Abstract TP168: Efficacy of a Pictogram to Promote Stroke Knowledge Among Illiterate Korean Elderly

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cha-Nam Shin ◽  
Jeongha Sim ◽  
Dongchoon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Stroke Knowledge

Background and Purpose: Extensive research supports the importance of knowledge in stroke prevention and reducing prehospital delay time. However, the level of stroke knowledge among Korean older adults remains low. In particular, older adults who are illiterate lack of stroke information despite being at high risk. The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the efficacy of a pictogram to enhance stroke knowledge in the high-risk and illiterate older adults. Methods: We conducted a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design study and compared differences in stroke knowledge before and after the intervention. A total of 117 older adults (82 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group) who were 60 years and older residing in community participated in the study. Participants in the intervention group received a pictogram-based education, while participants in the control group received a powerpoint-based education. Stroke knowledge was measured by structured survey questionnaires. Descriptive statistics for sample characteristics, repeated measure ANOVA for the efficacy, and independent t-test for satisfaction comparison between groups were used. Results: The intervention group showed a higher increase in stroke knowledge (F=16.45), awareness of risk factors (F=15.71), stroke warning signs and symptoms (F=17.29), and action at stroke (F=19.36) compared to the control group at p <.001. Also, the intervention group reported that they would recommend the education program to others (t=2.64, p<.05) and the program was applicable to real situation (t=4.47, p <.001), which were scored higher than the control group. Conclusions: The data revealed that a pictogram-based education is more effective than a powerpoint-based education among illiterate older adults. Replicated studies with this pictogram in a larger randomized controlled trial is warranted, which may give greater validity to our findings. Future longitudinal research is recommended to examine retention of stroke knowledge over the long term.

scholarly journals Mobile aging: A randomized trial of mobility transition counseling for high-risk older adults

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Stowe
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Risk Driving

Older adults with medical conditions that impair function are at the highest risk for driving retirement. This Randomized Controlled Trial investigated the efficacy of an intervention that facilitated planning for a likely driving transition among medically-impaired elders - those with vision, cognitive, or psychomotor impairment. A 2-to-1 allocation ratio resulted in comparisons between 26 intervention and 13 attention control (n = 39) group members who were recruited from health care sites. The intervention consisted of two sessions of facilitated planning in which the participant's health, transportation alternatives, attitudes/emotions regarding a change in mobility, and actions to ensure continued safe mobility were discussed. Moreover, all participants received supportive phone calls during the 6 month intervention period. Results showed that when compared to the control group, the intervention group had significantly better subjective health, fewer high-risk driving behaviors, and drove less distance on excursions from home at follow up. Simple repeated measures analyses were not significant. Results suggest that facilitated planning may help ease the transition to driving retirement among some high-risk older adults.

scholarly journals Toe Clearance Rehabilitative Slippers for Older Adults With Fall Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215145932110291
Author(s):  
Atsuko Satoh ◽  
Yukoh Kudoh ◽  
Sangun Lee ◽  
Masumi Saitoh ◽  
Miwa Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mobility Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Day Services ◽  
And Control

Introduction: To evaluate fall-prevention rehabilitative slippers for use by self-caring, independent older adults. Materials and Methods: This assessor-blinded, randomized, and controlled 1-year study included 59 self-caring, independent participants (49 women) who attended day services. The mean age of participants was 84.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were randomly selected from 8 nursing homes. We tested slippers top-weighted with a lead bead (200, 300, or 400 g). Intervention group participants walked while wearing the slippers for 10-20 min, 1-3 days/week at the day service center. Fall risk was measured using the Berg Balance Scale and the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) before and at 3-month intervals after the intervention/control phase. Results: After 12 months, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvement. Berg Balance and POMA compared to the control group ( p < .05 p < .01, respectively). Mobility scores improved significantly for both measurements in the intervention group before and after ( p < .01), but the control group had significantly lower scores. Discussion: Overall, falls decreased in the intervention group from 10 to 7, and control group falls increased from 9 to 16 ( p = .02). No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions: Rehabilitation training slippers may reduce falls in older adults.

scholarly journals Effect of isometric exercises on the masseter muscle in older adults with missing dentition: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Takano ◽  
Kohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazuharu Nakagawa ◽  
Kanako Yoshimi ◽  
Ayako Nakane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Oral Function ◽  
Masticatory Ability

AbstractMaintaining oral function in older individuals with missing teeth is important for leading a healthy and independent life. This study aimed to evaluate whether simple isometric exercises can maintain and improve the oral function [maximum occlusal force (MOF) and masticatory ability (MA)] and the masticatory muscle properties [masseter muscle thickness (MMT) and echo intensity (MMEI)] in older adults during the maintenance phase of removable prosthetic treatment. Participants were randomly categorized into the intervention and control groups. The mouthpieces were distributed, and participants were instructed to use them for exercising. The intervention group was instructed to perform maximum clenching for 10 s, whereas the control group was instructed to tap the teeth at an arbitrary speed for 10 s. Both were repeated five times at an interval of 5 s between each activity and twice daily for 4 weeks. The outcomes were measured after a month of exercise. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in the MOF, MMT during contraction, MMT at rest and MMEI during contraction. There were no significant differences in the MA and MMEI at rest. In the control group, no improvement was observed in any of the parameters. When the isometric exercises were performed using a mouthpiece, there was an improvement in the oral function and masseter muscle properties in older individuals with Eichner B status who used dentures.

INOVASIA Study: A Randomized Open Controlled Trial to Evaluate Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia and its Effects on sFlt1/PLGF Levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar ◽  
Angelina Yosediputra ◽  
Raditya Eri Pratama ◽  
Nur Lailatul Fadhilah ◽  
Sulistyowati Sulistyowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Risk Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Plgf Ratio

Objectives To evaluate the effect of pravastatin to prevent preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women at a high risk of developing preeclampsia and the maternal and perinatal outcomes and the sFlt1/PLGF ratio. Study Design This is an open labelled RCT part of INOVASIA trial. Pregnant women at a high risk of developing PE were recruited and randomized into an intervention group (40) and a control group (40). The inclusion criteria consisted of pregnant women with positive clinical risk factor and abnormal uterine artery doppler examination at 10-20 weeks gestational age. The control group received low dose aspirin (80 mg/day) and calcium (1 g/day), while the intervention group received additional pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) starting from 14-20 weeks gestation until delivery. Research blood samples were collected before the first dose of pravastatin and before delivery. The main outcome was the rate of maternal preeclampsia, maternal-perinatal outcomes, and sFlt-1, PLGF, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and sEng levels. Results The rate of preeclampsia was (non-significantly) lower in the pravastatin group compared with the control group (17.5% vs 35%). The pravastatin group also had a (non-significant) lower rate of severe preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, acute kidney injury and severe hypertension. The rate of (iatrogenic) preterm delivery was significantly (p=0.048) lower in the pravastatin group (n=4) compared with the controls (n=12). Neonates in the pravastatin group had significantly higher birthweights (2931 + 537 vs 2625 + 872 g; p=0.006), lower Apgar scores < 7 (2.5 vs 27.5%, p=0.002), composite neonatal morbidity (0 vs 20%, p=0.005) and NICU admission rates (0 vs 15%, p=0.026). All biomarkers show a significant deterioration in the control group compared with non significant changes in the pravastatin group. Conclusions Pravastatin holds promise in the secondary prevention of preeclampsia and placenta-mediated adverse perinatal outcomes by improving the angiogenic imbalance.

Effect of isometric exercises on the masseter muscle in older adults with missing dentition: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Takano ◽  
Kohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazuharu Nakagawa ◽  
Kanako Yoshimi ◽  
Ayako Nakane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Oral Function ◽  
Masticatory Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Maintaining oral function is important in older individuals with missing teeth for leading a healthy and independent life. This study aimed to evaluate whether simple isometric exercises can maintain and improve oral function (maximum occlusal force [MOF], masticatory ability [MA]) and masticatory muscle properties (masseter muscle thickness [MMT] and echo intensity [MMEI]) in older adults in the maintenance phase of removable prosthetic treatment. Participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention group was instructed to perform maximum clenching for 10 s, whereas the control group was instructed to tap the teeth at an arbitrary speed for 10 s. Both were repeated five times at an interval of 5 s between each activity and twice a day for 4 weeks. The outcomes were measured after a month of exercise. The intervention group showed significant improvement in MOF, MMT during contraction, and MMEI during contraction. There was no significant difference in the MA and MMEI at rest. In the control group, no improvement was observed in any of the parameters. When the isometric exercises were performed using a mouthpiece, there was improvement in oral function and masseter muscle properties in older individuals with Eichner B status who used dentures.

Effect of buddy-style intervention on exercise adherence in community-dwelling disabled older adults: A pilot randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110411
Author(s):  
Hiromichi Takeda ◽  
Katsuhiko Takatori
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Day Care ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective To assess the preliminary effects of a buddy-style intervention to improve exercise adherence. Design A parallel-group, open-label, pilot randomized controlled trial. Setting Adult day-care centers. Participants Sixty-five disabled older adults. Interventions All participants underwent a 12-week home exercise program, and the intervention group received a 5–10 min buddy-style intervention between older adults in the intervention group once weekly at an adult day-care center. Main measures Based on the exercise log calendar, the number of days of exercise was assessed for each of the three phases: 1–4 weeks, 5–8 weeks, and 9–12 weeks. Short physical performance battery was measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results Of the 590 screened older adults, 65 were recruited and 33 were assigned to the intervention group. One participant in each group withdrew before the program began, and four and five patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively, dropped out by the 12-week assessment. Analysis of covariance of the 28 and 26 patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively, for whom exercise log calendars could be retrieved, showed that the intervention group (24.4/28 days) exercised significantly more days than the control group (20.6/28 days) at 9–12 weeks ( P = 0.009). In the between-group effect of the intention-to-treat analysis of short physical performance battery, walking and standing test ( P = 0.790, P = 0.829) were not significantly different, and balance test ( P = 0.049) was significantly better in the control group. Conclusions There was a preliminary effect of the buddy-style intervention to improve exercise adherence.

Training in Nonviolent Resistance for Foster Parents

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 931-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Van Holen ◽  
Johan Vanderfaeillie ◽  
Haim Omer ◽  
Femke Vanschoonlandt
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Externalizing Problem

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate a training in non-violent resistance (NVR) for foster parents who take care of a foster child (ages 6-18) with externalizing problem behavior. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was used to compare an intervention group (NVR, n = 31) with a treatment as usual control group (TAU, n = 31). The NVR-intervention consists of ten weekly home sessions. Measures regarding behavioral problems in foster children, parenting stress and parenting practices in foster mothers, and the size of the supportive network were assessed before, after treatment, and at three months follow-up. Results: NVR showed to be an acceptable approach that lead to an increase in experienced support and some promising changes in parenting stress and parenting practices. Conclusion: Implementation of this intervention might increase the effectiveness of foster care. More longitudinal research using a Multitrait-multimethod-approach is however needed.

Meridian Cuffing Exercises Improved Functional Fitness and Cardiopulmonary Functioning of Community Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Ting Tung ◽  
Chi-Chieh Lai ◽  
Kuei-Min Chen ◽  
Han-Ya Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Single Blind

This study was aimed to test the effects of a meridian cuffing exercise, the Healthy Beat Acupunch (HBA) regimen, on the functional fitness and cardiopulmonary functioning of community older adults. A single-blind, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted. We randomly allocated eight community care centers to the intervention or control group and recruited 228 participants who completed the study (intervention: four centers, n = 111; control: four centers, n = 117). The intervention group underwent a 40-min session of HBA regimen 3 times per week for 6 months. Functional fitness and cardiopulmonary functioning were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months of the intervention. The intervention group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in functional fitness and cardiopulmonary functioning than the control group between baseline and either 3 months or 6 months. We suggest that activities designed to promote health among community older adults include acupunch exercises.

scholarly journals 86 Developing the Adapted Lifestyle - Integrated Functional Exercise Programme in Thai Context (TLIFE) to Prevent Falls among Older Adults in Thailand: A Mixed Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv18-iv27
Author(s):  
Sasiporn Ounjaichon ◽  
Chris Todd ◽  
Emma Stanmore ◽  
Elisabeth Boulton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Exercise ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Introduction Falls are the leading cause of injuries in older Thai adults. There is a need to develop a fall prevention exercise programme to encourage participation and adherence. The adapted Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (aLiFE) programme may be suitable by integrating exercise into daily routines as opposed to attending an exercise class. This study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the aLiFE programme in Thai context (TLiFE) among older Thai adults. Methods Based on the findings of a prior qualitative study, a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of TLiFE was conducted among community-dwelling older adults, comparing the TLiFE intervention group with a usual care control group. Outcome measures were analysed at baseline, 3 months, and after 6 months of the intervention. Results We recruited a total of 72 older adults into the RCT, randomised to TLiFE (n=36) and control (n=36). The retention rate at 6 months was 91.7%. Attendance in the intervention group (3 home visits and 4 follow-up calls) was 82.9%. There were no differences in fall incidence between the groups. The acceptability survey reveals TLiFE is easy to perform in daily life, safe, and useful. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion The TLiFE programme appears to be acceptable and feasible to deliver to community-dwelling older Thai adults. This feasibility study was not powered to detect a difference between groups. A further fully powered definitive randomised controlled trial of TLiFE is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness before it is integrated within the healthcare system in Thailand.

150 Falls in Malaysia: Magnitude, Risk, Disparities, and Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv34-iv39
Author(s):  
Maw Pin Tan ◽  
Sumaiyah Mat ◽  
Deepa Alex ◽  
Shahrul Bahyah Kamaruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Abstract The Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study found 1 in 4 residents aged 65 years and over living in the Klang Valley of Malaysia fall at least once a year in their survey conducted between 2013 and 2015. Recent figures obtained from the First Older Persons’ National Health and Morbidity Survey conducted in 2018 revealed that 15% of Malaysians aged 60 years and over fall at least once a year. In a 10-year follow-up study involving 200 individuals who presented to the emergency department over a six-month period in 2002, 22% were no longer alive at one year, and 80% had died at 10 years. Older age, indoor falls, subsequent hospital admission and functional impairment predicted death at one year. Cross-sectional data from MELoR revealed ethnic differences in fall prevalence, with the ethnic Indians more likely to report falls in the past 12 months compared to the ethnic Malays. Independent risk factors for falls identified from MELoR were urinary incontinence, reduced grip strength, hearing impairment, comorbidities and reducing walking speed. The ethnic differences in falls in our population remain unexplained. Lifestyle and cultural practices may well be the underlying rationale, but genetic influences cannot currently be ruled out. The results of a randomized controlled trial on multifactorial interventions, the Malaysian Falls Assessment and Intervention Trial (MyFAIT), was published last year. Mo differences in falls outcomes with an individualized multifactorial intervention were observed, despite improvements in physical performance and psychological status in the intervention group compared to the control group. The research group has now secured two-year funding to evaluate post-fall behavior in our setting in the Life After Falls (LiAF) study. In addition, dissemination and upskilling efforts are underway through training workshops, formation of the Malaysian Falls Network (MyFalls) and collaborations with the private sector to increase awareness on falls and increase fall prevention efforts throughout the country.

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