scholarly journals Molar-incisor enamel hypomineralization cross-sectional prevalence evaluation in oral-breathing allergic children

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Frascino ◽  
Alexandre Frascino ◽  
Karla Mayra Rezende ◽  
José Carlos Imparato ◽  
Shirley Pignatari
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mouth Breathing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Children Under 5 ◽  
Mih Prevalence

Objective: Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a highly prevalent dental development disturbance caused by dis­rupted ameloblast maturation. This condition affects up to 44% of children around the world and several systemic con­ditions have been associated with MIH, including Mouth-Breathing. It is important to show that MIH has multifacto­rial etiology and is associated with allergic mouth-breathing children. Methods: To evaluate MIH prevalence in MBCS children with positive and negative allergic response to the skin prick test, a cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative comparative assessment was conducted in 23 mouth-breathing children and 25 sex/age-matched siblings. Enamel defects were classified by the modified rate of FDI Development Defects of Enamel. Statistical Student’s t tests were applied to ve­rify the relevance of the data. Results: MIH prevalence showed significant statistical differences in the comparison betwe­en molars, independently of individual age (p = 0.01513474). MBCS children under 5 years old had higher statistical preva­lence of MIH (p = 0.00594). MBCS children with positive skin reactions to the prick test had higher prevalence of MIH (p = 0,023). MBCS children had statistically significant higher prevalence of demarcated opacity (p = 0.00012). Conclusions: Finally, MBCS children with positive skin reactions to the prick test had higher prevalence of MIH (p = 0,023), indicating that mouth-breathing allergy-responsive children had higher MIH prevalence. Our results corroborate our previous hypo­thesis that MBCS children have increased MIH prevalence in comparison to their siblings, with statistical significance (p = 0.01513474). Further investigations with larger samples may enhance and confirm the accuracy of our results.

scholarly journals Food allergies in children: a comparison of parental reports and skin prick test results

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Camilia Metadea Aji Savitri ◽  
Azwin Mengindra Putera Lubis ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Skin Prick Testing ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
P Value ◽  
Positive Skin Prick Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Parental Reports

Background Food allergy is common in children and its prevalence is generally on the rise. Imprecise parental reports about reactions to particular foods can lead to unnecessary restrictions. Since children have specific growth requirements, such nutritional restrictions may have disturbing effects on children’s growth and development.Objective To compare parental reports on food reactions to skin prick test results in their children.Method Retrospective, cross sectional study using patient’s medical record data during one-year study period. Data were analyzed manually and statistically, to assess the degree of agreement (Kappa’s coefficient) and significance (P).Results We collected data from 154 subjects aged 0-18 years. For every allergen assessed, parents reported more food reactions than positive skin prick test results. Allergy incidence were caused, in order, by cow’s milk and chicken (25.3%), eggs (22.1%), chocolate (20.1%), fruits (14.3%), seafood (13%), and saltwater fish (1.9%). Kappa coefficient are all poor (<0.2) and P value are all >0.05 except for chicken (P=0.02).Conclusion Most parents tend to overestimate which food cause reactions in their children, as reactions reported were not necessarily allergenic. Therefore, every patient experiencing allergy reactions should undergo skin prick testing to confirm the possibility of allergy.

Atopy and Quality of Life in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Anamika ◽  
Arunabha Chakravarti ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Positive Skin Prick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test

Background Atopy has been suggested in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), as allergic rhinitis (AR) is common coexisting disease in pediatric and adult patients with CRS. The contribution of AR to CRS is less clear till date. Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine atopic profile of children with CRS and impact of atopic status on disease severity and quality of life. Methods One hundred ten patients, aged between 7 and 18 years of age, diagnosed with CRS based on history, detailed clinical examination including nasal endoscopic examination were included in this cross-sectional study. Scoring of CRS was done according to Lund Mackay Endoscopic Appearance Score. Patients underwent skin prick test against 65 common aeroallergens (1:10 w/v, 50% glycerinated) for evidence of atopy. SN-5 Sinus and Nasal Quality of Life Survey was used to assess the quality of life in the study subjects. Results Positive skin prick test to at least one of the common aeroallergens was present in 58 (52.7%) patients. Most common aeroallergen sensitivity was seen with insects in 48 (43.6%) patients. Patients of CRS with atopy had higher mean Lund Mackay endoscopic score and SN-5 score than nonatopic patients which was statistically significant. Conclusion In conclusion, we recommend that testing for aeroallergen sensitivity and assessment of quality of life should be included in the protocol for diagnosis and management of pediatric patients with CRS. Early diagnosis and treatment of allergy may halt the progression of CRS and also the development of asthma and other allergic multimorbid disorders.

scholarly journals Serum level and clinical significance of vitamin E in children with allergic rhinitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-yi WANG ◽  
Yin-feng WANG ◽  
Chun-chen PAN ◽  
Jingwu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Outpatient Group

Abstract Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) has an increasing prevalence in children and its etiology has aroused wide concern. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum concentrations of vitamin E and allergic rhinitis (AR) to determine if the vitamin E level is correlated with the occurrence and severity of AR. Methods: A total of 113 children were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Sixty-five children in the outpatient group were diagnosed with AR, and 48 healthy children were recruited as controls. All subjects underwent serum vitamin E measurements. Serum tototal IgE (tIgE), the five most common allergen- specific IgE (sIgE) levels and skin prick test (SPT) were measured in children with AR. The severity of AR was assessed with the nasal symptoms score. Results: Serum vitamin E levels were significantly lower in the AR group than in the normal children (p<0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between serum vitamin E levels and sIgE as well as the SPT grade. Serum vitamin E levels were also inversely related to the nasal symptoms score; however, statistical significance was not found. Conclusions: A significantly lower vitamin E level was found in children with AR. Lower serum vitamin E levels play a role in the occurrence of AR in children. However, serum vitamin E levels were not statistically correlated with the severity of AR.

scholarly journals The Predictors of Obesity among Urban Girls and Boys Aged 8–10 Years—A Cross-Sectional Study in North-Western Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6611
Author(s):  
Joanna Ratajczak ◽  
Elzbieta Petriczko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Girls ◽  
Student’S T

Background: Children worldwide are increasingly becoming overweight and obese and developing related health problems, including hypertension, lipid disorders, abnormal glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and secondary psychological disorders. The aim of the study was to determine sociodemographic risk factors that predict an increase in BMI in children at an early school age. Material and method: The study covered 4972 children aged 8–10 years, including boys (N = 2461) and girls (N = 2511). Measurements of basic anthropometric indicators were used, such as body height, body weight, body composition, and physical fitness. The criteria developed by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were adopted. Sociodemographic features were analyzed based on a diagnostic survey. IBM SPSS Statistics v.25 (Mineral Midrange SA, Warsaw, Poland) and IBM SPSS Amos software (Mineral Midrange SA, Warsaw, Poland) were used to perform descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson′s chi-square test, Student’s t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The statistical significance index was assumed to be p < 0.05, while p < 0.01 was taken as an indicator of a trend which was not completely statistically significant. Results: Both the children and their parents had mainly moderate BMI. A total of 78.7% of children were within the weight norm. Among girls, extreme obesity was two times more frequent than extreme underweight. The examined boys were significantly taller, heavier, and had a higher BMI than girls. There were significant differences between boys and girls in BMI; however, gender alone accounted for less than 1% variance. The influence of parents′ characteristics was much greater, increasing the explained variance to 10%. Body weight of mothers and fathers (p < 0.001), mother′s height (p < 0.01) and both parents′ level of education (p < 0.001) were detected as significant predictors of children’s BMI. Conclusions: The analysis of selected sociodemographic and health factors determining the BMI of the child population indicates the need for preventive action and health promotion both among children and their parents.

scholarly journals Mothers/Caregivers Age and Family Structure Predicted Knowledge on Recommended Nutrition Practices for Children under 5 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. p394
Author(s):  
Jacob Setorglo ◽  
Moses K. Klevor ◽  
Philip Narteh Gorleku ◽  
Mirabel Asomboya ◽  
Kingsley Kwadwo AsarePereko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under 5

Introduction: There are recommendations regarding infant and young child feeding and when followed children’s growth are optimum. These feeding practices are age definitive, starting from exclusive breastfeeding, to the transition of the child to complementary foods. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess factors that determine nutritional knowledge among mothers/caretaker regarding children under five years. Methods: A cross sectional study design employing quantitative methods was chosen for this study. The study population comprised 285 caregivers and their children aged of 6 and 59 months. Respondents were chosen randomly from four hard-to-reach communities and two peri-urban communities within three sub-municipalities, who lived in and accessed child welfare services during the study period. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect background and nutritional knowledge data from the respondents. Maternal/caretaker knowledge on recommended nutritional practice was split into two with scores were greater than 7 out of the 13 knowledge items was considered as good. STATA version 14 was used to analyze data and statistical significance determine at 95% confidence interval.Results: The average age of the children under 5 years and their mothers/caretakers were 32 months and 29 years respectively. About 73% had nuclear family structure. Results of Chi square and Fisher’s exact tests for association indicated that, mother’s/caretaker’s age (p<0.001), family structure (p=0.010) and access to media information (p<0.001) were significantly associated with mother’s good nutritional knowledge on recommended practices. Mothers/caretakers age (OR=0.17; 95%CI: (0.70-0.43); family structure (OR=0.30; 95% CI (0.11-0.78) and access to media (AOR=5.12; 95% (2.46-10.69) predicted mothers nutritional knowledge. Conclusions: Maternal/caretaker factors predicted nutritional knowledge when feeding a child in both peri-urban and rural areas. These factors should be considered when promoting child nutrition.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of airway hyper- responsiveness in children with recurrent chronic cough

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha Adnyana ◽  
Putu Suwendra ◽  
Hendra Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Positive Skin Prick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Cough Variant Asthma ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
History Of

Background Airway hyper-responsiveness (AH) is a common char-acteristic of asthma. Patient who has recurrent chronic cough withAH is commonly referred as “cough variant asthma”. Histamineprovocation test should be performed to determine whether a pa-tient has “cough variant asthma” or recurrent viral bronchitis.Objective To determine AH prevalence in children with recurrentchronic cough and factors associated with it.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on 6-12 year-oldchildren with recurrent chronic cough at the Pediatrics OutpatientClinic, Sanglah Hospital Denpasar from September 2002 until June2003Results Twenty one out of 64 (33%) subjects suffering from recur-rent chronic cough without wheezing had AH. Associated factorssignificantly associated with AH were age, allergic rhinitis, pater-nal and maternal history of atopy, passive smoking, use of mos-quito-coil, positive skin prick test, and eosinophilia. Spearman cor-relation analysis between associated factors and AH showed thatpositive skin prick test and passive smoking were moderately cor-related with AH (r=0.56, p<0.0001; r=0.57, p<0.0001, respectively),whereas multivariate regression logistic analysis on associatedfactors found true associated factors, such as positive skin pricktest (p=0.01; OR=14.82), history of atopy in father (p=0.02;OR=22.75), and passive smoking (p=0.03; OR=11.97).Conclusions The prevalence of airway hyper-responsiveness inchildren with recurrent chronic cough without history of wheezingwas 33%. Independent associated factors of AH in recurrent chroniccough children are positive skin prick test, history of atopy in fa-ther, and passive smoking

scholarly journals Prevalence of the use of homeopathy by the population of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Felício Rodrigues-Neto ◽  
Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo ◽  
Anderson Antônio de Faria
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Student’S T

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Homeopathy is a therapeutic system that uses small doses of substances to stimulate autoregulatory and self-healing processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the use of homeopathy by the population of Montes Claros, Brazil, and the socioeconomic profile of users. DESIGN AND SETTING: Probabilistic cross-sectional study with cluster sampling, in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. METHODS: This study was conducted by applying semi-structured questionnaires. The sample was composed of 3,080 people. For the statistical analysis, Student's t test and the chi-square test were used. The statistical significance level used was P < 0.05. RESULTS: We interviewed 3,090 people. The prevalence of the use of homeopathy was 2.4%. The factors associated with its use were female gender, schooling and income. The main reason that led to seeking homeopathy was "Conventional treatment did not have any effect". For 70.2% of the users, the cost of the treatment was considered reasonable or cheap. About 73% were satisfied or very satisfied with the treatment received through homeopathy. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of the use of homeopathy found here was less than that reported in other countries. People with higher income and schooling levels used homeopathy more frequently. There was higher prevalence among women. Most users declared themselves satisfied with the treatment received.

scholarly journals Study of common aeroallergens in children with wheeze: a hospital based cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1971
Author(s):  
Kalavathy Jasmine Masillamoni ◽  
Nayantara R. Gandra
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intradermal Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Positive Skin Prick Test ◽  
Indoor Allergens ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test

Background: Prevention of diseases of the allergic origin depends upon the early identification of aeroallergens. Vaccine for allergy may not be required in all cases. but when treatment is not successful, then there is requirement of the vaccine. Objective of study allergens responsible for inducing recurrent wheezingMethods: A cross sectional observation study was carried out at Departmetn of Pediatric, Shadan Institue of Medical Sciences, Peerancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from June 2017 to June 2018 among 100 children with recurrent (4 or more episodes of wheezing in past one year) ages between 2 yrs to 10 yrs. Using the guidelines for skin prick test as per the European committee, the skin prick test was carried out. Insulin syringe was used for the intradermal test. It is done using standardized allergen extracts (Creative Diagnostic Medicare pvt ltd) were done for our cases.Results: Out of 100 children studied, 67 children were found to be sensitive to at least one of the aeroallergen and 33 children were found to be negative for all the aeroallergens. A statistically significant correlation is seen between the age groups and sensitivity (p value 0.025). Out of 67 children with a positive skin prick test, 66 children showed the sensitivity to indoor allergens. The association between the indoor allergens and the wheezing is statistically significant (P value <0.0001)Conclusion: In children the sensitivity to indoor allergens is more prevalent than sensitivity to outdoor allergens. Sensitivity to pollen was found in older children more than 5 years of age.

scholarly journals Skin prick test reactivity in atopic children and their number of siblings

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Beatrix Siregar ◽  
Lily Irsa ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Sjabaroeddin Loebis ◽  
Rita Evalina
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of ◽  
Skin Prick Tests

Background Some studies have shown that low birth order is a risk factor for developing atopy, although these results remain inconclusive. Those studies put forth the hygiene hypothesis, which states that early childhood infections in siblings may protect against atopy. Hence, an inverse relationship between family numbers and atopy was found. Atopy may be diagnosed from a history of atopy in an individual or his family, and can be confirmed by specific IgE for allergens or positive skin prick tests.Objective To assess for an association between skin prick test reactivity in atopic children and their number of siblings.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in May to June 2010 in elementary school children at the Kampung Baru District, Medan Regency, North Sumatera. Subjects were divided into two groups. Group I had children with < 3 siblings and group II had children with ≥ 3 siblings. Skin prick tests were done in 7 to 10-year-old children with a history of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Skin prick test reactivity results were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results A total of 192 subjects were enrolled in this study, with 96 subjects in each group. Positive skin prick tests were significantly higher in subjects with <3 siblings than in those with >3 siblings (75% and 53.1%, respectively; P=0.003).Conclusion Atopic children with <3 siblings had more positive skin prick tests than children with >3 siblings.

scholarly journals MINIMALLY INVASIVE CIRCUMFERENTIAL ARTHRODESIS OF THE FOURTH LUMBAR LEVEL FOR SPONDYLOLISTHESIS TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Enrique Salcedo Oviedo ◽  
Luis Muñiz Luna ◽  
Marco Antonio Marban Heredia ◽  
Luis Ivan Herrera Alcaraz ◽  
Hugo Vilchis Sámano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lumbar Level ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
High Level ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the clinical and radiographic results of patients with L4-L5 degenerative spondylolisthesis grade I, II, and III surgically treated with minimally invasive 360-degree arthrodesis. To determine the clinical and radiographic results according to the Oswestry Index 6 months after surgery and the percentage of postsurgical reduction in these patients. Methods: The present study was developed in the Department of Spinal Surgery of the Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Lomas Verdes, from October 2016 to August 2017. It is a prospective, cross-sectional, comparative observational study. We evaluated the reduction of the listhesis using pre and post-operative radiographs, as well as the Oswestry Disability Index. Results: The sample was composed of 12 patients, eight females and four males, showing a statistical significance in the Student’s t test, with p=0.05 for both variables. Conclusions: Degenerative spondylolisthesis of the 4th lumbar level is a very frequent pathology that affects groups of productive age and represents a burden not only for the patient, but also for the community. This surgical technique showed a high level of security and confidence for its resolution, showing results comparable to the literature. However, it requires certain technical resources and training to be performed. Evidence Level II; Prospective comparative study.

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