Tissue Distribution Study of Poloxamer188 in Rats by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight/Mass Spectrometry with MSALL-Based Approach

Poloxamer188 (PL188), as one of the most commonly used pharmaceutical excipients, has unique physicochemical properties and good biocompatibility, and so is playing an increasingly extensive role in the field of medicine. Currently, there are few studies on the tissue distribution of PL188 in vivo. In this study, the LC-MS method based on MSALL technique of quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry for absolute quantitative analysis of poloxamer 188 in biological substrates was established for the first time. The tissue distribution of poloxamer188 in SD rats were studied using the established quantitative analysis method. To explore the distribution of PL188 in organs and tissues, PL188 was administered via rat tail vein at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Eight kinds of tissues including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, muscle and brain of rats were collected at 0.25 h, 1 h and 4 h after administration. Tissue distributions showed the highest level was observed in kidney, then in stomach, which indicated PL188 mainly bioaccumulated in the kidney. This study can provide references for the further study of PL188.

Relationship between leg muscle power, stomach muscle strength, body flexibility and ankle’s coordination on side kick’s speed in Perguruan Pencak Silat Kembang Setaman Wonosobo year 2020

<p><em>The purpose of this research is to know the relationship between leg mucle power, stomach muscle strength, body flexibility and ankle’s coordination on side kick’s speed in perguruan pencak silat kembang setaman wonosobo year 2020. This study is a corelation researcher, it needs one meeting to collect the data. The subject of this research is 14 athletes of Kembang Setaman Wonosobo. Source of data of this research is from the athletes and the researcher. Methods of collecting data that the researcher uses are test and observation. The researcher uses SPSS to test the data. Method of data analysis that the researcher chooses is descriptive quantitative. The study used 5 variables, namely variable x with leg muscle power, abdominal muscle strength, body flexibility and ankle coordination and variable Y with side kick speed / T. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be explained that (1) leg muscle power has a significant relationship to the side kick speed / right T indicated by the sig value. 0.008 &lt;0.05 with a contribution value of 50.5% for the right leg and a sig. 0.004 &lt;0.05 with a contribution value of 4.1% for the left leg and a relationship between leg muscle power and the left side kick speed / T indicated by the sig value. 0.003 &lt;0.05 with a contribution value of 2.7% for the right leg and a sig value. 0.000 &lt;0.05, the contribution value is 66.7% for the left leg (2) the strength of the abdominal muscles is indicated by the value of sig. 0.012 and 0.047 &lt;0.05 with a contribution value of 2% and 2.1% (3) body flexibility has no significant relationship as indicated by the sig value. 0.541 and 0.073&gt; 0.005 (4) eye-foot coordination does not have a significant relationship as indicated by the sig value. 0.374 and0.472&gt; 0.05. From the value of the contribution above, the contribution value is the leg muscle power compared to the abdominal muscle strength from the total value of the contribution, namely 55.6% for the side kick speed / T right and 71,1% for the contibution value for the side kick speed / T left. Based on the data above, it can be concluded from this study that there is a relationship between leg muscle power and abdominal muscle strength to side kick speed / T in the Kembang Setaman Wonosobo martial arts college in 2020 and there is no relationship between body flexibility and ankle coordination on side kick speed / T in Setaman Wonosobo Kembang Silat College 2020.</em></p>

PROFIL DAYA TAHAN OTOT, KEKUATAN OTOT, DAYA LEDAK OTOT, DAN KELENTUKAN PADA ATLET SENAM RITMIK KOTA BANDUNG MENURUT STANDAR KONI PUSAT

Physical fitness is the ability of an athlete to fulfill the physical activities that are needed for the sport without becoming weary. This is a very important thing that determines an athlete’s performance. The predominant component of physical fitness for rhythmic gymnastics are muscular endurance, muscle strength, power, and flexibility. The study aimed to gather information regarding the physical fitness profile of Bandung City rhythmic gymnastic athletes before competing in Pekan Olah Raga Daerah Jawa Barat (PORDA Jabar) XI event in 2010. The descriptive studywas conducted using the survey method. Subjects consist of 9 female Bandung City rhythmic gymnastic athletes. Muscle endurance, muscle strength, power, and flexibility were measured using appropriate tests and tools and then grouped according to Standard KONI Pusat. The results of this study showed that most of the rhythmic gymnastic athletes were in this categories: perfect for arms and shoulders muscle endurance, the average for stomach muscle endurance, below standard formuscle strength of the hands, the average for muscle strength of arms and shoulders, good and very good for muscle strength of the back, the average for muscle strength of the legs, below average and average for arms and shoulders power, very good for legs power, and perfect for flexibility. In a conclusion, the performance of Bandung City rhythmic gymnastic athletes can be improved byincreasing the training that is specific for each of the physical fitness components.

Gastrointestinal Side Effects of Triple Immunosuppressive Therapy Evaluated by AC Biosusceptometry and Electrogastrography in Rats

Background: Triple immunosuppressive therapy is associated with several gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects induced by the triple immunosuppressive therapy on the gastrointestinal tract of rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three experimental groups: Control: filtered water; TAC + MPS + PRED: treated with Tacrolimus plus Mycophenolate Sodium plus Prednisone; and CSA + AZA + PRED: treated with Cyclosporine plus Azathioprine plus Prednisone. The treatment was done for 14 days by gavage. Gastric emptying and contractility were evaluated by the Alternating Current Biosusceptometry (ACB) and Electrogastrography (EGG). Histological, biochemical and hematological analyses were also performed. Results: Gastric emptying time was slower in the CSA + AZA + PRED group in comparison with control (p<0.01) and TAC + MPS + PRED groups (p<0.001). Animals treated with TAC + MPS + PRED showed accelerated gastric emptying (p<0.05) compared to control. The amplitude of gastric contractions in both immunosuppressed groups was higher than observed in the control. The frequency of gastric contractions for the CSA + AZA + PRED group was also increased (p<0.01). Results obtained by EGG were similar to those recorded with the ACB. The thickness of the circular layer from stomach muscle decreased in both immunosuppressed groups, while the longitudinal layer was reduced only in the CSA + AZA + PRED group. Conclusion: Triple immunosuppressive therapy alters gastric motility, compromises the muscular layers

Ingestible transiently anchoring electronics for microstimulation and conductive signaling

Ingestible electronic devices enable noninvasive evaluation and diagnosis of pathologies in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but generally cannot therapeutically interact with the tissue wall. Here, we report the development of an orally administered electrical stimulation device characterized in ex vivo human tissue and in in vivo swine models, which transiently anchored itself to the stomach by autonomously inserting electrically conductive, hooked probes. The probes provided stimulation to the tissue via timed electrical pulses that could be used as a treatment for gastric motility disorders. To demonstrate interaction with stomach muscle tissue, we used the electrical stimulation to induce acute muscular contractions. Pulses conductively signaled the probes’ successful anchoring and detachment events to a parenterally placed device. The ability to anchor into and electrically interact with targeted GI tissues controlled by the enteric nervous system introduces opportunities to treat a multitude of associated pathologies.

ANALISIS KONDISI FISIK ATLIT POMNAS CABANG OLAHRAGA BULUTANGKIS MALUKU UTARA TAHUN 2019

This study aims to determine the physical condition of POMNAS athletes in North Maluku badminton sport in 2019. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The subjects of this study were all athletes who participated in POMNAS of North Maluku badminton sport as many as 4 people. Data collection techniques using tests and measurements namely physical condition tests which include: a) strength (muscle strength of the fingers, arm and shoulder muscle strength, leg muscle strength, back muscle strength), b) explosive power (arm and shoulder explosive power, leg muscle explosiveness, c) flexibility, d) speed, e) muscle endurance (stomach muscle endurance, arm and shoulder muscle endurance, leg muscle endurance and f) heart-lung endurance. The results of the study illustrate that the average level of physical condition of the North Maluku sports branch of POMNAS in 2019 is in the good category

The influence of using interval core stability circuit exercise towards strength and recovery

Purpose : The study aimed to know the influence of using interval in core stability circuit towards the enhancement of strength and recovery. Material : The participants in this study were students of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science.. The participants were consisting of 20 male students with range of age in 18-21 years old. These students were divided into two groups, each group consisted of 10 students. This study used experimental research with the randomized pre and posttest design, in which the treatment group 1 was given the core stability circuit exercise with 1:1 interval. Then, the core stability circuit exercise with 1:2 interval was given to the treatment group 2. The variable in this study focused on the strength and the recovery. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, requirement test analysis and inferential analysis. Result : The result showed that there was an enhancement in leg, stomach, and arm muscle strength and recovery of Sports Coaching Education’s students 2015, Faculty of Sport Science UNESA (State University of Surabaya). Based on the normality and homogeneity test, the data was claimed as normal and homogeny. Whereas the counting result of differences test in all variables showed that there were differences between the mean result of 1:1 interval exercise and 1:2 interval exercises toward the strength of leg, stomach, arm muscle, and recovery. Conclusion : Core stability exercise was able to increase the physical performance of arm, leg, and stomach muscle strength. It could be applied with circuit and high intensity of interval training to enhance the recovery ability.

Concise Review: Herbal remedies for the treatment of nausea and vomiting

Background: Vomiting occurs when the contractions of stomach muscle walls cause a large amount of the stomach content to go upward and flow back into the esophagus; this process is very common among infants. The aim of this review was to present the effects of medicinal plants on vomiting. Methods: In the current review, articles indexed in databases such as ISI, PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran were retrieved using the search terms ‘vomiting’, ‘nausea’, ‘medicinal plants’, and ‘traditional medicine’. Results: Based on the research findings, the medicinal plants Zingiber officinale, Mentha piperita, Cinnamomum verum, Citrus limon, Matricaria chamomilla, Lavandula angustifolia, Allium cepa, Oryza sativa, Foeniculum vulgare, Cuminum cyminum, Eugenia caryophyllata, Elettaria cardamomum, Pimpinella anisum, Ferula assa-foetida, Ocimum basilicum, and Musa sapientum were selected as the focus. Conclusion: In traditional medicine, treatment for vomiting is relevant, especially in children. The mechanisms of some of these plants have been understood but for many they are still unclear. Further investigations are needed to understand more about these medicinal plants and their mechanism of action for effective use in the clinic.