Abstract 6215: Childhood Obesity In Two Communities - Relation to Health Habits and Resources

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Eagle ◽  
Elizabeth A Jackson ◽  
Susan Aaronson ◽  
Catherine Fitzgerald ◽  
Lindsey Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
School Students ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
School Based ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. Middle school children residing in a community with fewer resources may have less opportunity to be physically active or consume a healthy diet which may lead to an increased risk for obesity, and poorer baseline cardiovascular health. Methods. We compared health status of middle school students (average age 12 years) in two Michigan communities; Ann Arbor (AA) and an adjacent town, Ypsilanti (YPSI) (median household income 77,000 and 28,610, respectively). Blood pressure (BP), cholesterol, blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), and self-reported diet and physical activity habits were collected at baseline in students (n=733) from 5 AA and 2 YPSI middle schools. Results. The percentage of children receiving free lunch was higher among the YPSI children compared to the AA children (60% vs. 26%, p =0.01). More YPSI children were in the 95 th percentile for weight compared to the AA children (22.2% vs. 12.6%) and on average had a greater BMI (21.2 ± 4.8 vs. 19.9 ± 4.1, p =0.004) and LDL-cholesterol (99.9 ± 27.5 vs. 91.7 ± 26.9, p =0.005). Compared to AA children, the YPSI children were less likely to consume one or more servings of vegetables/day (67.7% vs. 80.6%, p =0.004) while no difference was observed in fruit consumption. Non-diet soft drink consumption was higher among the YPSI children compared to those from AA (45.9% vs. 30.8%, p =0.002). YPSI children were less likely to report attending a school-based physical education class in the past week (41.4% vs. 9.9%, p<0.001) or to participate on a school-based sports team (65.4% vs. 38.3%, p<0.001). The majority of children in both communities reported watching one or more hours of TV/day; however YPSI children were more likely to watch six or more hours/day compared to AA children (12.8% vs. 4.0%, p<0.001). A similar pattern was observed for video games, with 11.3% of YPSI children reporting six or more hours/day of playing video games compared to 1.9% AA children (p<0.001). Conclusions. We observed a marked difference in diet, physical activity habits and cardiovascular parameters among children from two neighboring communities with varying resources. The local and national response to childhood obesity must focus on these community resources in order to improve childhood health.

scholarly journals Family- and school-based correlates of energy balance-related behaviours in 10–12-year-old children: a systematic review within the ENERGY (EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth) project

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1380-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maïté Verloigne ◽  
Wendy Van Lippevelde ◽  
Lea Maes ◽  
Johannes Brug ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
School Based ◽  
Prevention Programmes

AbstractObjectiveTo identify family- and school-based correlates of specific energy balance-related behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, breakfast consumption, soft drink consumption) among 10–12-year-olds, using the EnRG framework (Environmental Research framework for weight Gain prevention).DesignA literature review to identify observational studies exploring at least one family- or school-based correlate of the specific behaviours, resulting in seventy-six articles.SettingEighteen studies were conducted in Europe, forty-one studies in North America and seventeen studies in Australasia.SubjectsHealthy children aged 10–12 years.ResultsParental and maternal physical activity, doing physical activities with parents and parental logistic support were identified as the most important, positive correlates of physical activity. Parental rules was the most important correlate of sedentary behaviour and was inversely related to it. School socio-economic status was positively related to physical activity and inversely related to sedentary behaviour. The available studies suggested a positive relationship between soft drink availability at home and consumption. Soft drink availability and consumption at school were the most important school-based correlates of soft drink consumption. A permissive parenting style was related to more soft drink consumption and less breakfast consumption.ConclusionsAn important role has been awarded to parents, suggesting parents should be involved in obesity prevention programmes. Despite the opportunities a school can offer, little research has been done to identify school-environmental correlates of energy balance-related behaviours in this age group. Obesity prevention programmes can focus on the most important correlates to maximize the effectiveness of the programme. Future research should aim at longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Dietary Determinants of Dental Caries Prevalence and Experience in Saudi Schoolchildren: Frequency versus Quantity

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abdulkarim Al-Zahrani ◽  
Mohammed Al-Qahtani ◽  
Mohammed Al-Barti ◽  
Eman A. Bakhurji
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. Sugar-added diet has been associated with increased risk of developing dental caries. Objective. To investigate the dietary determinants of caries prevalence and experience based on the frequency versus the quantity of consumption among Saudi schoolchildren. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study that invited 12- to 15-year-old intermediate school students (N = 3000) in four cities in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data collection comprised a pretested questionnaire and clinical examination. Caries was diagnosed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and was recorded as a decayed, missing, filled tooth (DMFT). The questionnaire included questions regarding the consumption of different quantities and frequencies of multiple sugar-containing food items. Multiple logistic and linear regression models were used to assess the influence of sugar-containing food on the dental caries experience (DMFT) and prevalence of decayed teeth. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data at 5% significance level. Results. Of 3000 invited students, 2262 participated with a participation rate of 75.4%. Our study found that the frequency of soft drink consumption was significantly associated with increased caries prevalence (adjusted OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.07–1.65) and experience (adjusted B = 0.46, 95% CI 0.16–0.76). The frequency of consumption of fruit juice was statistically significantly associated with increased caries experience (adjusted B = 0.48, 95% CI 0.16–0.79). The interaction terms between the frequency and the quantity of consumption of energy drinks, soft drinks, and sweetened milk were statistically significantly related to caries experience and prevalence. Conclusion. Although the frequency of consumption of sugar-containing drinks was more associated with caries experience and prevalence, the interaction between frequency and quantity was highly related to the prevalence and experience of dental caries.

Physical Education’s Contribution to Daily Physical Activity Among Middle School Youth

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon L. Alderman ◽  
Tami Benham-Deal ◽  
Aaron Beighle ◽  
Heather E. Erwin ◽  
Ryan L. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
School Based ◽  
Middle School Youth ◽  
Compensatory Effect ◽  
School Youth

Little is known about the exact contribution of physical education (PE) to total daily physical activity (PA) among children and adolescents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the PA of middle school students during PE and non-PE days and determine if children would compensate for a lack of PE by increasing their PA later in the day. Two hundred seventy nine students (159 boys, 120 girls) wore pedometers (Walk4Life LS252, Plainfield, IL) during 5 school days, with at least two of the days including scheduled PE. The least (~1,575; 31% increase), moderately (~2,650; 20% increase), and most highly active students (~5,950; 34% increase) accumulated significantly more daily step counts on days when they participated in PE. Nearly three times the percent of boys (37%) and more than two times the percent of girls (61%) met the recommended steps/day guidelines on days when PE was offered. Rather than a compensatory effect, the most highly active students were more active on school days with PE, even after accounting for the steps they accrued in PE. The evidence is consistent with other studies that have found that PE contributes meaningfully to daily PA, that youth do not compensate when they are not provided opportunities to be physically active in school-based programs, and some youth are stimulated to be more active when they participate in school-based PA programs.

scholarly journals Participation in a school-based walking intervention changes the motivation to undertake physical activity in middle-school students

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e0204098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Riccardo Brustio ◽  
Paolo Moisè ◽  
Danilo Marasso ◽  
Davide Alossa ◽  
Franco Miglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
School Based

scholarly journals Health-Risk Factors and 8-Year Incidence of Kidney Disease in Transitional Thailand: Prospective Findings From a Large National Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Prasutr Thawornchaisit ◽  
Fredinandus De Looze ◽  
Christopher M Reid ◽  
Sam-ang Seubsman ◽  
Adrian Sleigh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Household Assets

OBJECTIVE: Kidney disease (KD) is increasing its burden in Thailand but prospective observational KD studies are few. So we analysed 8-year nationwide Thai Cohort Study (TCS) data on KD incidence, distribution and risk association among Thais.DESIGN & METHOD: TCS is a longitudinal study of the Thai health-risk transition among Open University student residing nationwide. At baseline (2005) the cohort members analysed here were aged 15-88 years and did not have KD. At the follow up in 2013 (n=41638) incident KD was reported based on doctor diagnosis. We analysed the 8-year cumulative incidence of KD and its association with risk factors by using multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: The incidence of KD (2005 to 2013) was 4.0%; the rate in men (5.9) was significantly higher than in women (2.5). KD increased significantly for both increasing age and body mass index (BMI) (p trend <0.001 for both). Its incidence was strongly associated with concurrent diseases including hypertension, diabetes and high blood lipids and moderately associated with increased frequency of cigarette smoking, instant food, roast or smoked food and soft drink consumption. KD decreased with increases in personal income, household assets, walking and physical activity.CONCLUSION: Physical activity, high income and household assets prevented KD. Lifestyle changes such as smoking and high consumption of instant, roast or smoked food and soft drink increased risk of KD. Government should encourage more physical activity and less smoking, salt and sugar.

scholarly journals Impact of Coffee/Green Tea/Soft Drink Consumption on the Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7299
Author(s):  
Joong Seob Lee ◽  
Tae Jun Kim ◽  
Sung Kwang Hong ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between hyperuricemia and the frequency of coffee, tea, and soft drink consumption, based on data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) (2004–2016). We used the KoGES health examinee data, obtained from urban residents aged ≥ 40 years. Information on the participants’ medical history, nutrition (total calorie, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake), frequency of alcohol consumption, smoking status, household income, and frequency of coffee/green tea/soft drink intake was collected. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the participant’s age and sex. Among 173,209 participants, there were 11,750 and 156,002 individuals with hyperuricemia and non-hyperuricemia controls, respectively. In an adjusted model, frequent coffee and green tea consumption did not increase the risk of hyperuricemia, compared to the “no intake” reference group. However, an adjusted odds ratio of hyperuricemia was 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.35, p < 0.001) for participants who reported consuming soft drinks ≥ 3 times per day, compared to the respective “no drink” reference group. Even after adjusting for nutritional and sociodemographic factors, frequent soft drink intake was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. Meanwhile, neither coffee nor green tea intake was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia.

The Effectiveness of Equipment Provisions on Rural Middle School Students’ Physical Activity During Lunch Recess

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
Hyeonho Yu ◽  
Pamela H. Kulinna ◽  
Shannon C. Mulhearn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Environmental Intervention ◽  
School Students ◽  
Baseline Phase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eighth Grade Students

Background: Environmental provisions can boost students’ discretionary participation in physical activity (PA) during lunchtime at school. This study investigated the effectiveness of providing PA equipment as an environmental intervention on middle school students’ PA levels and stakeholders’ perceptions of the effectiveness of equipment provisions during school lunch recess. Methods: A baseline–intervention research design was used in this study with a first baseline phase followed by an intervention phase (ie, equipment provision phase). A total of 514 students at 2 middle schools (school 1 and school 2) in a rural area of the western United States were observed directly using the System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth instrument. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders. Paired-sample t tests and visual analysis were conducted to explore differences in PA levels by gender, and common comparison (with trustworthiness measures) was used with the interview data. Results: The overall percentage of moderate to vigorous PA levels was increased in both schools (ranging from 8.0% to 24.0%). In school 2, there was a significant difference in seventh- and eighth-grade students’ moderate to vigorous PA levels from the baseline. Three major themes were identified: (1) unmotivated, (2) unequipped, and (3) unquestionable changes (with students becoming more active). Conclusions: Environmental supports (access, equipment, and supervision) significantly and positively influenced middle school students’ lunchtime PA levels.

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