Aspects of the reproductive biology of Physalaemus cuvieri (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in northeastern Brazil

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Barreto ◽  
Gilda V. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Territorial Behaviour ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Reproductive Tactics ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Calling Activity ◽  
Physical Interactions

AbstractObservations were made on the reproductive biology of Physalaemus cuvieri from open area habitat in São Luis, MA, Brazil, from August 1988 to August 1989. The reproductive tactics are compared to those of the same species in southeastern Brazil. Vocalization and reproductive activity were restricted the rainy season (January to June), with peaks of activity during late March and early April. Nocturnal calling activity turn was prolonged, with little variation in the number of individual calling during the night. The presence of communal foam nests suggests non-territorial behaviour in this species. However, males called from the same sites all night long. They showed differentiated vocalizations or antiphony, and aggressive physical interactions, which suggests that there may be some territorial behaviours in males. The remainder of the territorial behaviour is related to persistence of the invading male. Satellite behaviour, females mate choice, and a stereotyped behaviour (e.g. quick circular movement of both male and female) prior to amplexus, were also associated with territoriality.

scholarly journals Reproductive biology and feeding of Curimatella lepidura (Eigenmann & Eigenmann) (Pisces, Curimatidae) in Juramento reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika R. de Alvarenga ◽  
Nilo Bazzoli ◽  
Gilmar B. Santos ◽  
Elizete Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Short Rainy Season ◽  
Probable Role ◽  
Energetic Reserves

Reproductive biology and feeding of Curimatella lepidura (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) were studied in Juramento reservoir, São Francisco River basin, Southeastern Brazil. Histological analyses and gonadosomatic indexes revealed females and males in reproductive activity from October to March and total spawning occurring from January to March coupled with the peak of spermiating males. In the dry season, the fishes accumulated energetic reserves for reproduction during a short rainy season. The species presented sexual dimorphism, being females larger than males and sexual maturation occurring close to 7.7 cm standard length for females and 7.1 cm for males. C. lepidura presented iliophagous feeding habit, ingesting mainly sediment/detritus and a small amount of acari, algae, Tricoptera insects and Ostracoda crustaceans, suggesting a probable role in nutrient recycling of the Juramento reservoir.

Reproductive biology of the false coral snake Oxyrhopus guibei (Colubridae) from southeastern Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio Marques ◽  
Lígia Pizzatto
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Coral Snake ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractThe reproductive biology of the false coral snake, Oxyrhopus guibei, was studied through dissection of 496 specimens, combined with observations on captive individuals. Males mature with smaller body size than females, females attain much larger body size, and male-male combat is not expected. Clutch size ranged from 3 to 20, and was correlated with female length. Reproductive cycles in both males and females seem to be continuous, with vitellogenesis and spermatogenesis occurring throughout the year. Reproductive activity in both sexes decreased at the end of the rainy season possibly due to previous intense reproductive activity in more favorable climatic conditions. The smaller number of individuals collected at the end of the rainy season apparently occurs due to the decrease of reproductive activity of this snake.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the reproductive profile of Subulina octona (Gastropoda, Subulinidae) experimentally infected by Paratanaisia bragai (Digenea, Eucotylidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. S. Bonfim ◽  
F.G. Martins ◽  
V. M. Tunholi-Alves ◽  
M. A. J. Santos ◽  
S. V. P. B. Brandolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Production ◽  
Pattern Of Variation

Abstract Snails infected by trematodes may increase or decrease their reproductive activity in response to the presence of infection. Our aim was to verify the reproductive alterations in Subulina octona after infection by Paratanaisia bragai. The infected snails were individually exposed for 24 hours to 20 parasite eggs and four groups were formed (10, 20, 30 and 40 d.p.i.- days after infection), along with control groups. Every 10 days, the number of eggs in the reproductive tract, number of eggs hatched, galactogen content and histopathological changes were evaluated. The reproductive in the control and infected snails presented an alternating pattern, where periods of high production of eggs and newly hatched were followed by periods of low production. However, in relation to the amount of galactogen, both control and infected groups followed the same pattern of variation. In the histology, we observed the presence of male and female gametes with marked reduction in the number of oocytes. The results indicate that the intra-snail development of the parasite affects the reproductive biology of the host.

scholarly journals Gametogenesis in Madracis decactis Lyman, 1859 (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) from Ilha Grande Bay (Rio de Janeiro), southeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Muramatsu ◽  
Fábio Lang da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Simultaneous Presence ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Histological Sections

Collections were made every two months in Ilha Grande Bay, Rio de Janeiro, for 21 months (August/2004-May/2006) to study the gametogenesis of Madracis decactis Lyman, 1859. A total of 1800 polyps were examined using standard histological techniques. Madracis decactis is a hermaphroditic species whose male and female gametes develop within different mesenteries. Oogenesis begins in October, while spermatogenesis begins at the end of February, both reaching maturity at the end of April. The peak of reproductive activity occurred between February and April, when all the polyps were fertile, containing mainly stage III oocytes. Examination of fertile polyps indicated the simultaneous presence of stages I, II and III for oogenesis and I, II, III and IV for spermatogenesis. No embryos or planulae were observed in the histological sections. The gametes or planulae spawning may occur between April and May.

Glossary of terms used in developmental and reproductive toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 713-830
Author(s):  
John H. Duffus ◽  
Michael Schwenk ◽  
Douglas M. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical Practitioners

Abstract The primary objective of this glossary is to give clear definitions for those who contribute to studies relevant to these disciplines, or who must interpret them, but are not themselves reproductive physiologists or physicians. This applies especially to chemists who need to understand the literature of reproductive and teratogenic effects of substances without recourse to a multiplicity of other glossaries or dictionaries. The glossary includes terms related to basic and clinical reproductive biology and teratogenesis, insofar as they are necessary for a self-contained document, particularly terms related to diagnosing, measuring, and understanding the effects of substances on the embryo, the fetus, and on the male and female reproductive systems. The glossary consists of about 1200 primary alphabetical entries and includes Annexes of common abbreviations and examples of chemicals with known effects on human reproduction and development. The authors hope that toxicologists, pharmacologists, medical practitioners, risk assessors, and regulatory authorities are among the groups who will find this glossary helpful, in addition to chemists. In particular, the glossary should facilitate the worldwide use of chemical terminology in relation to occupational and environmental risk assessment.

scholarly journals Reproductive biology of Haemulon plumieri (Teleostei: Haemulidae) in Ceará state, Northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Shinozaki-Mendes ◽  
J Santander-Neto ◽  
JRF Silva ◽  
FHV Hazin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Total Fecundity ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Management And Conservation

The Haemulon plumieri is a typical reef-associated and tropical species found in warm and temperate waters of the Western Atlantic. Due to the large fishing effort directed to H. plumieri, the knowledge about its reproductive biology is essential for correct stock management and conservation. The aim of this study was to characterise reproductive biology with a focus on its seasonal variation of gonadal maturation stages, first maturation size and fecundity. Specimens were monthly collected and a total of 119 females and 136 males were analysed. The reproductive cycle of Haemulon plumieri is seasonal, with higher activity between March and May. Size at first maturity (L50) was estimated at 16.86 and 18.55 cm for females and males, respectively. The total fecundity ranged between 17,816 and 120,333 mature oocytes per female and relative fecundity was 235 ± 63 oocyte.g−1 whereas batch fecundity varied between 20 and 25% from total fecundity. Since the species is widely caught, we suggest a closed season from March to May and to establish a minimum catch size of 18.5 cm for both sexes, since there is no evident sexual dimorphism.

scholarly journals Ecology and Behaviour of the Spotted-backed Weaverbird in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas E. Collias ◽  
Elsie C. Collias
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
National Park ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Pair Formation ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Territorial Behaviour ◽  
Male And Female

Spotted-backed Weaverbirds were studied during September-December, 1969 in the Transvaal, chiefly in the Kruger National Park, and observations were made on their distribution, ecology and behaviour. Territorial behaviour, nest-building, pair formation displays, vocalizations and food habits are described as well as the division of labour between male and female in care of the young. Attacks by snakes and hawks are described as well as responses of the birds to their enemies. Behavioural relations to another species of weaver were also observed.

Temporal partitioning of reproductive activity in a neotropical anuran community

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Gottsberger ◽  
Edith Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Active Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Calling Activity

The phenology of calling activity and reproduction of a neotropical anuran community in French Guiana was studied during one rainy season. We investigated the correlation between calling activity, rainfall, temperature and water level in two ponds and recorded the occurrence of tadpoles of pond-breeding species. The study site contained 31 calling frog species, which were divided into groups according to reproductive mode. Increased rainfall was associated with increased reproductive activity in all groups, but temporal patterns in calling activity varied significantly between groups. Species with aquatic oviposition exhibited sporadic acoustic activity, aggregating into explosive breeding events following heavy rainfall. Species laying eggs in foam nests had the peak of calling activity at the start of the rainy season. Taxa with embryonic development on vegetation called mainly from middle to late wet season, being the only group which showed a significant correlation of calling with increasing water level. Dendrobatids with terrestrial oviposition and subsequent parental tadpole transportation were continuously active. Species with direct development or with non-feeding larvae were mainly active at the beginning of the rainy season. It is concluded that phenologies of calling activity in South American tropical anuran species are strongly influenced by abiotic factors like rainfall and availability of breeding sites. The temporal limitation of the rainy season forces species to adjust calling and reproductive activity according to their reproductive modes.

scholarly journals Phenology, reproductive biology and growing degree days of the grapevine ‘Isabel’ (Vitis labrusca, Vitaceae) cultivated in northeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. S. Nunes ◽  
A. V. Leite ◽  
C. C. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Inflorescence Development

Abstract Phenology and reproductive biology of cultivated species are important for the comprehension of the requirements for fruit and seed production and the management of pollinators. This study aimed to characterise the phenology, reproductive biology and growing degree days of the grapevine ‘Isabel’ (Vitis labrusca) in northeastern Brazil during January 2011 (P1), Augst 2011 (P2), April 2012 (P3) and August 2012 (P4). We recorded the duration (days) of the phenological stages, pruning (P), woolly bud (W), budburst (B), inflorescence development (ID), flowering (F), ripening (R) and harvest (H). We analysed the floral biology, the sexual system and the breeding system. We measured the growing degree days (GDD) required to reach the subperiods P-B, B-F and F-H. The periods P1, P2, P3 and P4 lasted for 116, 125, 117 and 130 days, respectively. The number of days of harvest were similar in the same dry (P1 and P3) and rainy (P2 and P4) periods. All the periods that we recorded were shorter than those observed in other regions of Brazil, which may be attributable to the mean temperature and carbohydrate metabolism. The flowers are green, hermaphroditic, with an odour of mignonette, low pollen viability and autogamous. The base temperature of 10°C was considered the most adequate for the subperiods as has been documented for other grape varieties in Brazil. Thus, temperature was also the most adequate for the cycles, presenting a smaller standard deviation (0.119, 0.147, 0.156 and 0.153 to P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively) when compared to a base temperature of 12°C (0.122, 0.158, 0.165 and 0.160 to P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively). The higher and the lower observed GDD were 1972.17 and 1870.05, respectively, both above the values recorded in other parts of Brazil for same variety. The phonological results, including knowledge of growing degree days, are important to the planning of cultures at the study site and in other regions that have similar climatic conditions and make it possible to pre-determine the harvest.

Two new species of Ctenitis (Dryopteridaceae) from South America and taxonomic notes on similar species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 239 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Stauffer Viveros ◽  
Alexandre Salino
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Ctenitis (Dryopteridaceae) from South America are described and illustrated: Ctenitis christensenii is endemic to southeastern Brazil and C. glandulosa occurs from southeastern to northeastern Brazil and in Guyana. An identification key and notes about the distribution, habitat and taxonomy of the new species, C. falciculata and allies are provided. Moreover, seven lectotypifications and two new synonyms are proposed.

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