Grenzland als Synergie- und Dysergiezone

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Pavel N. Donec
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Mixed Zone ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The author discusses reasons for the scientific interest on the definition of “border / borderland / boundary” in many research-fields, various types of which are described in the article. It is suggested that at least two of them – “threshold” and “mixed zone” – are significantly marked by processes of syn-/ and dysergy. For this reason, the category of “border / borderland / boundary” should be included into the terminological instrumentarium of synergetics and systems theory.

scholarly journals Cycle and flow trusses in directed networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 160270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Takaguchi ◽  
Yuichi Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Truss Structures ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Directed Networks ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Information Finding ◽  
Empirical Networks ◽  
Module Structures

When we represent real-world systems as networks, the directions of links often convey valuable information. Finding module structures that respect link directions is one of the most important tasks for analysing directed networks. Although many notions of a directed module have been proposed, no consensus has been reached. This lack of consensus results partly because there might exist distinct types of modules in a single directed network, whereas most previous studies focused on an independent criterion for modules. To address this issue, we propose a generic notion of the so-called truss structures in directed networks. Our definition of truss is able to extract two distinct types of trusses, named the cycle truss and the flow truss, from a unified framework. By applying the method for finding trusses to empirical networks obtained from a wide range of research fields, we find that most real networks contain both cycle and flow trusses. In addition, the abundance of (and the overlap between) the two types of trusses may be useful to characterize module structures in a wide variety of empirical networks. Our findings shed light on the importance of simultaneously considering different types of modules in directed networks.

scholarly journals Sensing the City: Legibility in the Context of Mediated Spatial Terrains

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems Theory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

Smartphones, with their “pervasive presence” in contact with our bodies, have come to act as sensory prosthetics that mediate our experience of the city. They activate new possibilities of navigating the urban, such that we can find exactly what we want, rather than what has been placed before us. This article argues that smartphone technologies produce a more fluid engagement with urban space: where space is not so much “given” as “enacted.” In this context, notions of “legibility” take on new algorithmic and virtual forms. Thus, according to Hamilton and colleagues, where “the legible city waited to be read, the transparent city of data waits to be accessed.” Here, stable features dissolve as urban space becomes increasingly fluid and contingent, no longer limited by static patterns of inhabitation. Instead, how we move and where we move shift in accordance with the kinds of urban resources being activated at any given location, at any given moment, and in conjunction with the shifting vicissitudes of the crowd. In this context, the virtual (in its technological definition of cyber-enabled or -enacted space) mediates and activates the virtual (in its philosophical definition pertaining to the capacities of an entity that may or may not be manifested depending on context). The article considers the implications of this novel spatial mediation using an ontological perspective informed by complex adaptive systems theory, which considers forms and objects not as absolutes but rather as contingent entities activated through interactions.

The Holon/Parton Theory of the Unit of Culture (or the Meme, and Narreme)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1590-1627
Author(s):  
J. T. Velikovsky
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Evolutionary Systems ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Definition Of

A universal problem in the disciplines of communication, creativity, philosophy, biology, psychology, sociology, anthropology, archaeology, history, linguistics, information science, cultural studies, literature, media and other domains of knowledge in both the arts and sciences has been the definition of ‘culture' (see Kroeber & Kluckhohn, 1952; Baldwin et al., 2006), including the specification of ‘the unit of culture', and, mechanisms of culture. This chapter proposes a theory of the unit of culture, or, the ‘meme' (Dawkins, 1976; Dennett, 1995; Blackmore, 1999), a unit which is also the narreme (Barthes, 1966), or ‘unit of story', or ‘unit of narrative'. The holon/parton theory of the unit of culture (Velikovsky, 2014) is a consilient (Wilson, 1998) synthesis of (Koestler, 1964, 1967, 1978) and Feynman (1975, 2005) and also the Evolutionary Systems Theory model of creativity (Csikszentmihalyi, 1988-2014; Simonton, 1984-2014). This theory of the unit of culture potentially has applications across all creative cultural domains and disciplines in the sciences, arts and communication media.

The Missing System in Social Work's Application of Systems Theory

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Marks Mishne
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of

Amid ongoing struggles regarding definition of the knowledge base for the social work profession, a meaningful application of an ego psychological perspective offers a significant, although not exclusive link. The concept is capable of contributing to coherence in the educational and practice base of social work.

scholarly journals Deep Learning for Historical Document Analysis and Recognition—A Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Francesco Lombardi ◽  
Simone Marinai
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Novel Applications

Nowadays, deep learning methods are employed in a broad range of research fields. The analysis and recognition of historical documents, as we survey in this work, is not an exception. Our study analyzes the papers published in the last few years on this topic from different perspectives: we first provide a pragmatic definition of historical documents from the point of view of the research in the area, then we look at the various sub-tasks addressed in this research. Guided by these tasks, we go through the different input-output relations that are expected from the used deep learning approaches and therefore we accordingly describe the most used models. We also discuss research datasets published in the field and their applications. This analysis shows that the latest research is a leap forward since it is not the simple use of recently proposed algorithms to previous problems, but novel tasks and novel applications of state of the art methods are now considered. Rather than just providing a conclusive picture of the current research in the topic we lastly suggest some potential future trends that can represent a stimulus for innovative research directions.

scholarly journals Industry standard of the land management project on the organization of the territory of state scientific institutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Dorosh ◽  
◽  
R. Kharytonenko ◽  
E. Butenko ◽  
D. Melnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Management Project ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Definition Of

The normative legal acts, scientific publications and land management projects on the organization of the territory in particular of the state scientific institutions and enterprises of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (hereinafter - NAAS) are analyzed. It is established that in the current legislation there is no type of land management documentation to address the organization of land use of state institutions and enterprises of NAAS. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop an industry standard that will take into account the specifics of land use of NAAS institutions and enterprises, which include land, research fields, nurseries, valuable land for research, which must be taken into account when developing land management documentation. The definition of the term organization of the territory is offered. The design of regulatory documents (industry standard) in accordance with DSTU 1.5: 2015, which indicates the typical structural elements that need to be shown when developing the standard. The branch standard of the land management project concerning the organization of the territory of land use of the state establishments and the enterprises of NAAS is offered taking into account specific functional features of use of the agricultural lands of the state establishments and the enterprises of NAAS.

Swimming in the Liquid Age

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Brusaporci
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Digital Representation ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
Definition Of

Aim of the chapter is to present a critical reflection on computer-based visualization of the architectural heritage and investigate on its relationship with other disciplines, starting from interdisciplinary experiences and from examples of other subject areas, in particular the archaeological one. In particular digital tools are used indifferently and simultaneously in dissimilar research fields, and scholars of different fields work and publish together. A clear definition of the ontologies, principles and procedures for advanced surveying, modeling, and visualization could allow the interdisciplinary collaboration. But cornerstone is the awareness of the disciplinary characteristics of the architectural heritage's issues for its critical digital representation.

Music and Analogy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Zbikowski
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Musical Sound ◽  
Symbol Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Perceptual Symbol Systems

This chapter reviews recent research on analogy and explains how humans’ capacity for analogical thought shapes the production and comprehension of music. The chapter includes an introduction to Lawrence Barsalou’s perceptual symbol systems theory, which is used to explain how embodied experience informs analogical thought, especially that associated with music. Analogical reference, an idea adapted from Peirce’s concept of iconicity, is introduced, leading to a systematic definition of the sonic analogs for dynamic processes that provide the foundation for musical grammar. The chapter also explores how meaning can be constructed through sequences of musical sound.

Fundamentals of Multisensory Experiences

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Carlos Velasco ◽  
Marianna Obrist
Keyword(s):  
Research Fields ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Definition Of

What is an ‘experience’, and what role do the senses play in our experiences? Is it possible to design specific experiences with the senses in mind? These questions have fascinated generations of philosophers, scientists, artists, and, increasingly, technologists. This chapter describes the fundamentals of multisensory experiences and presents our own definition of this concept. In this chapter, a group of experts in different research fields and industries shares their understanding of experiences and the role of the senses in them. Finally, the chapter presents key concepts about the senses and how to consider them when shaping experiences.

WAIVER OF SUBJECTIVE RIGHT INSTITUTE: LEGAL NATURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
I. N. Chebotareva ◽  
◽  
O. S. Pashutina ◽  
I. V. Revina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Look ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The nature of a subjective right causes the possibility of a criminal proceedings participant willingly, based on own interests and wishes, both to exercise the right exactly and waive it and not to use the provided procedural possibilities. Within the criminal proceedings, the waiver of the right institute is new, underdeveloped. There is practically no understanding of its subject matter and the extent of its exercise at the level of doctrine and jurisprudence as opposed to the foreign experience and civil legal regulation, which causes definite scientific interest in this topic. The paper carries out the look-back analysis of the definition of the nature of the waiver of the subjective right in Russian legal doctrine. This institute is relatively new and little researched in the Russian doctrine, which determines a particular scientific interest in the study of this issue. The paper provides the authors’ description of the waiver of the subjective right. In respect to the Russian criminal procedural legislation, the authors highlight the necessity to distinguish between the refusal of a right and the refusal to exercise a right by the participants in the criminal procedural activity; analyze the differentiated approach of the legislator on this issue. Based on the theoretical and legal analysis, the authors define that the waiver of the subjective right has definite essential features, forms, and ways of implementation, as well as specify the criteria for its admissibility. The paper proves the conclusion that the waiver of the right within the criminal process is possible under such conditions, as the direct willingness of a subject of criminal law relations to waive a right; the awareness of the existence of a particular procedural right and the consequences of such refusal; the form of a waiver showing its voluntary nature by implementing the intended freedom of choice. The authors expressed the proposals aimed at the improvement of norms of current criminal procedural legislation.

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