scholarly journals Magnetic Interference on Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices From Apple iPhone MagSafe Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahd Nadeem ◽  
Arismendy Nunez Garcia ◽  
Cao Thach Tran ◽  
Michael Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background Magnet wireless charging is being utilized increasingly in current generation smartphones. Apple's MagSafe is a proprietary wireless charging technology with an array of magnets that has the capacity to generate magnet fieldstrength >50 gauss (G). We hypothesize that there is clinically significant magnet interference caused by Apple's MagSafe technology on cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED). Methods and Results This study has an in vivo and an ex vivo component. The in vivo component consists of consecutive patients who presented to the electrophysiology laboratory with previously implanted CIEDs. The iPhone 12 Pro Max was directly placed on the skin over the pocket of these patients and the effect was studied by device interrogation. For the ex vivo component of the study, CIEDs from major device companies were tested for magnetic interference caused by iPhone 12 Pro Max through unopened packages. We found that iPhone 12 Pro Max resulted in clinically identifiable magnet interference in 3/3 (100%) participants in vivo and in 8/11 (72.7%) devices ex vivo. Conclusions Apple's iPhone 12 Pro Max MagSafe technology can cause magnet interference on CIEDs and has the potential to inhibit lifesaving therapy.

The OCIAD protein family: comparative developmental biology and stem cell application

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2-3) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Wulligundam Praveen ◽  
Saloni Sinha ◽  
Rajarshi Batabyal ◽  
Kajal Kamat ◽  
Maneesha S. Inamdar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Compare Analysis

Over the last two decades, an exponential growth in technologies and techniques available to biologists has provided mind-boggling quantities of data and led to information overload. Yet, answers to fundamental questions such as “how are we made?” and “what keeps us ticking?” remain incomplete. Developmental biology has provided elegant approaches to address such questions leading to enlightening insights. While several important contributions to developmental biology have come from India over the decades, this area of research remains nascent. Here, we review the journey in India, from the discovery of the ociad gene family to decoding its role in development and stem cells. We compare analysis in silico, in vivo and ex vivo, with developmental models such as Drosophila, mouse and stem cells that gave important insight into how these clinically significant genes function.

scholarly journals Microengineered biosynthesized cellulose as anti-fibrotic in vivo protection for cardiac implantable electronic devices

Biomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 119583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Robotti ◽  
Ita Sterner ◽  
Simone Bottan ◽  
Josep M. Monné Rodríguez ◽  
Giovanni Pellegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

A Comparison of Ex Vivo Leak Pressures for Four Enterotomy Closures in a Canine Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina R. Kieves ◽  
Alexander I. Krebs ◽  
Eric M. Zellner
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Leak Pressure ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Suture Patterns

ABSTRACT Initial and maximum intraluminal leak pressures of four enterotomy closures were compared. Closure patterns included a modified Gambee, simple interrupted, simple continuous, and skin staple closure. Forty-eight 3-cm enterotomy constructs were created from jejunal segments harvested from 12 dogs. Twelve each were randomly assigned to the four closure methods. Time of closure, as well as initial and maximum leak pressures, were measured and compared. The modified Gambee closure was the slowest closure to perform, with skin staple closure being the fastest. All suture patterns tested had higher mean initial leak pressures than reported physiologic intestinal pressures during peristalsis, although the skin staple closures resulted in leakage below normal physiologic pressure in several samples. The modified Gambee closure was able to sustain a significantly higher initial leak pressure than skin staple closures. The modified Gambee suture pattern had the greatest maximum leak pressure of all enterotomy closure patterns tested. Use of the modified Gambee suture pattern should be considered in enterotomy closure, although in vivo studies are required to determine if these differences are clinically significant.

scholarly journals Effect of electroMagnetic Interference from smartPHone On cardiac implaNtable Electronic device (EMI-PHONE study)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanatcha Apakuppakul ◽  
Sirin Apiyasawat ◽  
Nilubon Methachittiphan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Ventricular Lead ◽  
Icd Shock

Abstract Background: Smartphones can emit two types of electromagnetic waves, static field from magnet and dynamic field from calling. Previous evidence showed the interference effects from old generation of mobile phones to cardiac implantable electronic device (CIEDs). The current generation of smartphones and CIEDs are reportedly better designed to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI). We seek to find the presence and the magnitude of EMI from the current generation of smartphones. Objectives: The primary objective was to find out the presence and the effect of electromagnetic interference from current generation smartphones on cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). The secondary objectives were to demonstrate safety of using current generation smartphones on cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Methods: A total of 80 subjects with CIEDs (Pacemaker, ICD, CRT-D, CRT-P) were recruited from our CIEDs clinic. Each subject was tested with three different smartphones (Nokia 3310, Iphone 7, and Samsung Galaxy S9), resulted in a total of 240 tests. Each phone was placed on chest wall, at pulse generator site, at atrial lead level, and at ventricular lead level. During the tests, real-time interrogations were performed to detect any EMI from smartphones in stand-by mode, and during calling-in and out for 30 seconds. After the tests, post-test interrogation was performed to detect any parameters changes. Adverse events including pacemaker inhibition, false ICD shock, CIEDs device malfunction, and urgent electro- physiologist consultations were recorded. Results: 80 subjects (Mean age 70.5 year-old, 50% male) were recruited in the study, and all completed 240 tests according to our protocol. The most common type of CIEDs tested was pacemaker (N=56, 70%), followed by ICD (N=16, 20%), and CRT (N=8, 10%). Most patients (N=62, 77.5%) had more than one lead implanted. The mean age of CIEDs implantation was 5.2 years (Devices were implanted since 2008-2019). Of all the tests performed, no electromagnetic interference (EMI) or adverse events was observed. Conclusion: Current generation of smartphones have no EMI effect to CIEDs and can be used safely without any adverse events including pacemaker inhibition, false ICD shock and CIEDs malfunction.

scholarly journals Ingestible transiently anchoring electronics for microstimulation and conductive signaling

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (35) ◽  
pp. eaaz0127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Abramson ◽  
David Dellal ◽  
Yong Lin Kong ◽  
Jianlin Zhou ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Noninvasive Evaluation ◽  
Stomach Muscle ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Electrical Pulses ◽  
Gastric Motility Disorders

Ingestible electronic devices enable noninvasive evaluation and diagnosis of pathologies in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but generally cannot therapeutically interact with the tissue wall. Here, we report the development of an orally administered electrical stimulation device characterized in ex vivo human tissue and in in vivo swine models, which transiently anchored itself to the stomach by autonomously inserting electrically conductive, hooked probes. The probes provided stimulation to the tissue via timed electrical pulses that could be used as a treatment for gastric motility disorders. To demonstrate interaction with stomach muscle tissue, we used the electrical stimulation to induce acute muscular contractions. Pulses conductively signaled the probes’ successful anchoring and detachment events to a parenterally placed device. The ability to anchor into and electrically interact with targeted GI tissues controlled by the enteric nervous system introduces opportunities to treat a multitude of associated pathologies.

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

Antithrombotic Effects and Bleeding Time Prolongation with Synthetic Platelet GPIIb/llla Inhibitors in Animal Models of Platelet-Mediated Thrombosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (01) ◽  
pp. 095-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Désiré Collen ◽  
Hua Rong Lu ◽  
Jean-Marie Stassen ◽  
Ingrid Vreys ◽  
Tsunehiro Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Thrombotic Occlusion ◽  
Antithrombotic Effects

SummaryCyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) containing synthetic peptides such as L-cysteine, N-(mercaptoacetyl)-D-tyrosyl-L-arginylglycyl-L-a-aspartyl-cyclic (1→5)-sulfide, 5-oxide (G4120) and acetyl-L-cysteinyl-L-asparaginyl-L-prolyl-L-arginyl-glycyl-L-α-aspartyl-[0-methyltyrosyl]-L-arginyl-L-cysteinamide, cyclic 1→9-sulfide (TP9201) bind with high affinity to the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor.The relationship between antithrombotic effect, ex vivo platelet aggregation and bleeding time prolongation with both agents was studied in hamsters with a standardized femoral vein endothelial cell injury predisposing to platelet-rich mural thrombosis, and in dogs with a carotid arterial eversion graft inserted in the femoral artery. Intravenous administration of G4120 in hamsters inhibited in vivo thrombus formation with a 50% inhibitory bolus dose (ID50) of approximately 20 μg/kg, ex vivo ADP-induccd platelet aggregation with ID50 of 10 μg/kg, and bolus injection of 1 mg/kg prolonged the bleeding time from 38 ± 9 to 1,100 ± 330 s. Administration of TP9201 in hamsters inhibited in vivo thrombus formation with ID50 of 30 μg/kg, ex vivo platelet aggregation with an ID50 of 50 μg/kg and bolus injection of 1 mg/kg did not prolong the template bleeding time. In the dog eversion graft model, infusion of 100 μg/kg of G4120 over 60 min did not fully inhibit platelet-mediated thrombotic occlusion but was associated with inhibition of ADP-induccd ex vivo platelet aggregation and with prolongation of the template bleeding time from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 12 ± 2 min. Infusion of 300 μg/kg of TP9201 over 60 min completely prevented thrombotic occlusion, inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation, but was not associated with prolongation of the template bleeding time.TP9201, unlike G4120, inhibits in vivo platelet-mediated thrombus formation without associated prolongation of the template bleeding time.

Significance of Platelet β-Adrenoceptors for Platelet Responses In Vivo and In Vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (06) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
P T Larsson ◽  
N H Wallén ◽  
A Martinsson ◽  
N Egberg ◽  
P Hjemdahl
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽  
Dose Infusion ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryThe significance of platelet β-adrenoceptors for platelet responses to adrenergic stimuli in vivo and in vitro was studied in healthy volunteers. Low dose infusion of the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline decreased platelet aggregability in vivo as measured by ex vivo filtragometry. Infusion of adrenaline, a mixed α- and β-adrenoceptor agonist, increased platelet aggregability in vivo markedly, as measured by ex vivo filtragometry and plasma β-thromboglobulin levels. Adrenaline levels were 3–4 nM in venous plasma during infusion. Both adrenaline and high dose isoprenaline elevated plasma von Willebrand factor antigen levels β-Blockade by propranolol did not alter our measures of platelet aggregability at rest or during adrenaline infusions, but inhibited adrenaline-induced increases in vWf:ag. In a model using filtragometry to assess platelet aggregability in whole blood in vitro, propranolol enhanced the proaggregatory actions of 5 nM, but not of 10 nM adrenaline. The present data suggest that β-adrenoceptor stimulation can inhibit platelet function in vivo but that effects of adrenaline at high physiological concentrations are dominated by an α-adrenoceptor mediated proaggregatory action.

In Vivo Effect of Suloctidil as an Antiplatelet Agent

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia R Stelzer ◽  
Thomas S Burns ◽  
Robert N Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Permanent Effect ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
5 Ht Uptake ◽  
High Doses

SummaryThe relationship between the effects of suloctidil in vivo as an antiplatelet agent and in vitro as a modifier of platelet serotonin (5-HT) parameters was investigated. Suloctidil was found to be effective in reducing platelet aggregates formation in the retired breeder rat as determined using the platelet aggregate ratio method (PAR) with an ED50 of 16.1 mg/kg 24 hours post administration. In contrast to the hypothesis that 5-HT depletion is involved in the anti-aggregatory mechanism of suloctidil, no correlation was found between platelet 5- HT content and this antiplatelet activity. Reduction of platelet 5-HT content required multiple injections of high doses (100 mg/kg/day) of suloctidil. Suloctidil administration for 8 days at 100 mg/kg/day, which lowered platelet 5-HT content by 50%, resulted in no permanent effect on ex vivo platelet 5-HT uptake or thrombin-induced release, nor alteration in the plasma 5-HT level. However, these platelets exhibited a short-lived, significant increase in percent leakage of 5-HT after 30 minutes of incubation. Therefore, suloctidil treatment at high doses may with time result in platelet 5-HT depletion, however this effect is probably not related to the primary anti-aggregatory activity of the drug.

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