Numerical Modeling of the Water–Gas Stimulation of a Gas–Condensate Stratum in the Final Stage of Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1214-1223
Author(s):  
Kh. A. Feizullaev ◽  
M. S. Khalilov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Stimulation Of

Increase of condensation for gas-condensate discharges at the finishing stage of development

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
M.S. Khalilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Exchange ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Reservoir Development ◽  
Condensate Reservoir ◽  
Continuous Mass ◽  
Filtration Model

Based on a two-phase multicomponent filtration model, the process of retrograde condensate extraction at the final stage of the development of a gas-condensate reservoir was investigated, with the creation of a volume of ethane rims in the reservoir with subsequent injection of the separated gas. It has been established that ethane dissolves in a retrograde condensate during continuous mass exchange between the phases of the system, creates a shaft of liquid hydrocarbons higher than critical at the front of displacement, at which two-phase filtration begins, which allows for the development of reserves of retrograde hydrocarbon condensate and, ultimately, provides effective reservoir development.

scholarly journals The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cannavale ◽  
Francesco Martellotta ◽  
Francesco Fiorito ◽  
Ubaldo Ayr
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Accurate Description ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Open Issues

This paper holds a critical review of current research activities dealing with smart architectural glazing worldwide. Hereafter, the main trends are analyzed and critically reported, with open issues, challenges, and opportunities, providing an accurate description of technological evolution of devices in time. This manuscript deals with some well-known, highly performing technologies, such as semitransparent photovoltaics and novel photoelectrochromic devices, the readiest, probably, to reach the final stage of development, to disclose the manifold advantages of multifunctional, smart glazing. The complex, overall effects of their building integration are also reported, especially regarding energy balance and indoor visual comfort in buildings.

Forecasting the Water Flooding for the Production Wells of a Gas Condensate Field with a Fractured Reservoir Type

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Dmitrievich Gladkov ◽  
Anastasiia Vladimirovna Zheltikova
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Fractured Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Fractured Reservoir ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio

Abstract As is known, fractured reservoirs compared to conventional reservoirs have such features as complex pore volume structure, high heterogeneity of the porosity and permeability properties etc. Apart from this, the productivity of a specific well is defined above all by the number of natural fractures penetrated by the wellbore and their properties. Development of fractured reservoirs is associated with a number of issues, one of which is related to uneven and accelerated water flooding due to water breakthrough through fractures to the wellbores, for this reason it becomes difficult to forecast the well performance. Under conditions of lack of information on the reservoir structure and aquifer activity, the 3D digital models of the field generated using the hydrodynamic simulators may feature insufficient predictive capability. However, forecasting of breakthroughs is important in terms of generating reliable HC and water production profiles and decision-making on reservoir management and field facilities for produced water treatment. Identification of possible sources of water flooding and planning of individual parameters of production well operation for the purpose of extending the water-free operation period play significant role in the development of these reservoirs. The purpose of this study is to describe the results of the hydrochemical monitoring to forecast the water flooding of the wells that penetrated a fractured reservoir on the example of a gas condensate field in Bolivia. The study contains data on the field development status and associated difficulties and uncertainties. The initial data were results of monthly analyses of the produced water and the water-gas ratio dynamics that were analyzed and compared to the data on the analogue fields. The data analysis demonstrated that first signs of water flooding for the wells of the field under study may be diagnosed through the monitoring of the produced water mineralization - the water-gas ratio (WGR) increase is preceded by the mineralization increase that may be observed approximately a month earlier. However, the data on the analogue fields shows that this period may be longer – from few months to two years. Thus, the hydrochemical method within integrated monitoring of development of a field with a fractured reservoir could be one of the efficient methods to timely adjust the well operation parameters and may extend the water-free period of its operation.

scholarly journals EXPLOITATION OF GAS WELLS IN LATE STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF GAS FIELDS

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Panikarovskii ◽  
E. V. Panikarovskii
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Bottom Hole ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Foam Forming ◽  
Gas Fields

At late stage of development of gas fields they need to solve the specific issues of increasing the production rate of wells and decreasing water cut. The available experience of development of gas and gas condensate fields proves, that the most effective method of removing of water, accumulating in wells, is an injection into the bottom hole zone of foam-forming compositions, based on surfactants. The most technological in the application was the use of solid and liquid surfactants. Installation in wells of lift columns of smaller diameter ensured the removal of liquid from the bottom hole of wells, but after few month of exploitation the conditions of removal of liquid from the bottom hole of wells deteriorate. The technologies of concentric lift systems and plunger-lift systems are used in small number of wells. The basic technology for removal of liquid from bottom hole of gas wells at present time is the technology of treatment of bottom hole of wells with solid surfactants.

scholarly journals METHODS OF MAINTAINING THE PROJECT LEVELS OF GAS PRODUCTION AT THE FINAL STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF DEPOSITS

2017 ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
E. V. Panikarovskii ◽  
V. V. Panikarovskii
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Surfactant Solutions ◽  
Gas Flow Velocity

In the case of self-kill of wells, the gas flow velocity in the lifting column is not sufficient for carrying to the surface of the liquid, accumulated in the wellbore. To remove liquid from the bottom of wells, solid and liquid surfactants are used. As a result of conducted studies of surfactant compositions, the components of surfactant solutions were chosen to remove liquid from the bottom of wells.

The Apocalypse of Adam and Pre-Christian Gnosticism

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279
Author(s):  
Scott T. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Ultimate Source ◽  
Ring Seal ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
The Temple

AbstractSolomonic legend evolved through four clearly perceptible stages. The first stage found in the pre-Christian literature was marked by the most primitive notions about Solomon-as-exorcist. These legends about Solomon's abilities, however, were controlled by several qualifiers. Solomon controlled the demons by means of his God-given gift of wisdom along with the aid of some archaic talismans. The second evolutionary stage which spanned the first and second centuries A.D. expanded the theme of Solomon-as-exorcist. Solomon controlled the demons with talismans (his ring, seal, shield, magic roots, incantations, magic bottles ...), but God was still seen as the ultimate source of his power. Demons were used by the exorcist solely to help build the Temple in Jerusalem. The third stage, from the late second through the fourth centuries, was a watershed in the development of Solomonic legend. Solomon-the-magician extraordinaire was first attested at this date. Solomon's source of power was no longer readily identified with God. At this stage, demons were used by Solomon to accomplish manifold tasks. The final stage of development, dominated by Muslim adaptations, expanded the theme of Solomon-the-wizard and the idea of subservient demons, to imaginative heights.

scholarly journals Rabbiteye Blueberry Postharvest Fruit Quality and Stimulation of Ethylene Production by 1-Methylcyclopropene

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1278-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan D. MacLean ◽  
D. Scott NeSmith
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Treatment Recommendation ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Climacteric Stage ◽  
Stimulation Of

A postharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment was evaluated for its ability to maintain firmness and delay the ripening of rabbiteye blueberries. Three cultivars, Austin, Brightwell, and Premier, were harvested by hand from the UGA Alapaha Blueberry Farm and treated overnight with 1 μL·L−1 1-MCP as field heat was being removed [0 to 1 °C, 90% to 95% relative humidity (RH)]. Fruit were evaluated for firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), total acidity (TA), ethylene production, and other quality attributes at 0, 1, and 2 weeks after harvest as well as 1 or 4 days post-removal evaluations at room temperature (≈21 °C). In general, the 1-MCP treatment resulted in the stimulation of ethylene production in all three cultivars but had minimal effect on TSS and TA content. Furthermore, the treatment resulted in an accelerated loss of firmness in ‘Brightwell’. The lack of inhibition of fruit ripening likely related to the fact that blueberries were harvested, and subsequently treated with 1-MCP, at a post-climacteric stage of development. Based on current results, more information is required regarding ethylene production during rabbiteye blueberry fruit maturation before establishing a 1-MCP treatment recommendation for use by the rabbiteye blueberry industry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document