Minority Perception of Police Legitimacy in Finland: The Patterns and Predictors

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Egharevba
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
The World ◽  
Perception Of Police ◽  
The Relationship

Across the world, minorities are often perceived as social problems in policy formulations and processes in many societies. This perspective gets support from the notion that minorities engage in deviant and criminal behaviour. However, in Finland fewer scholarly attentions have explored the extent of minority attitudes and experiences as they relate to social problems in societies. The aim of this study is to explore procedural justice and its understanding thereof by minorities and racial groups in Finland in complying with police orders. Data for this study was collected between April 2013 and July 2015 from (N = 650) respondents from three major cities (Helsinki, Tampere and Turku) using minority experiences of racial profiling, encounters and unfair policing as variables that increase minority distrust in procedural justice in Finland. The result suggests that ethnicity influences minority views of procedural justice in the country. The implication of this finding is that there is a need for more exploration of the relationship between the police and minorities in Finland.

The Link between Communicative Intelligence and Procedural Justice

2016 ◽  
pp. 456-478
Author(s):  
Renée J. Mitchell ◽  
Kendall Von Zoller
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Social Arrangement ◽  
Police Contact ◽  
Psychological Property ◽  
Perception Of Police

The public's perception of police legitimacy is viewed through the lens of procedural justice (Tyler, 2003). Legitimacy it is a perception held by an audience (Tankebe & Liebling, 2013). Tyler (2006, p. 375) defines legitimacy as “a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just.” Four aspects of the police contact that affects a citizen's view: active participation in the decision-making, the decision-making is neutral and objective, trustworthy motives, and being treated with dignity and respect (Tyler, 2004). Accordingly an officer should act in a way that supports citizen's active participation, conveys an air of neutrality, and enhances dignity and respect. One way an officer can transmit his intent is through communicative intelligence. Communicative intelligence is a communication theory based on five capabilities (Zoller, 2015). These authors intend to link communicative intelligence to behaviors officers should engage in to enhance PJ and improve PL.

Perception of Race Discrimination by the Police in Europe

2017 ◽  
pp. 1308-1325
Author(s):  
Daniel Larsson ◽  
Ulrika Schmauch
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Racial Profiling ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Race Discrimination ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
Country Factors ◽  
Perception Of Police ◽  
Police Discrimination

Procedural justice is an important principle in democratic societies, which fails when police discriminate minorities through for example racial profiling and during crime report procedures. This not only violates individuals' rights, it also increases corruption, make police work problematic and decrease trust in the justice system. The aim of the chapter is to investigate perception of police discrimination against minorities, with focus on whether anti-immigrant attitudes have an independent impact on the perception of police discrimination. We use European Social Survey, collected in 2010, including 24 countries and around 45,000 respondents. The results show that anti-immigrant attitudes imply that respondents don't believe the police to discriminate independent on individual factors such as education, gender, minority and country factors such as corruption, inequality and the proportion of non-European inhabitants in the country.

scholarly journals Reassessing the relationship between procedural justice and police legitimacy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-393
Author(s):  
Jose Pina-Sánchez ◽  
Ian Brunton-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
The Relationship

Dynamic Presence Rather Than Command Presence

2019 ◽  
pp. 255-276
Author(s):  
Renée J. Mitchell ◽  
Kendall Von Zoller
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nonverbal Behaviors ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Social Animals ◽  
Perception Of Police ◽  
Citizen Interactions

Human beings are social animals inhabiting a world where unspoken, nonverbal body language dominates the perception of the listener. It has been shown that nonverbal behaviors effect perception more intently than verbal communication. Police-citizen interactions are a complex process where verbal and nonverbal interactions are occurring simultaneously and interpreted immediately, leading to multiple chances for misunderstanding or misinterpretation of the officer's intent. With little research on the actual techniques to create the perception of police legitimacy, the authors intend to link communicative intelligence to the verbal and physical behaviors officers should engage in to enhance procedural justice and improve police legitimacy. They posit that the citizen's perceived level of police fairness is derived from the officer's treatment of the citizen which is significantly influenced by how the officer communicates with the citizen.

Impact of propensity to trust on the perception of police: an integrated framework of legitimacy perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Lee ◽  
Jina Lee
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integrated Framework ◽  
Level Characteristic ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Propensity To Trust ◽  
Perception Of Police

PurposeThe study aims to examine whether a baseline trait-level characteristic, in this case propensity to trust, impacts peoples' perception of procedural justice, police legitimacy, trustworthiness, obligation to obey and cooperation.Design/methodology/approachUsing Hamm and colleagues' (2017) integrated framework of legitimacy (IFL) as the theoretical framework, the current research explores whether individual trait characteristic differences matter. Using a Korean survey in 2019 with 2188 samples aged 19 to 28, this study conducted structural equation modeling to assess the impact of propensity to trust on the latent factors of the IFL.FindingsThe results support the findings of the original IFL. Specifically, when it comes to citizens' perception of police legitimacy, propensity to trust positively and significantly impacts latent factors such as procedural justice, trustworthiness, trust and obligation to obey. However, it fails to impact cooperation in any capacity.Originality/valuePerception of police legitimacy has been researched extensively by various scholars. Specifically, Tyler's (1990) procedural justice model has been the main focus of police legitimacy research for the past 30 years. However, the current study aims to explore the possibility of trait-level characteristic that may influence peoples' perception of police legitimacy. Specifically, the authors aim to assess individual propensity to trust tendency and its impact on police legitimacy.

Promoting Muslims’ cooperation with police in counter-terrorism

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Murphy ◽  
Natasha S. Madon ◽  
Adrian Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Justice Perceptions ◽  
Willingness To Report ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate

Purpose Procedural justice is important for fostering peoples’ willingness to cooperate with police. Theorizing suggests this relationship results because procedural justice enhances perceptions that the police are legitimate and entitled to be supported. The purpose of this paper is to examine how legitimacy perceptions moderate the effect of procedural justice policing on Muslims’ willingness to cooperate with police. Design/methodology/approach Survey data from 800 Muslims in Australia are used. Findings This study shows Muslims’ procedural justice perceptions are positively associated with two types of cooperation: willingness to cooperate with police in general crime control efforts; and willingness to report terror threats to police. Muslims’ perceptions of police legitimacy and law legitimacy also influence willingness to cooperate. Specifically, police legitimacy is more important for predicting general willingness to cooperate with police, while law legitimacy is more important for predicting Muslims’ willingness to report terror threats. Importantly, legitimacy perceptions moderate the relationship between procedural justice and both types of cooperation. Specifically, procedural justice promotes cooperation more strongly for those who question the legitimacy of police or the legitimacy of counter-terrorism laws, but the moderation effects differ across the two cooperation contexts. The findings have implications for procedural justice scholarship and for counter-terrorism policing. Originality/value The current paper examines an under-explored aspect of legitimacy; it examines police legitimacy perceptions, but also examines how people view the legitimacy of laws police enforce (i.e. law legitimacy). It is argued that perceptions about law legitimacy can also impact people’s willingness to cooperate with police.

The Link Between Communicative Intelligence and Procedural Justice

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-33
Author(s):  
Renée J. Mitchell ◽  
Kendall Von Zoller
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Social Arrangement ◽  
Police Contact ◽  
Psychological Property ◽  
Perception Of Police

The public's perception of police legitimacy is viewed through the lens of procedural justice (Tyler, 2003). Legitimacy it is a perception held by an audience (Tankebe & Liebling, 2013). Tyler (2006, p. 375) defines legitimacy as “a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just.” Four aspects of the police contact that affects a citizen's view: active participation in the decision-making, the decision-making is neutral and objective, trustworthy motives, and being treated with dignity and respect (Tyler, 2004). Accordingly an officer should act in a way that supports citizen's active participation, conveys an air of neutrality, and enhances dignity and respect. One way an officer can transmit his intent is through communicative intelligence. Communicative intelligence is a communication theory based on five capabilities (Zoller, 2015). These authors intend to link communicative intelligence to behaviors officers should engage in to enhance PJ and improve PL.

Understanding Fairness, Equality, and Police Legitimacy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Stephen Egharevba
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Penal System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Level ◽  
Police Practices

For decades, research on minority predisposition to comply or cooperate with the police has evolved, as citizens' encounter and experiences with the police can affect their sense of self-belonging in societies. However, less attention has been given to the issues of police act and behaviour in accordance with the laid down principles of policing in their interaction with citizens. For instance, some of the difficulties of the police in fostering its' legitimacy are the events in Totteham, London in the UK in 2011, and the USA in 2014, 2015 and 2016. This introduction analyses how the police engage with minorities and treat them fairly in order to improve their legitimacy and how violence, brutality and racial profiling has been utilized in police practices. The result revealed a perceived unjust policing and a high level of violence across many societies in the world. Finally, we have tried in this book to identify how police, courts and the penal system officials can improve and facilitate a fair, equal and understanding in their practices in general towards minorities.

Understanding the Role of Race and Procedural Justice on the Support for Police Body-Worn Cameras and Reporting Crime

2021 ◽  
pp. 073401682110227
Author(s):  
Timothy Ikenna Lawrence ◽  
Ariel Mcfield ◽  
Kamilah Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mediation Moderation

Body-worn cameras (BWCs) among police officers have garnered mixed support among community members. On the one hand, proponents of BWCs contend that there are benefits of BWCs such as reduction of complaints, increase legitimacy, decrease unlawful shootings, and increase transparency. On the other, certain community members maintain less support for BWCs, citing that while police officers wear BWCs, it violates police–citizen interaction privacy. Although there is mixed support for BWCs among community members, little is known as to whether race plays a role in support for BWCs and whether confidence in the police relates to reporting crime/procedural justice, leading to support for BWCs. The current study used two mediation moderation analyses to examine whether race moderated the relationship between confidence in the police and reporting crime/procedural justice, leading to support for BWCs while controlling for police legitimacy and effectiveness. The first model suggests that race moderated the relationship between confidence in the police and reporting crime but not the relationship between reporting crime and support for BWCs. The second model revealed that race did not moderate the relationship between confidence in the police and procedural justice. Also, race did not moderate the relationship between procedural justice and support for BWCs. Implications are discussed.

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