Abstract 509: Accurate Measurement of Carotid Lumen Diameter and Narrowing Utilizing Ultrasound

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya M Sharma ◽  
Tadashi Araki ◽  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
Nobutaka Ikeda ◽  
Francesco Lavra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Lumen Diameter ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Carotid Ultrasound ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lumen Narrowing ◽  
Higher Order Derivative

Introduction: Ultrasound is often used for monitoring of carotid disease. In current clinical practice, degree of stenosis is an important predictor to assess stroke risk. Lumen narrowing from plaque is currently measured via techniques such as computed tomographic scan, magnetic resonance angiogram or conventional angiogram. Duplex ultrasound measures degree of stenosis based on peak systolic velocities and other parameters and only provides a wide range of level of stenosis. Pursuing lumen size measurement in ultrasound via manual quantification of lumen diameter is tedious. Furthermore, non-uniformity in plaque growth makes it more challenging and time-consuming. There has been an increasing interest in the automatic and robust delineation of the lumen boundaries of the carotids and to measure the lumen diameter via ultrasound given its non-invasive and safe approach. Methods: Deidentified carotid ultrasound images were obtained on patients retrospectively who underwent carotid ultrasound at Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan. A higher order derivative Gaussian filter is applied on these images to highlight the edges. Using pixel classification, lumen region is detected and lumen boundaries are estimated. Results: Of the 202 patients with common carotid artery images, 155 were males and 47 were females.Mean age 69 ± 15.9 years. Mean HbA1c, LDL, HDL and Cholesterol of patients were 6.28±1.1 mg/dl, 101.27±31.6 mg/dl, 50.26±14.8 mg/dl and 175.04±38 mg/dl, respectively. Specialist trained in carotid ultrasound manually traced lumen diameter. Automated tracing and lumen measurements were obtained. The coefficient of correlation between automated diameter and manual diameter was: 0.88, 0.91 and 0.93. The mean diameter error between automated and manual tracing were: 0.50±0.37 mm, 0.36±0.34 mm and 0.30±0.28 mm. Precision of merit between automated diameter and manual diameter was: 93.28%, 95.33% and 96.32% corresponding to manual tracers. Conclusions: The automated lumen diameter measurement is near real time, quick, accurate, fully automated and reliable to assess carotid lumen diameter and narrowing.

scholarly journals Light-Emitting Diode Based Photoacoustic Imaging System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Najafzadeh ◽  
Parastoo Farnia ◽  
Alireza Ahmadian ◽  
Hossein Ghadiri
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Optical Excitation ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose: A Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI) as a non-invasive hybrid imaging modality has the potential to be used in a wide range of pre-clinical and clinical applications. There are different optical excitation sources that affect the performance of PAI systems. Our goal is proving the capability of the Light-Emitting Diode (LED) based PAI system for imaging of objects in different depths. Materials and Methods: In this study the Full Width of Half Maximum (FWHM) and Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) of LED-based PAI system is evaluated using agar, and Poly-Vinyl Alcohol Cryogel (PVA-C) phantoms. Results: The results show that axial and lateral FWHM of the photoacoustic image in agar phantom 1%, are 0.59 and 1.16 mm, respectively. It is capable of distinguishing objects about 250 µm. Furthermore, one of the main improvements of photoacoustic images is achieved by proposed LED-based system that is a 26% higher CNR versus the ultrasound images. Conclusion: Therefore, the provided technical characteristics in this study have made designed LED-based PAI system as a suitable tool for preclinical and clinical imaging.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Approach to Angina Pectoris

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Joon Ho Ahn ◽  
Young Joon Hong
Keyword(s):  
Stable Angina ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Stable angina is a chronic, systemic disease with a wide range of associated symptoms and clinical outcomes. Prompt diagnosis can be challenging for clinicians. Typical chest pain caused by stable angina occurs when the myocardium receives inadequate oxygen, resulting in myocardial ischemia. Various diagnostic tools including non-invasive tests such as coronary computed tomographic angiography and image-based stress tests have evolved over the last decade. An important factor in the selection of the proper diagnostic test for stable angina is assessment of the pre-test probability in the event of possible coronary arterial stenosis.

Role of Cardiac MRI in Detecting Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Marymol Koshy ◽  
Bushra Johari ◽  
Mohd Farhan Hamdan ◽  
Mohammad Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Potential Use

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a global disease affecting people of various ethnic origins and both genders. HCM is a genetic disorder with a wide range of symptoms, including the catastrophic presentation of sudden cardiac death. Proper diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can relieve symptoms and prolong life. Non-invasive imaging is essential in diagnosing HCM. We present a review to deliberate the potential use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in HCM assessment and also identify the risk factors entailed with risk stratification of HCM based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Experimental Validation of Minimax Entropy Principle in Ultrasound Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-493
Author(s):  
Neha Mehta ◽  
Svav Prasad ◽  
Leena Arya
Keyword(s):  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Entropy Principle ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Ultrasonic Devices ◽  
Measure Of Uncertainty

Ultrasound imaging is one of the non-invasive imaging, that diagnoses the disease inside a human body and there are numerous ultrasonic devices being used frequently. Entropy as a well known statistical measure of uncertainty has a considerable impact on the medical images. A procedure for minimizing the entropy with respect to the region of interest is demonstrated. This new approach has shown the experiments using Extracted Region Of Interest Based Sharpened image, called as (EROIS) image based on Minimax entropy principle and various filters. In this turn, the approach also validates the versatility of the entropy concept. Experiments have been performed practically on the real-time ultrasound images collected from ultrasound centers and have shown a significant performance. The present approach has been validated with showing results over ultrasound images of the Human Gallbladder.

Duplex ultrasound investigation of the veins in chronic venous disease of the lower limbs – UIP Consensus Document. Part II: Anatomy

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cavezzi ◽  
N Labropoulos ◽  
H Partsch ◽  
S Ricci ◽  
A Caggiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Perforating Veins ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation

Objectives: Duplex ultrasound investigation has become the reference standard in assessing the morphology and haemodynamics of the lower limb veins. The project described in this paper was an initiative of the Union Internationale de Phlébologie (UIP). The aim was to obtain a consensus of international experts on the methodology to be used for assessment of the anatomy of superficial and perforating veins in the lower limb by ultrasound imaging. Design: Consensus conference leading to a consensus document. Methods: The authors performed a systematic review of the published literature on duplex anatomy of the superficial and perforating veins of the lower limbs. Afterwards, they invited a group of experts from a wide range of countries to participate in this project. Electronic submissions from the authors and the experts (text and images) were made available to all participants via the UIP website. The authors prepared a draft document for discussion at the UIP Chapter meeting held in San Diego, USA, in August 2003. Following this meeting, a revised manuscript was circulated to all participants and further comments were received by the authors and included in subsequent versions of the manuscript. Eventually, all participants agreed on the final version of the paper. Results: The experts have made detailed recommendations concerning the methods to be used for duplex ultrasound examination as well as the interpretation of images and measurements obtained. This document provides a detailed methodology for complete ultrasound assessment of the anatomy of the superficial and perforating veins in the lower limbs. Conclusions: The authors and a large group of experts have agreed on a methodology for the investigation of the lower limbs venous system, by duplex ultrasonography, with specific reference to the anatomy of the main superficial veins and perforators of the lower limbs in healthy and varicose subjects.

scholarly journals Non-invasive sensing for food reassurance

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 1587-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zou Xiaobo ◽  
Huang Xiaowei ◽  
Malcolm Povey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics

The main food quality traits of interest using non-invasive sensing techniques are sensory characteristics, chemical composition, physicochemical properties, health-protecting properties, nutritional characteristics and safety. A wide range of non-invasive sensing techniques, from optical, acoustical, electrical, to nuclear magnetic, X-ray, biosensor, microwave and terahertz, are organized according to physical principle.

scholarly journals Nucleation in continuous flow cooling sonocrystallization for coiled capillary crystallizers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Schmalenberg ◽  
Lena K. Weick ◽  
Norbert Kockmann
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Residence Time Distribution ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath ◽  
Continuous Crystallization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inner Diameter

AbstractNucleation in continuously operated capillary coiled cooling crystallizers is experimentally investigated under the influence of ultrasound. It was found that there is no sharp boundary but rather a transition zone for nucleation under sonication. For this purpose, a tube with an inner diameter of 1.6 mm and a length of 6 m was winded in a coiled flow inverter (CFI) design and immersed into a cooled ultrasonic bath (37 kHz). The CFI design was chosen for improved radial mixing and narrow residence time distribution, which is also investigated. Amino acid l-alanine dissolved in deionized water is employed in a supersaturation range of 1.10 to 1.46 under quiet and sonicated conditions. Nucleation is non-invasive detected using a flow cell equipped with a microscope and camera. Graphical abstract Since the interest and demand for small-scale, continuous crystallization increases, seed crystals were generated in a coiled tube via sonication and optically investigated and characterized. No distinct threshold for nucleation could be determined in a wide range of supersaturations of l-alanine in water

Lymphopaenia as a predictor of sarcoidosis in patients with a first episode of uveitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1296-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahriye Groen-Hakan ◽  
Laura Eurelings ◽  
Aniki Rothova ◽  
Jan van Laar
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Erasmus Medical ◽  
Uveitis Attack

Background/aimsThe diagnostic properties of conventional diagnostic tests (ACE and chest radiography) for sarcoidosis-associated uveitis are not ideal. The diagnostic value of lymphopaenia for sarcoidosis-associated uveitis is investigated.MethodsA retrospective study of 191 consecutive patients with a first uveitis episode visiting the ophthalmology department (Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed and compared with known ROC values from literature of conventional diagnostic tests for sarcoidosis-associated uveitis. An ideal cut-off was determined for lymphopaenia by calculation of the highest Youden index.ResultsOut of all patients with first uveitis attack, 32/191 or 17% were subsequently diagnosed with biopsy-proven or radiological diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Lymphopaenia (<1.5×109/L) was significantly more often observed in patients with sarcoidosis-associated uveitis compared with patients with non-sarcoidosis-associated uveitis (p<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of lymphopaenia was 75 % and 77 %, respectively. The optimal cut-off for lymphopaenia for diagnosing sarcoidosis-associated uveitis was 1.47 ×109/L. Lymphopaenia resulted in a 12.0 (95% CI 4.7 to 30.5 fold risk for having sarcoidosis, corrected for sex, race and age at onset of uveitis in patients with a first uveitis attack.ConclusionLymphopaenia is a non-invasive and useful marker for diagnosing sarcoidosis-associated uveitis.

scholarly journals Should clinicians be given hard copies of duplex carotid ultrasound images?

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 936-937
Author(s):  
S Gunatilake ◽  
P Sandercock ◽  
J Slattery
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Carotid Ultrasound
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document