Civil Society Follow-up Report to the Concluding Observations of the Committee against Torture on Afghanistan's Second Periodic Report

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Periodic Report

scholarly journals OC-8723 CREATING AND ENHANCING TRUSTWORTHY, RESPONSIBLE AND EQUITABLE PARTNERSHIPS IN INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A18.2-A19
Author(s):  
Michelle Singh ◽  
Michael Makanga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
International Governance ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Ethical Practices ◽  
Global Research

Achieving equity in international research remains a crucial concern of the 21st century. Despite initiatives by international organisations on governance frameworks and standards to guide research conduct, such efforts remain disparate and lack focus. In an interdisciplinary collaboration between multi-level ethics bodies, policy-advisors, civil society, funders, industry and academic scholars, the TRUST project combines long-standing, highly respected efforts to establish international governance structures along with networking opportunities between Europe, sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.The goal of TRUST is to catalyse a collaborative effort to improve adherence to high ethical standards in global research. The strategic outputs of the project encompass a set of ethics tools developed through participatory engagement traversing all continents: (i) a global code of conduct for funders, (ii) a fair research contracting web-tool (iii) and a compliance and ethics follow-up tool.Since project inception in October 2015, the TRUST consortium has a) created an international network on global research ethics governance to identify generic risks of exporting non-ethical practices; b) established funder and industry platforms; c) identified typical case studies of exporting non-ethical practices and reported on lessons learnt; d) developed a global code of conduct that will be used by the European Commission and like-minded funders to foster ethical research and equitable partnerships; e) designed an online Fair Research Contracting tool to empower vulnerable populations under non-ideal conditions; and f) drafted a compliance and ethics follow-up tool, for conditions of high vulnerability.TRUST envisages to make a tremendous impact on three major issues: a) enhancing the rights of indigenous people who have borne a disproportionate burden of research whilst being potentially highly vulnerable to exploitation; b) increasing civil society engagement and improving uptake of the ethics dimension in research and innovation; and c) improving global awareness of the highest ethical standards along with clear, defined incentives for research competitiveness.

scholarly journals The Downside of Indonesia's Successful Liberal Democratisation and the Way Ahead. Notes from the Participatory Surveys and Case Studies 2000–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olle Törnquist ◽  
Hasrul Hanif ◽  
Eric Hiariej ◽  
Willy P. Samadhi ◽  
Amalinda Savirani
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Way

Indonesia is a critical case of liberal democratisation. Most of the country's old dominant actors were included in compromises aimed at democracy and were expected to become democrats by adjusting to the new institutions. The pro-democrats were expected to propel change from civil society. However, the recurrent participatory surveys and follow-up studies summarised herein point to remarkable freedoms, along with deplorable governance and representation. The major causes are biased institutions of representation, plus weak political capacity of the crucial actors of change within modern business and among the middle classes and labourers. Advances presuppose new ways to represent their interests.

“The Way You Enter a Church”: The Dialectics of Ken Burns’s Baseball

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-514
Author(s):  
David Jenemann
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Philosophical Beliefs ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

Taken as a whole, Ken Burns’s 1994 documentary Baseball and its 2010 follow-up The Tenth Inning stand as some of the most influential documentaries on the history of American sports. Baseball develops the link between the “fun” of the game and philosophical beliefs about American democracy through a “dialectical aesthetic” that operates through Baseball’s choice of subjects and historical events as well as through its formal documentary strategies. While many critics dismiss Baseball as overly nostalgic, this essay argues that Baseball engages the reader with the dialectic to encourage self-reflection about the future of the game and its role in civil society.

A FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF ECLAMPTIC WOMEN. FOURTH PERIODIC REPORT

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-658
Author(s):  
LEON C. CHESLEY ◽  
ROBERT A. COSGROVE ◽  
JOHN E. ANNITTO
Keyword(s):  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Periodic Report

The Principles of Constitutionalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
The Relationship

In this follow-up volume to the critically acclaimed Constitutional State, Nick Barber explores how the principles of constitutionalism structure and influence successful states. Far from acting exclusively as a mechanism to limit state powers, Barber contends that constitutionalism and its associated principles require that the state be structured to advance the well-being of its people. An attractive and satisfying account of constitutionalism, and, by derivation, of the state, can only be reached if the principles of constitutionalism are seen as interlocking parts of a broader doctrine. This holistic study of the relationship between the constitutional state and its central principles—sovereignty; the separation of powers; the rule of law; subsidiarity; democracy; and civil society—casts light on long-standing debates over the meaning and implications of constitutionalism. The book provides a concise introduction to constitutionalism and a detailed account of the nature and implications of each of the six principles in question. It concludes with an examination of the importance of constitutional principles to the work of judges, legislators, and others involved in the operation and creation of the constitution. The book is essential reading for those seeking a definitive account of constitutionalism and its benefits.

scholarly journals Critical thinking on strengthening the NGO contribution to improve solidarity in public health

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Health Values ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face

Abstract Issue/background Public health values transdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and interdisciplinary perspectives. This background always advocates solidarity which usually finds its positive reflections in the society with the support of many institutional bodies including Non-governmental organization (NGO) movements. which move up solidarity. Globally, NGOs are represented by societies and associations. Turkey is one of the countries which NGO movement is frequent. Turkish NGOs in (public) health may vary on their vision(s) and mission(s). Such variety seems to be “good”; thus, complexity and duplications may occur when a strong systematic ground is not provided. In this paper, a systematic on the functionality of NGOs will be proposed to make the NGO movement more inclusive, accessible, transparent, and auditable in order to support solidarity using the experience of a local case. Results The number of the societies is high in Turkey and they have a wide range of working area including health. Officially they are recorded in the Turkish Ministry of Internal Affairs (MoIA) and can be accessed via the website of the MoIA. There are about 300 000 societies which 116 000 of them are active. The majority of them are founded in big cities. Societies working on health focuses on different areas including professionalism, prevention, rehabilitation, etc. Such varieties may have the potential to create difficulty to follow up their work in a systematic manner. Lessons As NGO/civil society movement is crucial for public health, the proposed steps may contribute to improve/support solidarity on any advocative work on health: To maintain transparency, and auditabilityTo develop methods to prevent duplicative workTo develop accessible “common” platforms to share experiencesTo improve adaptation capacity in the face of new requirementsTo improve networking among NGOsTo improve the global perspective as well as the local one Key messages Solidarity in public health can be achieved with the help of systematic and powerful NGO/civil society movement. Global needs and changes influence civil society dynamics and NGOs should be open to be updated in the face of new requirements.

scholarly journals Predicament of Lebanese Women Married to Non-Lebanese: Field Analytical Study

1970 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Fahmia Charafeddine
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Development Program ◽  
National Committee ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Nationality Law

The Lebanese Women’s Rights and the Nationality Law project is a joint projectbetween civil society and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). It isimplemented by the National Committee for the Follow up on Women’s Issues (CFUWI)and funded by UNDP. It aims at achieving equality between men and women in the field of citizenship. The project is not the first of its kind in Lebanon with respect to gender equality and citizenship, but it does present a new methodology to deal with this issue.

scholarly journals The Politics of Regulating Foods for Infants and Young Children: A Case Study on the Framing and Contestation of Codex Standard-Setting Processes on Breast-Milk Substitutes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Boatwright ◽  
Mark Lawrence ◽  
Cherie Russell ◽  
Katheryn Russ ◽  
David McCoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes ◽  
Milk Substitutes ◽  
Codex Standard ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background: Breastfeeding is important for the health and development of the child, and for maternal health, in all country contexts. However, global sales of breast-milk substitutes (BMS), including infant, follow-up and toddler formulas, have ‘boomed’ in recent decades. This raises the importance of international food standards established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex) on the safety, composition and labelling of BMS. Such standards appear to be strongly contested by governments, industry and civil society groups, yet few studies have investigated the politics of Codex standard-setting processes. The aim of this paper is to understand who participates in decision-making, and how actors frame and contest proposals to revise the Codex Standard on Follow-up Formula (FUF). Methods: We adopted a case study design involving two steps. First, we enumerated government, industry, civil society, and international organization stakeholders participating in standard-setting processes of the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses (CCNFSDU). Second, we conducted a framing analysis of stakeholder inputs during the FUF standard revision in CCNFSDU meetings. Publicly available online meeting reports (2015-2019) were retrieved, analyzed using a theoretical framework, and organized thematically. Results: High-income country (HIC) delegates greatly outnumbered those from other country income categories. Industry representation was higher compared with other observer categories Member state delegations included more industry representation than civil society representation, and were occasionally the only member state delegates. Industry stakeholders framed arguments in terms of trade implications, science, and flexible standards. Civil society groups used public health, science, and pro-breastfeeding frames. Conclusion: Codex BMS standard-setting procedures are dominated by HICs and industry groups. Limited representation of civil society, and of middle- and low-income countries, suggest actions are needed to substantially increase support for their involvement at Codex. Such representation may help to counteract power asymmetries and commercial influences on food standards for infants and young children.

Counting Migrants’ Deaths at the Border: From Civil Society Counterstatistics to (Inter)Governmental Recuperation

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Heller ◽  
Antoine Pécoud
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Intergovernmental Organization ◽  
Border Zones ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
States Immigration ◽  
Fortress Europe

Migrant deaths in border-zones have become a major social and political issue, especially in the context of the Euro-Mediterranean refugee/migrant crisis. While media, activists, and policy makers often mention precise figures regarding the number of deaths, little is known about the production of statistical data on this topic. This article explores the politics of counting migrant deaths in Europe. This statistical activity was initiated in the 1990s by civil society organizations with the purpose of shedding light on the deadly consequences of “Fortress Europe” and of challenging states’ control-oriented political strategies. In 2013, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) started to count migrants’ deaths: while this intergovernmental organization seems to follow up on civil society initiatives, it actually works with different political objectives. Rather than criticizing states, IOM aims at conciliating the control of irregular migration with the prevention of deaths. IOM’s statistics on border deaths illustrate the humanitarianization of the border, as denunciation of migrants’ deaths and life-saving activities become integrated in border management and border control. In producing statistics on border deaths, IOM depoliticizes this data and challenges the critical framework that was central to earlier civil society initiatives. Finally, the article explores ways in which statistics on border deaths are being repoliticized to challenge European states’ immigration policies.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

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