Bursaphelenchus sakishimanus n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from a stag beetle, Dorcus titanus sakishimanus Nomura (Coleoptera: Lucanidae), on Ishigaki Island, Japan

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Kimiko Okabe ◽  
Youichi Kobori
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Ishigaki Island ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
Stag Beetles ◽  
Close Relatives

An undescribedBursaphelenchusspecies was isolated and cultured fromDorcus titanus sakishimanuscollected during a field survey of the insect-associated nematodes in subtropical Japan. The stag beetles were collected from Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan, and dissected to examine their nematode associates. Then the dissected bodies were individually transferred to 2.0% agar plates, and nematode propagation on the plates was periodically examined. Nematodes were first recovered from the agar plate,i.e., the number of nematodes carried by the beetle was low, and infection was not confirmed during dissection. The new species was morphologically and phylogenetically (on a molecular basis) close toB. gerberae, which was isolated from the palm weevil,Rhynchophorus palmarum(Curculionidae), from tropical America, and to other weevil-associatedBursaphelenchusspecies. However, the new species can be distinguished from its close relatives by its typological characters,e.g., long and slender female tail and male spicule morphology as well as phylogenetic status inferred from the near-full-length of the small subunit (SSU) of the ribosomal RNA gene. The new species is described and illustrated herein asB. sakishimanusn. sp. and its molecular profiles, near-full-length SSU, and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of ribosomal RNA are described. This is the secondBursaphelenchusspecies associated with stag beetles (Lucanidae).

Diplogasteroides luxuriosae n. sp. associated with Acalolepta luxuriosa (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Japan

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Tatsuya Ide
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Aralia Elata ◽  
Longhorn Beetle ◽  
Receptaculum Seminis ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Rna Genes

Diplogasteroides luxuriosae n. sp. is described from a species of longhorn beetle, Acalolepta luxuriosa (Cerambycidae), associated with a broad-leaved tree, Aralia elata (Araliaceae), from the Ibaraki and Kyoto Prefectures of Japan. Besides its generic (or intrageneric species group-specific) characteristics, the new species is characterised and distinguished from its close relatives by its apomorphic characteristics, i.e., broad spicule with a trapezoidal shape, gubernaculum with pointed anterior, and posterior ends with two gland-like cells dorsally overlapping the vas deferens of males and large and wide receptaculum seminis of females. The new species is molecularly similar to two recently described Diplogasteroides spp., D. andrassyi and D. asiaticus. However, D. luxuriosae n. sp. is molecularly distinguished from these two species by the 6-7 bp difference in near-full-length small subunit (18S) and 10-14 bp differences in D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunit (28S) ribosomal RNA genes.

New observations on Miculenchus Andrássy, 1959 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) with descriptions of two new and one known species from Iran

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 937-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Panahandeh ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Sergio Álvarez-Ortega ◽  
Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Molecular Approaches

Summary During nematological surveys in grasslands and natural forests of north and north-western Iran, three species of Miculenchus, including two new and one known species, were recovered and characterised based upon morphological and molecular approaches. Miculenchus brevisalvus n. sp., the first new species, is mainly characterised by its short females 334-388 μm long and with a short 6.0-7.5 μm long stylet, pyriform to pyriform-elongate pharyngeal bulb, 4-8 μm long post-uterine sac (PUS), offset rounded spermatheca filled with small spheroid sperm, elongate conoid tail 62-83 μm long with a sharp tip, and males with simple cloacal lips. Miculenchus muscus n. sp., the second new species, is characterised by a combination of the following features: body 401-467 μm long, well-developed protuberant labial plate at the anterior end under light microscopy, stylet 7-9 μm long, pyriform pharyngeal bulb, PUS 4-9 μm long, gradually narrowing conical tail 62-74 μm long with a finely pointed or sharp end and bearing several fine bristles at tip, and a male with projecting cloacal lips. Both newly described species were morphologically compared with four currently known species of the genus, viz., M. elegans, M. salmae, M. salvus, and M. tesselatus. Miculenchus salmae was also recovered and reported from Iran for the first time. It is mainly characterised by lacking a PUS and the characteristic vagina shape. Miculenchus muscus n. sp. and M. salmae were both characterised using scanning electron microscopic images, yielding new morphological observations for the genus. All three species are studied for their molecular phylogenetic characters using sequences of near-full length fragments of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) and the D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA D2-D3). In both SSU and LSU phylogenies, all currently sequenced species of Miculenchus formed a monophyletic group with maximal clade support in both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analysis.

scholarly journals Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Hydnellum (Bankeraceae, Basidiomycota) from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Yan-Hong Mu ◽  
Jia-Rui Yu ◽  
Ting Cao ◽  
Xiang-Hua Wang ◽  
Hai-Sheng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Morphological Studies

The genus Hydnellum is an important group of stipitate hydnaceous fungi which can form ectomycorrhiza with many species of woody plants. In recent decades, the frequency and number of basidiocarps observed in China have been declining significantly. So far, however, we know little about the species diversity of Hydnellum in China. In this study, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses based on sections of multiple loci, including the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) and the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RPB2), as well as morphological studies, of collected samples of Hydnellum from China. We also inferred Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies for the order Thelephorales from the dataset of the combined nLSU and ITS. This study has revealed the phylogenetic position of Hydnellum in the order Thelephorales, and phylogenetically confirmed ten major clades in Thelephorales; Twenty-nine taxa are proposed, described or reported, including 10 new subgenera (Hydnellum subgenus Hydnellum, subg. Caesispinosum, subg. Croceum, subg. Inflatum, subg. Rhizomorphum, subg. Scabrosum, subg. Spongiosum, subg. Subindufibulatum, subg. Violaceum and subg. Zonatum), 11 new species (Hydnellum atrorubrum, H. atrospinosum, H. bomiense, H. brunneorubrum, H. fibulatum, H. granulosum, H. inflatum, H. rubidofuscum, H. squamulosum, H. sulcatum and H. yunnanense), 3 newly recorded species (H. caeruleum, H. peckii and H. spongiosipes) and 5 notable specimens (Hydnellum sp 1, H. sp 2, H. sp 3, H. sp 4 and H. sp 5). A classification system based on the morphological characteristics (especially the hyphal structure types) and molecular analyses is proposed to accommodate most species in Hydnellum. The distinguishing characters of the subgenera and the new species with their closely related taxa are discussed. A key to the species of Hydnellum from China is provided.

Description of Ektaphelenchus berbericus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Ektaphelenchinae) from eastern Iran

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1063-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Alvani ◽  
Esmat Mahdikhani-Moghadam ◽  
Robin M. Giblin-Davis ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Eastern Iran

Ektaphelenchus berbericus n. sp. was recovered from soil samples collected in eastern Iran and is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterised by having female body 512-691 μm long, lip region separated from rest of body by a shallow depression, lips separated and equally sized, 19-22 μm long stylet with wide lumen and lacking knobs or swellings at its base, cuticle with fine, but distinct transverse annuli and three lines in lateral field, excretory pore located at base of metacorpus (with slight variation in position), reproductive system monodelphic-prodelphic with spheroid and fine sperm cells inside spermatheca in some individuals and short post-vulval uterine sac (PUS), rectum and anus vestigial (invisible in few individuals), conical posterior body end (tail), narrowing at mid-point between anus and rounded tail tip, and males lacking. The new species is typologically similar to species belonging to four genera: Devibursaphelenchus, Ektaphelenchoides, Ektaphelenchus and Seinura, by a combination of morphological characters, e.g., gross morphology of stylet (lacking knobs or swellings at base), morphology of posterior body end (having short conical tail), PUS length, and having a vestigial anus and rectum in most individuals. In molecular phylogenetic analyses using sequences of the partial small subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) and the D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA gene, the new species is close to the Ektaphelenchoides/Cryptaphelenchus clade in an inferred SSU tree, and formed a clade with Ektaphelenchoides and Devibursaphelenchus spp. in a D2-D3 LSU tree. Further phylogenetic analyses using full length sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) (= ITS1 + 5.8S + ITS2) corroborated results from the SSU and D2-D3 LSU trees, and the multilocus analyses using the combined SSU and LSU data placed the new species in a robustly supported clade with Ektaphelenchoides poinari and Devibursaphelenchus lini.

Description of Ruehmaphelenchus fujiensis n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from dead wood of Quercus crispula from Yamanashi, Japan

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Quercus Crispula ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Summary Three undescribed Ruehmaphelenchus species were isolated from dead wood of Quercus crispula collected in three different localities in Japan. One of these three species was successfully cultured using Botrytis cinerea as its food fungus and is described and figured as R. fujiensis n. sp. The new species is characterised by the following features: male tail, conical with or without a projection; female tail, conical with variously shaped terminal mucron or projection; and male spicule possessing a relatively long and triangular condylus. The new species is close to, or almost a cryptic species of R. digitulus, i.e., the typological characters and morphometric values of these two species are mostly overlapping. In a molecular phylogenetic relationship inferred from near-full-length small subunit (18S) and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (28S) of ribosomal RNA, the new species is close to R. asiaticus, R. digitulus, R. formosanus, and Ruehmaphelenchus sp. NKZ202; however, it was clearly separated from these species.

Description of Ruehmaphelenchus formosanus n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Euwallacea fornicates from Taiwan

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Hayato Masuya ◽  
Hisatomo Taki ◽  
Kimiko Okabe ◽  
Chi-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Males And Females

A Ruehmaphelenchus species was isolated from an ambrosia beetle, Euwallacea fornicates, during a biodiversity survey of entomophilic nematodes in Taichung, Taiwan. The new species is characterised by a unique tail morphology in both males and females, and a unique spicule morphology in males. The male spicule has clear dorsal and ventral limbs (connected by a blade-like cuticle), a triangular membrane-like structure on its sides, and short, conspicuous, laterally oriented, projections at the distal end. In a molecular phylogenetic tree, inferred from near-full-length small subunit (SSU: 18S) and D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU: 28S) of ribosomal RNA, the new species and other nominal and undescribed Ruehmaphelenchus species formed a well supported clade within Bursaphelenchus. Although this result supports a previous study that suggested that Ruehmaphelenchus is a junior synonym of Bursaphelenchus, the generic relationship between Ruehmaphelenchus and Bursaphelenchus remains somewhat uncertain. Therefore, R. formosanus n. sp. is described as a member of Ruehmaphelenchus, although this should be regarded as a tentative placement.

Bursaphelenchus osumiana n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from dead Pinus armandii var. amamiana in Osumi Islands in Japan

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 903-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Mitsuteru Akiba ◽  
Seiichi Kanetani ◽  
Kenshi Tetsuka ◽  
Hiroharu Ikegame
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Sequence Profiles

An undescribed Bursaphelenchus species was isolated and cultured from materials collected during a field survey of a declining endemic pine species. Two nematode isolates were obtained from dead Pinus armandii var. amamiana on two islands (Yakushima and Tanegashima) in Kagoshima, Japan. The new nematode is described and illustrated herein as B. osumiana n. sp. Typologically, B. osumiana n. sp. is similar to B. parvispicularis and B. paraparvispicularis, i.e., males of these species have a short, stout spicule. The new species is distinguished from the other two by the shape of the male bursal flap (very small and triangular) and female tail morphology (weakly ventrally arcuate with narrow rounded or weakly pointed terminus), which are unique to this species. Near full-length molecular sequences of the small subunit (18S), internal transcribed spacer region, and D2D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of ribosomal RNA and a partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) were obtained to molecularly profile the new species. The sequence profiles were identical for the two isolates of B. osumiana n. sp., and were close to those of B. parvispicularis and B. paraparvispicularis. The new species was clearly distinguished molecularly from both of its close relatives and its molecular phylogenetic status and typological characters were in accordance. Other biological characters, e.g., carrier insect species and pathogenicity with regard to pine tree species, have not been clarified and should be examined in future studies.

scholarly journals Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Favolaschia calocera Complex (Mycenaceae) with Descriptions of Four New Species

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
Qiu-Yue Zhang ◽  
Yu-Cheng Dai
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Three New Species

Favolaschia calocera was originally described from Madagascar, and reported to have a worldwide distribution. In the current study, samples of the Favolaschia calocera from Central America, Australia, China, Kenya, Italy, New Zealand, and Thailand were analyzed by using both morphological and molecular methods. Phylogenetic analyses were based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) dataset, and the combined five-locus dataset of ITS, large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mt-SSU), the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nu-SSU), and the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1). Our study proves that Favolaschia calocera is a species complex, and six species are recognized in the complex including four new species. Three new species F. brevibasidiata, F. brevistipitata, and F. longistipitata from China; and one new species F. minutissima from Asia. In addition, Favolaschia claudopus (Singer) Q.Y. Zhang & C. Dai, earlier treated as a variety of Favolaschia calocera R. Heim, were raised to species rank. Illustrated descriptions of these five new taxa are given. An identification key and a comparison of the characteristics of species in the Favolaschia calocera complex are provided.

scholarly journals Two new calcicolous caloplacoid lichens from South Korea, with a taxonomic key to the species of Huriella and Squamulea

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Beeyoung Gun Lee ◽  
Jae-Seoun Hur
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Large Subunit Ribosomal Rna

Pyrenodesmia rugosa Lee & Hur and Huriella aeruginosa Lee & Hur are described as new lichen-forming fungi from a calcareous mountain of South Korea. Pyrenodesmia rugosa is distinguishable from Pyrenodesmia micromontana (Frolov, Wilk & Vondrák) Hafellner & Türk, the most similar species, by thicker thallus, rugose areoles, larger apothecia, shorter hymenium, shorter hypothecium and narrower tip cells of paraphyses. Huriella aeruginosa, the second new species, differs from ‘Squamulea’ chelonia Bungartz & Søchting by dark greenish-grey to grey thallus without pruina, gold to yellow-brown epihymenium, larger ascospores and thallus K– and KC– reaction. Molecular analyses employing internal transcribed spacer (ITS), mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU) sequences strongly support the two caloplacoid species to be distinct in their genera. A surrogate key is provided to assist in the identification of all 20 taxa in Huriella and Squamulea.

scholarly journals Species Diversity and Molecular Phylogeny of Cyanosporus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Liu ◽  
Lu-Lu Shen ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tai-Min Xu ◽  
Genevieve Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene

Cyanosporus is a cosmopolitan brown-rot fungal genus, recognizable by blue-tinted basidiocarps. Species in this genus were usually treated as belonging to the Postia caesia complex, however, recent phylogenetic analyses showed that this complex represents an independent genus. During further studies on Cyanosporus, five new species were discovered based on morphological features and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses of Cyanosporus were conducted using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU), the small subunit of mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF); illustrated descriptions of the new species are provided. In addition, fifteen species previously belonging to the Postia caesia complex are transferred to Cyanosporus and proposed as new combinations.

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