Wood identification of charcoal with 3D-reflected light microscopy

IAWA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Zemke ◽  
Volker Haag ◽  
Gerald Koch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Carbonized Wood ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The present study focusses on the application of 3D-reflected light microscopy (3D-RLM) for the wood anatomical identification of charcoal specimens produced from domestic and tropical timbers. This special microscopic technique offers a detailed investigation of anatomical features in charcoal directly compared with the quality of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The advantages of using the 3D-RLM technology are that fresh fracture planes of charcoal can be directly observed under the microscope without further preparation or surface treatment. Furthermore, the 3D-technique with integrated polarized light illumination creates high-contrast images of uneven and black charcoal surfaces. Important diagnostic structural features such as septate fibres and intercellular canals can be clearly detected and intervessel pits are directly measured. The comparison of the microscopic analyses reveals that 3D-reflected light microscopy (3D-RLM) provides an effective alternative technique to conventional field emission scanning electron microscopy for the identification of carbonized wood.

Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies of Industrial Polymers - A Survey

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 814-815
Author(s):  
E.F. Osten ◽  
M.S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

We are using the term "Industrial Polymers" to refer to polymers [plastics] that are produced by the ton or (in the case of films) by the mile. For example, in descending order of world-wide use (tonnage), the top eight of these polymers are polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), styrene polymers (including polystyrene - PS, and acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene/ styrene-acrylonitrile - ABS/SAN), polyesters (PETP), polyurethane (PU), phenolics and aminoplastics.Industrial polymers, which have been produced by the millions of tons for the last five decades and are of obvious social and economic importance, have been exhaustively characterized. Structural features which affect physical properties and indicate process variables have been studied by many techniques other than microscopy (x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, rheology, chromatographies, etc.). Microscopy techniques for polymer characterization have been well documented. Our motivation to apply field emission (high resolution) scanning electron microscopy to the study of polymers is: (1) The application of low voltage, high resolution SEM to biological materials is well characterized.

Morphological Characterization of a Sustained-Release Drug Implant by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Polarized Light Microscopy and Image Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 932-933
Author(s):  
J.P. Neilly ◽  
J.S. Deng ◽  
J.L. House ◽  
J.A. Fagerland
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarized Light Microscopy ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Gentamicin Sulfate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Septacin is a sustained-release antibiotic currently under development by the Hospital Products Division of Abbott Laboratories. The product is designed to be used as an anti-infective implant in orthopedic surgical procedures with a sustained drug release for up to six weeks in vivo. It consists of gentamicin sulfate formulated with a bioerodable polyanhydride copolymer. The polymer is biodegradable and has been approved by the FDA for human clinical trials. The final product is obtained by mixing 20% gentamicin sulfate with molten polymer and injection molding it to form cylindrical Septacin beads.The microstructure of drug particles and polymer matrix is critical to the performance of sustained release products, thus scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in this study. SEM has proven useful for evaluating the microstructure of drug formulations3 and was used to examine the drug-polymer matrix structure. Average drug particle size and distribution were determined, and the drug-polymer boundary was evaluated.

MICROSTRUCTURAL STUDIES OF SUPERCONDUCTING 3EuBa2Cu3Oy:AgO AND 3GdBa2Cu3Oy:AgO COMPOSITES

1989 ◽  
Vol 03 (11) ◽  
pp. 877-885
Author(s):  
C.Y. HUANG ◽  
H.H. TAI ◽  
M.K. WU
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Silver Particle ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grain Formation ◽  
Microstructural Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and polarized light microscopy have shown that the addition of AgO to the E uBa 2 Cu 3 O y and GdBa 2 Cu 3 O y systems results in the growth of very large grains. Distribution of silver particle appears to influence the grain formation and growth in the superconducting composites.

ADVANCED HISTOPATHOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSIS OF THE MUSCLE AND TENDON ALTERATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
László G Józsa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Enzyme Histochemistry ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Tendon Pathology ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this mini review, I will attempt to briefly provide the microscopic possibilities in the diagnosis of muscle and tendon disorders based on more than 1000 muscle and 2000 tendon biopsies. The routine histological sections and light microscopy are still of value in the diagnosis of tendon and muscle pathology. The morphologic methods are time-consuming, and consequently should be done step by step. In diagnostic muscle pathology, enzyme histochemistry, histomorphometry, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry are the most reliable methods, while in tendon pathology, they are polarized light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. However, the histopathological methods can be used not only in the diagnosis of muscle and tendon disorders, but can also predict the physical condition of muscles, detect the healing and regenerating processes and the effectivity of drug administration.

scholarly journals The ecological features of flowers and inflorescences of two species of the genus Petasites Miller (Asteraceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weronika Haratym ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Pollination Ecology ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Scanning Electron

The structural features of flowers and inflorescences of <i>Petasites hybridus</i> and <i>P. albus</i> were compared. Only individuals producing flower heads with male flowers and few female flowers were found in the studied populations. Light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for examination. The present study shows that the stems of the above- -mentioned species differed in height and number of flower heads, but the number of flowers per head was similar. Larger flowers were found on the stems of <i>P. albus</i>. The following features has been found to play an important role in pollination ecology: the strongly contrasting colours of the floral parts; on the petals, the occurrence of several types of cells which can increase the attractiveness of the flowers by refracting sunlight in a different way; production of odorous oils by the petal cells; production of significant amounts of pollen offered to insects by the well-developed pollen presenters; the development of nectaries and nectar production by the male flowers as well as the development of colour attractants by the corolla, anthers, and bracts.

Evaluation of the effect of four final irrigation protocols on root canal dentin components by polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 1337-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Emi Razera Baldasso ◽  
Luana Roleto Cardoso ◽  
Vinicius Duval da Silva ◽  
Renata Dornelles Morgental ◽  
Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarized Light Microscopy ◽  
Root Canal Dentin ◽  
Scanning Electron
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