Bio-management of tomato wilt complex caused by Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Munawar ◽  
Sajid Aleem Khan ◽  
Nazir Javed ◽  
Imran Ul Haq ◽  
Amjad Shahzad Gondal
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Purpureocillium Lilacinum ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Tomato Wilt

The potential of biocontrol agentsPurpureocillium lilacinum(Paecilomyceslilacinus) andTrichodermaharzianumwas evaluated against tomato wilt complex, caused by a combination ofMeloidogyne incognitaandFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici, under both laboratory and field conditions. Biocontrol agents at spore concentration of 1 × 106spores ml−1were applied alone and in combined treatments. The results of combined application revealed maximum mortality and inhibition of hatching ofM. incognitaunderin vitroconditions. Combined application of both antagonistic fungi was found to be more effective in mycelial inhibition ofFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici. In glasshouse trials, application ofT. harzianumpromoted overall plant growth, followed by combined application ofP. lilacinumandT. harzianum; nematode development parameters and fungus damage were significantly reduced. Under field conditions, the combined application ofP. lilacinumandT. harzianumincreased the number of leaves, shoot length, shoot weight and root length, and decreased root weight, with minimum number of females and egg masses ofM. incognitaper root system and mycelia inhibition ofF. oxysporum.

scholarly journals Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. strains against pea (Pisum sativum L.) Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi.

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Eduardo Checa Coral ◽  
Maribel Toro Criollo ◽  
Jesica Descanse Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Native Strains ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Similar Incidence

The antagonistic effectiveness of native strains of Trichoderma spp. on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi. in vitro, greenhouse and field conditions, were evaluated. In laboratory conditions, the antagonistic capacity of 12 strains of Trichoderma spp., strains C2, C7, C12 and C21, exhibited a better behavior measured by the following variables: inhibition halo and mycelial growth. In greenhouse conditions, the four strains, which showed the best in vitro antagonistic behavior were evaluated using a DIA experimental design with factorial arrangement for three factors which corresponded to strain, concentration and dose. The results of this evaluation, showed that strains C12 and C21 at doses of 20 mL, and at concentrations of 108 and 106 conidia.mL-1, respectively. The best antagonistic response was determined by variables as follows: plant height, fresh root weight and incidence. Under field conditions, the evaluations were carried out in the municipalities of Ipiales, Pupiales and Gualmatán, in the Department of Nariño, Colombia. In each location, a BCA experimental design was used with four treatments and five replicates, treatments were as follows: C12 strains at 108 concentration, C21 at 106 concentration, chemical control and absolute control. In Gualmatan location, C12 and C21 strains, showed no antagonistic capacity, whereas in Ipiales and Pupiales locations, strain C12, presented a lower incidence of F. oxysporum than the control, but with no effect on yields. In Pupiales location, C21 strain surpassed in performance to the control treatment, even though the two treatments had similar incidence.

scholarly journals Role of Biocontrol Agents in Management of Corm Rot of Saffron Caused by Fusarium oxysporum

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1398
Author(s):  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
Kausar Fatima ◽  
Vijay Kumar Razdan ◽  
Bhagwati Charan Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Maximum Reduction

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is considered as one of the most expensive spices. Fusarium corm rot of saffron, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is known to cause severe yield losses worldwide. In the present study, efficacy of biocontrol agents (Trichoderma asperellum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus stratosphericus, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus subtilis) along with a chemical fungicide, carbendazim, was evaluated for managing the corm rot of saffron. Under in vitro conditions, using dual culture and poison food techniques on potato dextrose agar, T. asperellum and carbendazim significantly reduced the mycelial growth of the pathogen F. oxysporum, with the inhibition of 62.76 and 60.27%, respectively, compared with control. Under field conditions, dipping of saffron corms in carbendazim and T. asperellum exhibited maximum reduction of 82.77 and 77.84%, respectively, in the disease incidence, during the first year of experiment. However, during the second year, maximum reduction in the incidence of corm rot (68.63%) was recorded with the T. asperellum. Moreover, the population density of F. oxysporum was also significantly reduced by 60 and 80.19% while using T. asperellum after 75 and 260 days of sowing of saffron corms, compared to its population before planting of corms. In case of growth promotion traits, such as sprouting and flowering, biocontrol treatments reduced the number of days (average) of sprouting and flower emergence after sowing, compared to control.

In vitro evaluation of some bacterial isolates as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents against the second stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2249-2256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed E. El-Hadad ◽  
Magdi I. Mustafa ◽  
Shawky M. Selim ◽  
Ahmed E. A. Mahgoob ◽  
Tarek S. El-Tayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Second Stage

scholarly journals Combinatorial efficacy of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens to enhance suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea.L

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rajeswari ◽  
R Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Pectinolytic Enzymes

Fusarium oxysporum, the soil borne pathogen causes vascular wilt, on majority of crop plants. It has been demonstrated that two different species of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas fluorescens suppress disease by different mechanisms. Therefore, application of a mixture of these biocontrol agents, and thus of several suppressive mechanisms, may represent a viable control strategy. A necessity for biocontrol by combinations of biocontrol agents can be the compatibility of the co-inoculated micro-organisms. Hence, compatibility between Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens that have the ability to suppress Fusarium oxysporum in vitro on the activity of pectinolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. The activity of pectinolytic enzymes, i.e. pectin methyl esterase, endo and exo polymethylgalacturonases and exo and endo pectin trans eliminases produced by Fusarium oxysporum (Control) was higher. Maximum inhibition of pectin methylesterase, exo and endo polymethylgalacturonase and exo and endopectin trans eliminase was shown by culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Tv+Pf) (1+2%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens, (Th +Pf) (1.5+2%) and Trichoderma viride + Trichoderma harzianum (Tv+Th) (1+1.5%). However, pathogenecity suppression of Fusarium oxysporum, a causative of Arachis hypogaea. L by the compatible combination of Trichodema viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (1+2%) was significantly better as compared to the single bio-agent. This indicates that specific interactions between biocontrol agents influence suppression of pathogenicity factors directly by combinations of these compatible bio-agents.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 36-42, December, 2017

scholarly journals Evaluación in vitro de diez cepas de hongos nematófagos para el control de Meloidogyne exigua, Meloidogyne incognita y Radopholus similis

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ingrid Varela-Benavides ◽  
Joaquín Durán-Mora ◽  
Tomás Guzmán-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Gliocladium Roseum ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Penicillium Janthinellum

<p class="p1">El desarrollo de alternativas al uso de nematicidas, plaguicidas altamente tóxicos, es un tema de importancia en la actualidad. En esta línea ha habido un creciente reconocimiento de la efectividad del control biológico por medio de hongos nematófagos. Por tales razones, y con el fin de determinar la capacidad nematófaga de hongos que habían sido previamente aislados de fincas en la Región Huetar Norte, se establecieron ensayos <em>in vitro,</em> en los que se evaluó la mortalidad de individuos de <em>Radopholus similis</em>, <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em> y <em>M. exigua</em> expuestos a estos hongos. Según los criterios establecidos, las cepas de <em>Hypocrea virens</em> y <em>Penicillium janthinellum</em> no presentaron actividad nematicida contra ninguna de las especies de nematodos. <em>Monacrosporium megalosporum</em>, <em>Trichoderma spirale</em> y <em>T. asperellum</em> 2 presentaron actividad nematicida contra <em>R. similis</em> y <em>M. exigua.</em> Mientras que <em>Gliocladium roseum</em> y <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> mostraron actividad únicamente en contra de <em>R. similis</em>. <em>T. asperellum</em> y <em>Gongronella butleri</em> también mostraron potencial de control en contra de <em>M. exigua</em>. Ninguna de las cepas cumple con lo establecido para considerarla con actividad nematicida contra juveniles de <em>M. incognita. </em>Además<em>, P. lilacinus</em> y <em>F. oxysporum</em> mostraron capacidad para parasitar huevos de las dos especies de <em>Meloidogyne </em>evaluadas. <em>T. asperellum</em> y <em>T. spirale </em>parasitaron huevos de <em>M. incognita,</em> mientras que <em>M. megalosporum</em> parasitó un 56% de los huevos de <em>M. exigua. </em>Estos resultados deben ser confirmados con pruebas en campo, estudiar posibles metabolitos producidos por estos hongos, evaluar la posibilidad de mejoramiento genético de los mismos y estudiar los genes involucrados en su capacidad para parasitar nematodos.</p>

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from roots of Piper nigrum and their activities against Fusarium oxysporum and Meloidogyne incognita

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 682-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIRATNO WIRATNO ◽  
MUHAMMAD SYAKIR ◽  
IRWANTO SUCIPTO ◽  
ANKARDIANSYAH PANDU PRADANA
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract. Wiratno, Syakir M, Sucipto I, Pradana AP. 2019. Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from roots of Piper nigrum and their activities against Fusarium oxysporum and Meloidogyne incognita. Biodiversitas 20: 682-687. The endophytic bacteria from spices plants have potential as biocontrol agents. Nevertheless, their potential has not been explored. Pepper plant (Piper nigrum L.) is linked with promising endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents. This study aimed to obtain isolates of endophytic bacteria from root tissues of pepper plant. The isolation of endophytic bacteria was done using surface-sterilization method and using Tryptone Soya Agar (TSA) medium. The result showed that 10 endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated. We found that a total of 9 bacteria were safe for plants and mammals and used for subsequent steps. The selected bacteria showed inhibition activity of Fusarium oxysporum (18.6 to 43.7%). Furthermore, the secondary metabolites of the endophytic bacteria also promoted lethal effects on Meloidogyne incognita (16.6 to 65.8%). The physiological activity also showed that seven isolates were able to produce chitinase, and four (4) isolates were able to produce protease. Additionally, 55.6% of isolates were also able to dissolve phosphorus and fix nitrogen. This study provided fundamental information related to the biocontrol properties of endophytic bacteria isolated from pepper plant roots.

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