Abstract 11965: Cardiovascular Risk Factor Reduction Through a Paleolithic Diet

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor McKechnie ◽  
Madeline McKechnie ◽  
Julia McKechnie ◽  
Ronald McKechnie ◽  
Deepak Talreja
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Health Screen

Introduction: The paleolithic diet consists of grass-fed pasture-raised meats, seafood, vegetables, and also includes fruits, seeds, nuts and eggs. This diet has been shown to contribute to weight loss and mimics the diet our hunter-gatherer ancestors may have consumed. Weight loss is achieved through avoiding refined sugars, starches, dairy and legumes while consumption of protein, carbohydrates, and fat is relatively balanced. Objective: To study the effect of the paleolithic diet on the cardiovascular risk factor profiles of adults in the Hampton Roads area of Virginia. Methods: 35-85 year old non-diabetic adults, with one or more cardiovascular risk factor, were invited to participate. A comprehensive nutritional education program was provided to each participant prior to the 60-day intervention. Baseline weight, blood pressure, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, fasting lipid panel and NMR Lipoprofile were assessed through an initial health screen. Each participant maintained daily food logs and met weekly with the multi-disciplinary study team to review their logs. The health screen was repeated after the 60-day intervention and intake logs were evaluated. Results: Weight loss averaged 12 lbs (6.7%, p=0.092). VLDL-particle number (VLDL-P, p=0.045), triglycerides (p=0.003), and HDL-particle number (p=0.011) levels significantly decreased. LDL-particle number (LDL-P) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) did not significantly change, nor did fasting glucose or HbA1c. Blood pressure significantly improved (systolic, p<0.0001; diastolic, p=0.0003). Participants in the lowest tertile for weight loss had higher baseline risk factors including BMI, LDL-P, LDL-C, fasting glucose and HbA1c levels, yet lower baseline VLDL-P, triglycerides and blood pressure. Greater weight loss was associated with greater reductions in VLDL-P, triglycerides and lipoprotein insulin resistance index. Conclusions: The paleolithic diet promoted cardiovascular risk factor modification through weight loss, improved blood pressure, reduced triglyceride, and reduced lipoprotein markers associated with insulin resistance.

scholarly journals The impact of obesity on cardiovascular disease risk factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The World

Obesity has emerged as the most potential cardiovascular risk factor and has raised concern among public and their health related issues not only in developed but also in developing countries. The Worldwide obesity occurrence has almost has gone three times since 1975. Research suggests there are about 775 million obese people in the World including adult, children, and adolescents. Nearly 50% of the children who are obese and overweight in Asia in are below 5 years. There is a steep incline of childhood obesity when compared to 1971 which is not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. A considerable amount of weight gain occurs during the transition phase from adolescence to young adulthood. It is also suggested that those adultswho were obese in childhood also remained obese in their adulthood with a higher metabolic risk than those who became obese in their adulthood. In India, the urban Indian female in the age group of 30-45 years have emerged as an 〝at risk population” for cardiovascular diseases. To understand how obesity can influence cardiovascular function, it becomes immense important to understand the changes which can take place in adipose tissue due to obesity. There are two proposed concepts explaining the inflammatory status of macrophage. The predominant cause of insulin resistance is obesity. Epidemiological and research studies have indicated that the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction involves the development of a systemic, low-grade inflammatory state. It is becoming clear that targeting the pro-inflammatory pathwaymay provide a novel therapeutic approach to prevent insulin resistance, particularly in obesity inducedinsulin resistance. Some cost effective interventions that are feasible by all and can be implemented even in low-resource settings includes - population-wide and individual, which are recommended to be used in combination to reduce the greatest cardiovascular disease burden. The sixth target in the Global NCD action plan is to reduce the prevalence of hypertension by 25%. Reducing the incidence of hypertension by implementing population-wide policies to educe behavioral risk factors. Reducing cigarette smoking, body weight, blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood glucose all have a beneficial impact on major biological cardiovascular risk factors. A variety of lifestyle modifications have been shown, in clinical trials, to lower bloodpressure, includes weight loss, physical activity, moderation of alcohol intake, increased fresh fruit and vegetables and reduced saturated fat in the diet, reduction of dietary sodium intake, andincreased potassium intake. Also, trials of reduction of saturated fat and its partial replacement by unsaturated fats have improved dyslipidaemia and lowered risk of cardiovascular events. This initiative driven by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, State Governments, Indian Council of Medical Research and the World Health Organization are remarkable. The Government of India has adopted a national action plan for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) with specific targets to be achieved by 2025, including a 25% reduction inoverall mortality from cardiovascular diseases, a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised blood pressure and a 30% reduction in salt/sodium intake. In a nutshell increased BMI values can predict the nature of obesity and its aftermaths in terms inflammation and other disease associated with obesity. It’s high time; we must realize it and keep an eye on health status in order to live long and healthy life.

scholarly journals Relation of blood pressure and body mass index during childhood to cardiovascular risk factor levels in young adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1766-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin R Rademacher ◽  
David R Jacobs ◽  
Antoinette Moran ◽  
Julia Steinberger ◽  
Ronald J Prineas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor

scholarly journals Linking big data for cardiovascular health surveillance – opportunities and challenges using the CANHEART cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chu ◽  
Deirdre Hennessy ◽  
Sharon Johnston ◽  
Jacob Udell ◽  
Dennis Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Prevalence

IntroductionOur increasing ability to link large population-based health administrative datasets to create ‘big data’ cohorts offers unique opportunities to conduct health and health services surveillance at lower costs than traditional methods using surveys or primary data collection. However, comparability of findings from big data with traditional methods is unknown. Objectives and ApproachIn the CArdiovascular HEalth in Ambulatory Care Research Team (CANHEART) ‘big data’ initiative, we linked 19 population-based health databases to obtain baseline and 5-year follow-up health information on a cohort of 9.8 million adult residents of Ontario, Canada as of January 2008. We compared cardiovascular risk factor prevalence with results from 3500 participants in the 2007-09 Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS), a traditional population health surveillance survey. Additionally, we determined cardiovascular preventative care use and clinical event rates by sex and age. Planned linkages to new data sources will enable continued cohort surveillance of population health-related and care indicators. ResultsCholesterol and glucose levels determined from the CANHEART cohort were comparable to the CHMS, whereas blood pressure values and obesity rates were substantially higher. Overall, receipt of cardiovascular preventive care in the CANHEART cohort was high, with 85.7% of males and 91.8% of females having blood pressure assessments, and 67.8% of males and 79.4% of females having weight assessments. Cholesterol and diabetes screening rates among those recommended for screening were over 75%. Incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death was 51% higher among males than females (3.8 and 2.5 events per 1000 person-years, respectively). Challenges encountered in analyzing data included treatment of repeated and time-varying measures, selection of valid diagnostic and physician billing codes, changing coding practices and handling of missing and outlying data. Conclusion/ImplicationsComparability of cardiovascular risk factor prevalence using linked administrative data with survey methods varies by indicator. Selection biases amongst survey participants and different measurement methods could explain discrepancies. The added ability to examine health care indicators longitudinally and by subgroup supports use of linked population-based data to enhance health surveillance.

scholarly journals May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_H) ◽  
pp. H96-H99
Author(s):  
Kolawole W Wahab ◽  
Philip M Kolo ◽  
Mahmoud U Sani ◽  
Njide U Okubadejo ◽  
Johnson O Peter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
International Society ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Opportunistic Screening ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
And Control

Abstract Hypertension remains the dominant cardiovascular risk factor worldwide. May Measurement Month (MMM) is an annual global programme of the International Society of Hypertension aimed at screening for undetected hypertension in the general population. We report the outcome of MMM 2018 in Nigeria. An opportunistic screening of adults aged at least 18 years was conducted in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria in the month of May, 2018. Screening for hypertension was done by trained volunteers with the use of validated digital and mercury sphygmomanometers following the MMM protocol. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mmHg or the use of BP-lowering medication. There were 6398 participants (53.0% female) with a mean (SD) age of 41.7 (15.0) years. Hypertension was present in 36.4% of the participants with 51.1% of the hypertensives aware of their status, 41.8% on medication, of whom 43.1% were controlled. Overall, only 18.0% of all hypertensive participants had their BP under control. The proportion with hypertension is high, and awareness, treatment, and control rates are low. Concerted efforts are needed to improve awareness and treatment of hypertension in Nigeria in order to reduce the high rate of complications associated with uncontrolled BP.

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