of embryos produced. Furthermore, the use of ITS and AA during IVM did not improve the competence of oocytes obtained from small follicles.

scholarly journals METHODS OF MAINTAINING THE PROJECT LEVELS OF GAS PRODUCTION AT THE FINAL STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF DEPOSITS

2017 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
E. V. Panikarovskii ◽  
V. V. Panikarovskii
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Surfactant Solutions ◽  
Gas Flow Velocity

In the case of self-kill of wells, the gas flow velocity in the lifting column is not sufficient for carrying to the surface of the liquid, accumulated in the wellbore. To remove liquid from the bottom of wells, solid and liquid surfactants are used. As a result of conducted studies of surfactant compositions, the components of surfactant solutions were chosen to remove liquid from the bottom of wells.

233 ANTI-MÜLLERIAN HORMONE AS A PREDICTIVE ENDOCRINE MARKER FOR SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN BEEF CATTLE

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
K. Center ◽  
D. Dixon ◽  
R. Rorie
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Donor Cows

A study investigated the use of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and/or follicle counts as a predictor of subsequent superovulatory response and embryo production in 79 beef cows. Before initiation of superovulation, ultrasonography was used to scan the ovaries of each donor cow to record the number of 3 to 5 mm follicles present, and a blood sample was collected for measure of serum AMH. At the time of embryo collection, the ovaries of donor cows were palpated to estimate the number of corpora lutea (CL) present on each ovary. Recovered embryos were evaluated for stage of development and morphological quality. Across cows, serum AMH ranged from 0.013 to 0.898 ng mL–1, with a mean of 0.293 ng mL–1. The distribution of AMH concentrations was divided into quartiles (AMH Q1 through Q4, with Q1 the lowest and Q4 the highest, ng mL–1) for analysis (ANOVA). Number of donors/collections in AMH Q1 through Q4 was 26, 22, 24, and 24, respectively. Donor cows in AMH Q4 had a greater (P < 0.001) number of 3- to 5-mm follicles at the start of superovulation than did donors in either Q1 or Q2. At embryo collection, cows in AMH Q3 and 4 had more (P < 0.001) palpable CL than cows in AMH Q1. The mean number of embryos recovered from donor cows in AMH Q4 (20.1 ± 1.8) was greater (P < 0.001) than those recovered from cows in either AMH Q1 (9.8 ± 1.8) or 2 (9.4 ± 1.9), but similar to that of AMH Q3 (15.5 ± 1.8). Percentages of recovered embryos classified as transferrable, degenerate, or unfertilized were similar (P ≥ 0.275) across AMH quartiles. Analysis indicated that AMH was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with mean follicles (r = 0.458), CL (r = 0.452), and embryos recovered (r = 0.430). To determine if follicle counts at the start of superovulation are predictive of superovulatory response, the distribution of follicle counts was divided into quartiles (F Q1 through Q4, with Q1 the lowest and Q4 the highest) for analysis. Donor cows with higher follicle counts (F Q3 and 4) at the start of superovulation had more (P < 0.001) palpable CL at embryo collection than donor cows in F Q1 or 2. More (P < 0.001) embryos (20.0 ± 2.2 v. 9.6 ± 1.8 and 11.6 ± 1.6) were recovered from cows with the highest follicle counts (F Q4) compared with cows having lower (F Q1 and 2) follicle counts, respectively. The percentage of transferable embryos and unfertilized ova were similar (P ≥ 0.688) across follicle count quartiles. As was noted for AMH, mean number of follicles at the start of superovulation was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with mean CL (r = 0.556) and mean embryos (r = 0.423) but not percentages of viable or degenerate embryos or unfertilized oocytes (P ≥ 0.153). Results confirm that relative AMH concentration was positively correlated with number of small antral follicles in the ovaries of cows and might be used to either predict superovulatory response or possibly adjust superovulatory regimen to improve superovulatory response. Further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of using either AMH concentration or follicle counts to adjust superovulatory regimens.

Miicrostructural Evolutiion Duriing Sinteriing

1991 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Page ◽  
Y. M. Pan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Pore Surface ◽  
Pore Density ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Pore Evolution ◽  
Pore Surface Area

ABSTRACTSmall-angle scattering techniques have been used in a number of studies to characterize pore evolution in ceramic compacts. Parameters characterizing the pore distribution, such as total pore surface area, pore size, and pore density, have been measured through both intermediate and final stage sintering. A review of these results indicates that pore sizes were generally found to remain constant during intermediate-stage sintering; supporting a topological decay model of sintering. Pore sizes generally increased and the size distribution broadened during final-stage sintering. The scattering results also suggest the presence of a unique pore surface area versus density curve.

The Apocalypse of Adam and Pre-Christian Gnosticism

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279
Author(s):  
Scott T. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Ultimate Source ◽  
Ring Seal ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
The Temple

AbstractSolomonic legend evolved through four clearly perceptible stages. The first stage found in the pre-Christian literature was marked by the most primitive notions about Solomon-as-exorcist. These legends about Solomon's abilities, however, were controlled by several qualifiers. Solomon controlled the demons by means of his God-given gift of wisdom along with the aid of some archaic talismans. The second evolutionary stage which spanned the first and second centuries A.D. expanded the theme of Solomon-as-exorcist. Solomon controlled the demons with talismans (his ring, seal, shield, magic roots, incantations, magic bottles ...), but God was still seen as the ultimate source of his power. Demons were used by the exorcist solely to help build the Temple in Jerusalem. The third stage, from the late second through the fourth centuries, was a watershed in the development of Solomonic legend. Solomon-the-magician extraordinaire was first attested at this date. Solomon's source of power was no longer readily identified with God. At this stage, demons were used by Solomon to accomplish manifold tasks. The final stage of development, dominated by Muslim adaptations, expanded the theme of Solomon-the-wizard and the idea of subservient demons, to imaginative heights.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Positive and the Negative Evidences in Learning English ‘to’ with Manner-of-Motion to Goal Constructions by L1 Saudi Arabic Speakers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Hanan Mohammed Kabli
Keyword(s):  
First Language ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Boundary Crossing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Evidence ◽  
Positive Evidence ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Saudi Arabic

The present study investigates the effect of the first language (L1) on learners by using the negative and the positive evidence in the classrooms while teaching English directional prepositions such as &lsquo;to&rsquo; and &lsquo;into&rsquo;. It is assumed that Arabic has two versions of &lsquo;to&rsquo;. It has the directional interpretation without boundary-crossing which is equivalent to the English &lsquo;to&rsquo;; whereas, it also denotes a similar interpretation to English directional preposition &lsquo;into&rsquo; which is unavailable in Arabic and involves boundary-crossing. The study considers two groups to examine the effect of the overlaps, who are at an intermediate stage of development; the experiment group (E.G.) and the control group (C.G.). The control group is the base to measure the effectiveness of the treatments on the experiment groups&rsquo; judgments. Hence, an Acceptability Judgment Task is devised to elicit participants&rsquo; judgments on the task items in the pretest and the posttest. Results show clear advantage of the negative evidence in the experiment group&rsquo;s performance in the posttest in learning &lsquo;to&rsquo; with and without boundary-crossing. There is a difference in the experiment group&rsquo;s performance in the posttest in learning &lsquo;into&rsquo; with the boundary-crossing event after receiving the positive evidence. Similarly, a difference was observed in the experiment group&rsquo;s judgment with those of the control group in the comparison between &lsquo;to&rsquo; and &lsquo;into&rsquo; with the boundary-crossing event in the posttest.

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