Seasons induce changes in the daily rhythm of plasma melatonin in goats (Capra hircus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Carcangiu ◽  
Claudia Giannetto ◽  
Sebastiano Luridiana ◽  
Francesco Fazio ◽  
Maria Consuelo Mura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Winter Solstice ◽  
Vernal Equinox ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Natural Photoperiod

To evaluate the influence of natural photoperiod on the daily rhythm of melatonin, we assessed melatonin plasma concentration at four different times of the year. Ten Sarda breed goats were led to the natural pasture during the day and were kept in a common stall during the night. Blood samples were collected by means of a cannula inserted into the jugular vein, every two hours for a 24-hour period during the vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox, and winter solstice. Our results showed the existence of clear seasonal variation in the daily rhythm of plasma melatonin in goats, with the highest MESOR value in winter followed by spring. Acrophase was always observed in the middle of the scotophase. Robustness of the rhythm was higher in the spring as compared to the winter. Our results showed a daily rhythm of plasma melatonin concentration strongly related to the seasons. These results could be useful to establish appropriately timed melatonin and/or photoperiod treatments for the management of reproductive physiology in goats.

Seasonal change of daily motor activity rhythms in Capra hircus

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Piccione ◽  
Claudia Giannetto ◽  
Stefania Casella ◽  
Giovanni Caola
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Winter Solstice ◽  
Vernal Equinox ◽  
Activity Rhythms ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Natural Photoperiod

To evaluate if seasonal changes in photoperiod and temperature were associated with changes in total daily motor activity we recorded the total daily motor activity of five clinically healthy goats at four different times of the year (vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox and winter solstice). Goats were housed under natural photoperiod and natural ambient temperature in a 12-m2 sound-proof box equipped with 50 × 100 cm opening window, which allowed natural ventilation. Total motor activity of each goat was recorded by Actiwatch-Mini®, actigraphy-based data loggers that record a digitally integrated measure of motor activity. Our results show the existence of clear seasonal variations in daily activity rhythms in goats, with the highest daily amount of activity during the vernal equinox (769.21 ± 82.56 movements h-1) and the lowest during the winter solstice (401.65 ± 61.82 movements h-1) (P < 0.0001). There was also a change in the amount of motor activity observed during photophase and scotophase through the year (P < 0.0001). The cosine peak (times of the daily peaks), always occurred in the middle of the photoperiods and varied from season to season (P < 0.0001). Our data indicate that daily motor activity of goats varies with season. Key words: Daily rhythm, environmental condition, total activity, goat

scholarly journals Perioperative plasma melatonin concentration in postoperative critically ill patients: Its association with delirium

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiho Yoshitaka ◽  
Moritoki Egi ◽  
Hiroshi Morimatsu ◽  
Tomoyuki Kanazawa ◽  
Yuichiro Toda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Melatonin

Seasonal and daily plasma melatonin rhythms and reproduction in Senegal sole kept under natural photoperiod and natural or controlled water temperature

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Vera ◽  
C. De Oliveira ◽  
J. F. López-Olmeda ◽  
J. Ramos ◽  
E. Mañanós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Senegal Sole

The Uncertain Influence of Spring Photoperiod on Spawning in the American Lobster, Homarus americanus

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Aiken ◽  
S. L. Waddy
Keyword(s):  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Winter Solstice ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
H 30

The literature contains a report that induction of final vitellogenesis and time of spawning in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) is controlled by spring photoperiod. However, we could not corroborate this. Two experiments with American lobsters held throughout the winter in Canadian Atlantic seawater temperatures indicated no effect of spring photoperiod on time of spawning. In one experiment the onset of spring photophase was delayed by 2 mo. In the second experiment the photophase at the winter solstice (9 h 46 min) was gradually shortened over ensuing months to 5 h 30 min on 7 July. Neither of these treatments altered the time of spawning relative to control animals on a simulated natural photoperiod cycle. Spawning occurred at photoperiods of LD 6:18 and LD 15:9.

scholarly journals Summer and Winter Cycles in Plasma Melatonin Levels in the Elephant Seal (Mirounga Leonina)

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Griffiths ◽  
RF Seamark ◽  
MM Bryden
Keyword(s):  
Elephant Seal ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Ambient Lighting ◽  
Nocturnal Rise

Plasma melatonin concentration of immature male elephant seals was determined by radioimmunoassay. Comparison of concentrations during two 24-h periods, one in midsummer and one in midwinter, showed that there was a marked circadian cycle in winter which was greatly modified during the long day length of summer. It is suggested that in summer there was sufficient ambient lighting during the night hours to depress the nocturnal rise in plasma melatonin. The complexity of pineal cycles in the natural environment is stressed, and in this regard the polar regions are of particular interest due to the extreme seasonal changes in day length there.

scholarly journals Effects of Duodenal 5-Hydroxytryptophan Perfusion on Melatonin Synthesis in GI Tract of Sheep

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5275
Author(s):  
Jun Pan ◽  
Fengming Li ◽  
Caidie Wang ◽  
Xiaobin Li ◽  
Shiqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Major Site ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Melatonin Synthesis ◽  
Melatonin Production

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) duodenal perfusion on melatonin (MT) synthesis in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of sheep. 5-hydroxytryptophan is a precursor in the melatonin synthetic pathway. The results showed that this method significantly increased melatonin production in the mucosa of all segments in GI tract including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon. The highest melatonin level was identified in the colon and this indicates that the microbiota located in the colon may also participate in the melatonin production. In addition, portion of the melatonin generated by the GI tract can pass the liver metabolism and enters the circulation via portal vein. The current study provides further evidence to support that GI tract is the major site for melatonin synthesis and the GI melatonin also contributes to the circulatory melatonin level since plasma melatonin concentrations in 5-HTP treated groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. In conclusion, the results show that 10–50 mg of 5-HTP flowing into the duodenum within 6 h effectively improve the production of melatonin in the GI tract and melatonin concentration in sheep blood circulation during the day.

scholarly journals Serum testosterone concentration in surgically castrated Black Bengal goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hasan ◽  
MAH Miah ◽  
TA Rosy ◽  
PK Jha ◽  
NS Juyena
Keyword(s):  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Tunica Vaginalis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The experiment was carried out to detect the blood serum testosterone concentration after orchiectomy in Black Bengal bucks (Capra hircus). Twelve apparently healthy bucks of 8 - 10 months old were randomly divided into two groups. Group A were castrated surgically through open uncover method and group B remained intact. Local analgesia (2% lidocaine hydrochloride) @ 0.5 mL per spermatic cord and 0.5 mL at the tip of each scrotum were applied initially in all bucks. After aseptic preparation, incision was given at the tip of the scrotum and tunica vaginalis was incised to exteriorize the testis. Anchoring was done at the spermatic cord followed by orchiectomy. The scrotal raphe was incised to reach the other testis and the same procedure was followed. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein before orchiectomy and on day 30. In the castrated bucks, serum testosterone concentration was significantly (P<0.01) decreased from day 0 (6.1 ± 0.2 ng/mL) to day 30 (0.6 ± 0.0 ng/mL), which confirmed the efficacy of castration.Bangl. vet. 2016. Vol. 33, No. 2, 71-77

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