scholarly journals The Paris Agreement on Climate Change: Behind Closed Doors

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav S. Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
The Political ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Persuasive Arguments ◽  
Political Success

The Paris Agreement constitutes a political success in climate negotiations and traditional state diplomacy, and offers important implications for academic research. Based on participatory research, the article examines the political dynamics in Paris and highlights features of the process that help us understand the outcome. It describes battles on key contentious issues behind closed doors, provides a summary and evaluation of the new agreement, identifies political winners and losers, and offers theoretical explanations of the outcome. The analysis emphasizes process variables and underscores the role of persuasion, argumentation, and organizational strategy. Climate diplomacy succeeded because the international conversation during negotiations induced cognitive change. Persuasive arguments about the economic benefits of climate action altered preferences in favor of policy commitments at both national and international levels.

scholarly journals The Only (Other) Poll That Matters? Exit Polls and Election Night Forecasts in BBC General Election Results Broadcasts, 1955–2017

2020 ◽  
pp. 003232172090632
Author(s):  
Stuart Wilks-Heeg ◽  
Peter Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Political ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Political Narratives ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Over Time

This article examines the role of results forecasts and exit polls in BBC general election night broadcasts from 1955 to 2017. Despite the substantial role played by academics in results programmes, in devising forecasts and analysing results as they emerge, academic literature on election night broadcasts is scant. This article charts the development of election night forecasting over time and its implications for the structure and content of election night broadcasts. It draws on a unique new data set of verbatim transcripts of the first hour of every BBC election night broadcast from 1955–2017 to quantify the attention paid to forecasts and exit polls and assess how they frame discussion of the likely outcome and its potential political consequences. The article concludes that the function of election night broadcasts as ‘the first draft of psephology’ merits closer attention for both the political narratives and the academic research agendas they generate.

Filling in for Governments? The Role of the Private Actors in the International Climate Regime

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28
Author(s):  
Charlotte Streck
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
State Actor ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Private Actors

The 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change abandons the Kyoto Protocol’s paradigm of binding emissions targets and relies instead on countries’ voluntary contributions. However, the Paris Agreement encourages not only governments but also sub-national governments, corporations and civil society to contribute to reaching ambitious climate goals. In a transition from the regulated architecture of the Kyoto Protocol to the open system of the Paris Agreement, the Agreement seeks to integrate non-state actors into the treaty-based climate regime. In 2014 the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Peru and France created the Non-State Actor Zone for Climate Action (and launched the Global Climate Action portal). In December 2019, this portal recorded more than twenty thousand climate-commitments of private and public non-state entities, making the non-state venues of international climate meetings decisively more exciting than the formal negotiation space. This level engagement and governments’ response to it raises a flurry of questions in relation to the evolving nature of the climate regime and climate change governance, including the role of private actors as standard setters and the lack of accountability mechanisms for non-state actions. This paper takes these developments as occasion to discuss the changing role of private actors in the climate regime.

Vai Sambar! American Meaning Making in Afro-Brazilian Dance

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (S1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Jessica Damon
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
White Community ◽  
Afro Brazilian

This paper describes the interaction between an American community of dancers and the wave of Afro-Brazilian influence that entered that community. Through personal experience, academic research, community observation, and conversations, the author examines the role of samba and the religious dances of the orixds within a suburban white community, highlighting how meaning is changed and constructed based on cultural context. The author emphasizes how women in this community responded to the political, social, and sexual implications of a non-native dance form, and how their resulting self-identification as a community was transformed. The essay questions how Americans can locate themselves within the greater cultural context of samba and other Afro-Brazilian dance forms, not simply as cultural outsiders but as women deeply connected to the unique American reality of these practices.

scholarly journals Green finance for energy transition, climate action and sustainable development: overview of concepts, applications, implementation and challenges

Green Finance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Rupsha Bhattacharyya ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Broad Domain ◽  
Financial Disclosures

<abstract> <p>The solutions to mankind's greatest problems today lie in the simultaneous development, adoption and deployment of a combination of technological, socio-political, cultural and financial initiatives and mechanisms. The present work serves as a brief compilation of concepts and information pertaining to the broad domain of green finance, particularly for a readership with non-financial background. Green finance indicates the deployment of private and public capital towards projects that not only prevent environmental degradation and related impacts such as climate change and air pollution but also generate a host of social benefits and adequate financial returns for the investors. Thus, green finance embodies several cross-cutting concepts. The various global events leading to the development of the current state of green finance, the typical forms and instruments involved, the regulatory framework and issuance process for these instruments and the various international agencies and organizations developing and making use of green finance schemes for identified beneficiary projects are briefly described in this work. Financial disclosures and the role of regulators and investors in strengthening green finance schemes are discussed, along with a summary of the current thought leadership and current academic research in this domain. The challenges in green finance are also enumerated and a few perspectives for the future are presented.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals Diverse Reactions to Ethnic Diversity: The Role of Individual Differences in Authoritarianism

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper Van Assche ◽  
Arne Roets ◽  
Alain Van Hiel ◽  
Kristof Dhont
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Impact

Issues related to ethnic-cultural diversity often make the news headlines in popular media and have attracted extensive attention in the political arena, as well as in academic research in psychology, political sciences, and sociology. Political scientist Robert Putnam reported that increased diversity is associated with a range of negative outcomes, including less trust, a decreased sense of community, more prejudice, and more cynicism and mistrust toward politics and politicians. Yet given that follow-up studies have often revealed mixed results, a novel approach to understanding the effects of diversity is needed. Here, we address the impact of diversity from a Person × Context interaction perspective, demonstrating that diversity aggravates the negative attitudes that already exist among certain individuals. Specifically, we review the accumulated evidence showing that people high in authoritarian attitudes are particularly sensitive to diversity and prone to react with increased negativity to out-groups, politicians, the political system, and democracy.

Microentrepreneurship in Himalayan Region: Drafting Heritage Sustenance Through Stakeholders Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
Sandeep Walia ◽  
Aruditya Jasrotia ◽  
Parvinder Kour ◽  
Pooja Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Heritage Development

The debate pertaining to poverty alleviation and increased employment opportunities for tourism microentrepreneurship has recently emerged as an area of investigation in the spheres of academic research. The role of tourism microentrepreneurship in strengthening rural communities has been researched by various tourism researchers and practitioners across the globe in the last few decades. The present study is aimed towards finding out the stakeholder's perception towards microentrepreneurship as a tool for conserving cultural, natural, and built heritage, particularly in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. To achieve the objectives of this study, a qualitative method has been adopted. The proposed method to investigate stakeholder perception is based on a two-step procedure. The first step identifies the sustainable practices available in the targeted area, and in the second stage current entrepreneurial practices among the microentrepreneurs are investigated through interviews with the respondents to determine the accountability of those practices with sustainable heritage development in the study area. The findings of the study reflect that there is a gap between the microentrepreneurship practices and the sustainable development in the study area. There is also a lack of policies and support from the side of governing bodies. Hence, the study puts forward the fact that despite several challenges, sustainable microentrepreneurship can offer a potential solution to poverty alleviation in the Himalayan region of India. The economic benefits of sustainable micro-entrepreneurship are compelling, and its potential effects on the improvement of the overall lifestyle of stakeholders are equally promising.

scholarly journals Sport for Development in International Relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-500
Author(s):  
Arnošt Svoboda ◽  
Simona Šafaříková
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Academic Production ◽  
Sport For Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Progressive Inclusion

Abstract This article introduces the concept of sport for development and peace both as a theoretical notion and a part of the political-economical practice. Together with a brief definition and a historical overview, the main goal is to present the sport and development in the context of international relations, a network of stakeholders, practical implementation within major projects and its progressive inclusion into the development documents and strategies. Specifically, the article highlights the adoption of the concept by two major institutions, the United Nations and the International Olympic Committee as formal umbrella organisations. Furthermore, the role of the sport for development within the UN’s agenda of Sustainable Development Goals is elaborated. Since the topic is a frequent object of academic research and critical analysis, the article concludes with an outline of the commonly mentioned contested topics and critical debates which permeate both academic production and activities of international state and non-governmental organisations.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Paris Agreement by Holding Non-State Actors Accountable: Establishing Normative Links between Transnational Partnerships and Treaty Implementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Charlotte Streck
Keyword(s):  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
State Actor ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Minimum Criteria ◽  
Treaty Implementation

Abstract While the intergovernmental climate regime increasingly recognizes the role of non-state actors in achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement (PA), the normative linkages between the intergovernmental climate regime and the non-state dominated ‘transnational partnership governance’ remain vague and tentative. A formalized engagement of the intergovernmental climate regime with transnational partnerships can increase the effectiveness of partnerships in delivering on climate mitigation and adaptation, thereby complementing rather than replacing government action. The proposed active engagement with partnerships would include (i) collecting and analyzing information to develop and prioritize areas for transnational and partnership engagement; (ii) defining minimum criteria and procedural requirements to be listed on an enhanced Non-state Actor Zone for Climate Action platform; (iii) actively supporting strategic initiatives; (iv) facilitating market or non-market finance as part of Article 6 PA; and (v) evaluating the effectiveness of partnerships in the context of the enhanced transparency framework (Article 13 PA) and the global stocktake (Article 14 PA). The UNFCCC Secretariat could facilitate engagement and problem solving by actively orchestrating transnational partnerships. Constructing effective implementation partnerships, recording their mitigation and adaptation goals, and holding them accountable may help to move climate talks from rhetoric to action.

On everyday academic research

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Common ◽  
Verification Of Models ◽  
Science And Research

In the fourth chapter of the book “The economy of the common good”, the nature of economics as a science and research practices in their theoretical and empirical aspects are discussed. The author considers the processes of modeling, empirical verification of models and evaluation of research quality. In addition, the features of economic cognition and the role of mathematics in economic research are analyzed, including the example of relevant research in game theory and information theory.

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