Timarcha Latreille: A strange beetle and a living fossil

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Jolivet ◽  
Poinar George ◽  
K.K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
Reflex Bleeding ◽  
Early Mesozoic ◽  
Diurnal Species

The genus Timarcha seems unique among Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae by having plesiomorphic characters such as genitalia with a ring-like tegmen, covered with a setose parameral cap, together with apomorphic characters, including apterism and fused elytra. The distribution of this genus is also very peculiar: circum Mediterranean and northwestern American. Food selection also seems rather stict, comprising 8 families and 20 genera of plants. Two of the subgenera (Metallotimarcha and Americanotimarcha) share one plant family, the Ericaceae. The plant family Rubiaceae is also shared between three subgenera: Timarcha, Timarchostoma and Metallotimarcha. Reflex bleeding among diurnal species, aposematism, thanatosis, stomatic regurgitation are means of defense against predators, but not against parasites and commensals. A very archaic genus, probably originating in early Mesozoic, with around 100 taxa, and 50 subspecies. Mutations remain very common in the group and new species are possibly still emerging.

scholarly journals A living fossil tale of Pangaean biogeography

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1775) ◽  
pp. 20132648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Murienne ◽  
Savel R. Daniels ◽  
Thomas R. Buckley ◽  
Georg Mayer ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
Biogeographic Pattern ◽  
Early Mesozoic ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Ecological Barriers ◽  
Biogeographic Regionalization ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Velvet Worms ◽  
History Of

The current distributions of widespread groups of terrestrial animals and plants are supposedly the result of a mixture of either vicariance owing to continental split or more recent trans-oceanic dispersal. For organisms exhibiting a vicariant biogeographic pattern—achieving their current distribution by riding on the plates of former supercontinents—this view is largely inspired by the belief that Pangaea lacked geographical or ecological barriers, or that extinctions and dispersal would have erased any biogeographic signal since the early Mesozoic. We here present a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of Onychophora (velvet worms), an ancient and exclusively terrestrial panarthropod group distributed throughout former Pangaean landmasses. Our data not only demonstrate that trans-oceanic dispersal does not need be invoked to explain contemporary distributions, but also reveal that the early diversification of the group pre-dates the break-up of Pangaea, maintaining regionalization even in landmasses that have remained contiguous throughout the history of the group. These results corroborate a growing body of evidence from palaeontology, palaeogeography and palaeoclimatic modelling depicting ancient biogeographic regionalization over the continuous landmass of Pangaea.

scholarly journals Description of Kavayva, gen. nov., (Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) and two new species associated with Guarea (Meliaceae), and a review of New World eurytomids associated with seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
Y. Miles Zhang ◽  
Michael W. Gates ◽  
Rogerio Silvestre ◽  
Manuela Scarpa
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
New World ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
New Host ◽  
Two New Species

Kavayva Zhang, Silvestre & Gates, gen. nov., and two species are described from the Neotropics, Kavayva bodoquenensis Zhang, Silvestre & Gates, sp. nov., and Kavayva davidsmithi, Zhang & Gates, sp. nov. Specimens of the new species were collected independently during separate research efforts in Peru and Brazil, reared from the seeds of Guarea F. Allam ex L. (Meliaceae), which represents a new host plant family for Eurytomidae. A differential diagnosis of the New World seed-feeding eurytomids is also provided.

scholarly journals Schizomyia botellus n.sp. – a new bud galling species from Apiaceae in Israel

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3122 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
NETTA DORCHIN ◽  
AMNON FREIDBERG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Tel Aviv

In a recent paper (Dorchin & Freidberg 2011) we reviewed the cecidomyiid fauna of the plant family Apiaceae in Israel. For one of the species that was described in that paper, we failed to provide details about the holotype depository, which we now provide in this note in order to make the species name available. We hereby describe the new species Schizomyia botellus Dorchin & Freidberg, by reference to its full description in the above mentioned publication. Details of the holotype are as follows: ♂, Israel, Mishor Paran, 17.iii.1995, N. Dorchin, reared from Deverra triradiata gall, deposited in the national collection of insects, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (TAUI). Details about the paratypes, biology and distribution of the new species are found in Dorchin & Freidberg 2011.

scholarly journals Supplementary Studies of American Chrysobalanaceae 3

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Ghillean T. Prance
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Guianas

Abstract This paper is the third in a series of additional publications on the plant family Chrysobalanaceae. The new species Couepia marlenei Prance, and subspecies Licania octandra (Hoffmgg. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze subsp. grandifolia are described. Notes on additional collections of five other species are given. Two of these were previously known only from the types. Licania affnis Fritsch, a species well-known in the Guianas and eastern Amazonia is shown to have a disjunct distribution, since it has now been collected in Panama.

A new species of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz feeding on Dudleya spp. (Crassulaceae) from California and Baja California, with biological, distributional and taxonomic notes on other North American Buprestidae (Coleoptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1630 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD L. WESTCOTT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
A New Species ◽  
State Records

Chrysobothris dudleyaphaga Westcott, new species, from California and Baja California is described and figured, and its biology is discussed in detail. It and a record for C. schaefferi Obenberger establish that larval and adult Buprestidae use hosts in the plant family Crassulaceae. Acmaeodera montezuma Obenberger and A. perforata Cazier are synonymized under A. consors Horn. The synonymy of A. auritincta Fall under A. delectabilis Waterhouse is reversed. New state records and other observations are provided for Xenomelanophila miranda (LeConte). Additional notes are provided for species in the genera Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, Agrilus Curtis, Anthaxia Eschscholtz, Brachys Dejean, Chrysobothris Eschscholtz, Phaenops Dejean, and Taphrocerus Solier.

Chionanthus chrysopetalus (Oleaceae), a New Species from Peru

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 311 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
JULIO ANTONIO LOMBARDI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Conservation ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
A New Species

Chionanthus is a genus from the plant family Oleaceae that is characterized by the presence of small calyces, 4-lobed corollas with petals arranged in pairs and held together by the filament bases, less commonly with a very short tube, two stamens in most species, and drupaceous fruits. As part of ongoing taxonomic studies of the Neotropical Oleaceae, we detected an undescribed species from Peru, that is here described and illustrated. Chionanthus chrysopetalus Cornejo ex Lombardi resembles C. implicatus and C. compactus, two species from northwestern South America, by the elliptic leaves. However, C. chrysopetalus can be separated by both taxa by the hispidulous indument, and yellow corollas, unusual features within the genus. In this study, I present a detailed description for the new taxon, notes on the phenology, geographic distribution, habitat, conservation status, and etymology.

scholarly journals Documenting trumpet leaf-miner moths (Tischeriidae): new Neotropical Coptotriche and Astrotischeria species, with notes on Sapindaceae as a host-plant family

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5047 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-320
Author(s):  
JONAS R. STONIS ◽  
ARŪNAS DIŠKUS ◽  
ANDRIUS REMEIKIS ◽  
JOSÉ L. FERNÁNDEZ-ALONSO ◽  
SVETLANA V. BARYSHNIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Biodiversity Assessment ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Species Descriptions

Four new species of trumpet leaf-miner moths (Tischeriidae) are described from the Neotropics: Coptotriche serjaniphaga Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., feeding on Serjania Mill. (Sapindaceae), Astrotischeria mystica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., feeding on Verbesina L. (Asteraceae), A. yungasi Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., feeding on Oyedaea DC. (Asteraceae), and A. parapallens Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., feeding on Baccharis L. (Asteraceae). Records on Sapindaceae-feeding Tischeriidae are very rare and Serjania is a novel host-plant genus for Tischeriidae. It is hypothesized that Serjania, a diverse genus in the tropical and subtropical Americas, may be a host for many undiscovered species of specialized stenophagous Tischeriidae. The new species are illustrated with photographs of the adults, male and, if available, female genitalia, and the leaf mines. We briefly discuss the importance of new species descriptions as a part of biodiversity assessment.  

scholarly journals Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5040 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-264
Author(s):  
JONAS R. STONIS ◽  
ARŪNAS DIŠKUS ◽  
ALEXANDRE K. MONRO ◽  
XIAOHUA DAI ◽  
JIASHENG XU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
First Record ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Leaf Mining

This is the first record of Urticaceae-feeding trumpet moths (Tischeriidae) from Asia. We describe Paratischeria boehmerica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. and P. grossa Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., two distinctive new species of Tischeriidae recently discovered from Laos, South East Asia, feeding on plants of the nettle family. Urticaceae is a rare host-plant family for leaf-mining Tischeriidae worldwide. The new species are illustrated with photographs of the adults, male and female genitalia, and the leaf mines.  

First report on Paratischeria from Asia (Lepidoptera: Tischeriidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4350 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIASHENG XU ◽  
XIAOHUA DAI ◽  
PENG LIU ◽  
HAIYAN BAI ◽  
ARŪNAS DIŠKUS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
First Report ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
A New Species

We provide the first report on the leaf-mining Tischeriidae genus Paratischeria Diškus & Stonis from Asia. We describe Paratischeria jingdongensis Xu & Dai, sp. nov., a new species discovered in Yunnan, China, feeding on Dalbergia assamica Benth., Fabaceae and redescribe P. hestias (Meyrick, 1915), comb. nov., a hitherto very little known species from India, which has been recently discovered in northern Vietnam, feeding on Helicteres viscida Blume, Malvaceae. We also report on the Fabaceae family as a novel host-plant family of Tischeriidae. The described and redescribed Paratischeria species are illustrated with photographs of the leaf-mines, adults, genitalia, and habitats. We also provide maps of new Paratischeria findings, and, along with a diagnostic scheme to the genus, present some data on global distribution of Paratischeria occurring in tropical and subtropical regions on both sides of the Equator. In addition, we designate a new Paratischeria neotropicana species group and provide two more new taxonomic combinations: Paratischeria heteroterae (Frey & Boll, 1878) comb. nov. and P. capnota (Meyrick, 1915) comb. nov. 

A new species of Odontothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from Fars province, Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4674 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
MAHSA HAKIMARA ◽  
KAMBIZ MINAEI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Character State ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Plant Association ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
A New Species ◽  
The Web

Mound and Palmer (1981) included the following eight genera in Megalurothrips genus-group: Ceratothrips, Ceratothripoides, Craspedothrips, Lefroyothrips, Megalurothrips, Odontothripiella, Odontothrips, and Projectothrips. However, a series of shared morphological characters, as well as their shared host-plant association with members of the plant family Fabaceae, indicates that Megalurothrips, Odontothrips, and Odontothripiella are particularly closely related (Xie et al. 2010). The species of these three genera all have a pair of dorso-apical setae on the first antennal segment, a character state that distinguishes them from most Thripinae (Zhang et al. 2018). Of these, Odontothrips is the most species-rich genus with 34 species distributed in the Palaearctic (ThripsWiki 2019). In Iran only 5 species (O. confusus, O. iranensis, O. loti, O. meliloti, O. phlomidinus) have been recorded (Minaei 2017). Despite more than 60 years since O. phlomidinus was described from Iran, this species remains known only from the type series (Priesner 1954). In this paper, a new species of the genus is described from southern Iran that seems to be close to O. phlomidinus. Moreover, a provisional key is provided, based on females, for six species recorded from Iran. Authority names are available on the web (ThripsWiki 2019). 

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