Honor, hospitality and haughtiness: the contention for leadership in 3 John

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-341
Author(s):  
Barth L. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
The Church

One of the most notorious leaders of the early Christian church was Diotrephes, who makes his appearance in 3 John. All that can be known of him with certainty is in that letter, where he is described as one ‘who loves to be first’ (v. 9 NIV). The Elder writes the letter of 3 John in order to defend his honor that Diotrephes has affronted, to uphold the honor of his emissaries (who have been barred from Diotrephes’ church), and to sustain the honor of those who have attempted to welcome the Christian missionaries from the Elder, but who have been put out of the church by the inhospitable Diotrephes. The best approach to this NT letter is by means of the ancient Mediterranean cultural code of honor, and through a rhetorical-critical analysis that is sensitive to that cultural value.

scholarly journals Mathematical-geographical intention in orienting mediaeval churches of the Serbian monastery Gradac

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Milutin Tadic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Mary ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Exact Analysis ◽  
John The Baptist ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

The subject of the paper is an exact analysis of the orientation of the Serbian monastery churches: the Church of the Virgin Mary (13th century), St. Nicholas' Church (13th century), and an early Christian church (6th century). The paper determines the azimuth of parallel axes in churches, and then the aberrations of those axes from the equinoctial east are interpreted. Under assumption that the axes were directed towards the rising sun, it was surmised that the early Christian church's patron saint could be St. John the Baptist, that the Church of the Virgin Mary was founded on Annunciation day to which it is dedicated, and that St. Nicholas' Church is oriented in accordance with the rule (?toward the sunrise?) even though its axis deviates from the equinoctial east by 41? degrees.

scholarly journals Catechesis and baptism in the early Christian church

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Early Church ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Church

This article which originated as a background study for what Augustine says about his own baptism, presents the facts, as far as they could be ascertained, on practices concerning catechesis and baptism in the early Christian church down to about 400 AD, without going into any doctrinal issues. Public confession of faith and baptism was preceded in the early church by lengthy preparations: catechetical, liturgical and ascetical. Baptism was also followed by mystagogical instruction. All of these are set out concisely, based on a number of primary sources, namely some writings by Augustine, Ambrose and Tertullian, the Traditio Apostolica by Hippolytus and the Didache. A number of secondary sources are also cited. Attention is drawn to the significance of the custom to baptise at Easter this explains why Easter was seen as the climax of the church year in the time of the early Christian church.

The Influence of Mother Wisdom on Augustine

Open Theology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-247
Author(s):  
Kitty Bouwman
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Wisdom Literature ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Ben Sira ◽  
Church Father ◽  
Wisdom Theology ◽  
Divine Mother ◽  
The Church

Abstract The Book of Ben Sira was popular in the early Christian church and influenced the Church Father Augustine (354–430). He adopts the person of Wisdom as a divine mother and adapts her within the context of the early Christian church. He links to Mother Wisdom a wisdom theology, in which Jesus is her envoy. Augustine describes Mother Wisdom as an eternal nourishing divine mother. She has a permanent revelatory status by continuously giving life-giving power, which she mediates through Jesus of Nazareth. He presents her grace which she has prepared for the competentes (the candidates for Baptism), who are working towards initiation into Christian Faith. Mother Wisdom serves as hostess in biblical Wisdom literature. For Augustine, Jesus Christ has taken this place. Mother Wisdom serves instead the angels and the spiritual persons as a representative of divine nourishment.

scholarly journals Analisis Kritis Liturgi Perjamuan Kudus Huria Kristen Batak Protestan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-64
Author(s):  
Binsar Jonathan Pakpahan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

The liturgy of the Eucharist is a communal rite that becomes a very important foundation of the theological construction of the church. The church must have a good foundation of the Eucharist as a place where they can encounter God as a community. As a result, the theology that comes from this encounter will encourage the church to act out in her theology in the world. In 2014, Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (Protestant Batak Christian Church/HKBP) is trying to reformulate their church order. This research encourages HKBP to look at their theology of the Eucharist more seriously. By using a critical analysis towards the HKBP liturgy of the Eucharist, this paper shows the inconsistency between the HKBP church documents view on the Eucharist. The inconsistency is caused by the different times of the writing of the documents, which were never synchronized.

scholarly journals Ranokršćanski sloj arhitekture u Nadžupnom kompleksu Sv. Asela u Ninu

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Kolega
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
The South ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wall ◽  
The Church

Archaeological excavations in the complex of the Arch Parish Church of St Asel discovered an entire early Christian complex consisting of a north singlecellchurch and, to its south, a group of baptismal buildings which was soon transformed into a longitudinal building with an eastern apse. A number of remodelling interventions between the sixth and the eighth century confirm that the early Christian church and its baptistery survived the turbulent centuries of the Migration Period. The next major building phase was identified during the conservation works carried out on the church walls and there is no doubt that it occurred at the turn of the ninth century when the church became the cathedral of the Croatian bishop. Both churches, the north and the south, were provided with new stone furnishings while the baptismal font was altered so as to conform to the liturgical changes which were introduced into the baptismal rite. Archaeological evidence has demonstrated that the font remained in use until the sixteenth century when the apse of the south church was destroyed to make way for the chapel of Our Lady of Zečevo (1510-1530). The buildings to the south suffered a major destruction in 1780 when the Lady chapel was extended at the expense of its north wall which was torn down and the southern structure was cut in half.

scholarly journals Formation of the early Church (beginning from the appointment of the first deacons to the end of the apostolic period)

2015 ◽  
pp. 168-220
Author(s):  
Алексей Иванович Сидоров
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Church History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Публикация представляет собой продолжение очерка по истории становления первохристианской Церкви. Исследование основано на свидетельствах первоисточников и привлечении широкого спектра мнений отечественных и зарубежных специалистов по истории Древней Церкви. События проповеднической деятельности апостола Павла, возникновение разногласий в первохристианской общине и последовавший за ними Апостольской Собор, который утвердил необязательность соблюдения ветхозаветных постановлений, рассматриваются в контексте появления в среде первых христиан так называемых «эллинистов». Последние вывели проповедь Евангелия за пределы Палестины, а апостол Павел и его сподвижники основали христианские Церкви во многих частях «ойкумены». Кроме того, повествуется о кончине святого Иакова Праведного и судьбе Иерусалимской Церкви, деятельности апостола Петра и Иоанна, как и прочих апостолов, вплоть до завершения апостольского периода в истории древней Церкви. This publication is a continuation of the essay on the history of the formation of the early Christian Church, based on first-hand evidence and engaging a wide range of views of domestic and foreign researchers of early Church history. Both the results of Paul’s preaching, the emergence of differences among early Christians, and the subsequent Apostolic Council, which approved some sort of compliance with the regulations of the Old Testament, are all considered in the context of the emergence among early Christians of the so-called «Hellenists», who brought the preaching of the Gospel beyond Palestine, while Paul and his associates founded Christian communities in many parts of the «Oecumene». Moreover, the article tells the story of the death of St. James the Just, and the fate of the Church of Jerusalem. It describes the activities of Apostle Peter and John, as well as the other apostles, up until the end of the apostolic period in the history of the ancient Church.

scholarly journals Wkład środowiska wielkopolskiego w rozwój patrologii

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Bogdan Czyżewski
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
The Church ◽  
Adam Mickiewicz

The proposed topic allows to learn about the scientific activity of the Wielkopolska researchers of the early Christian Church: Jan Sajdak (1882–1967), priest Józef Nowacki (1893–1964), priest Bronisaw Gadysz (1892–1943) and priest Ludwik Gadyszewski (1932–2009). They contributed to the development of patristics not only in Wielkopolska, but also in Poland and in the world. Wielkopolska is also associated with the Scriptures of the Fathers of the Church in which translations of writers of the first centuries of Christianity are published. Patrology textbooks have also been published. The most important of them was written by the priest Szczepan Piestoch and is intended especially for students of theology. Wielkopolska is also a Faculty of Theology which has been operating since 1998 at the University of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. It includes the Department of Patristic Theology and currently the Department of Patristic Theology and Church History. Under the supervision of the faculty lecturers doctoral theses, master’s and bachelor’s the- ses, as well as monographs related to the period of Christian antiquity are prepared.

Conflict and Financial Scandal on History, Culture, and Politic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 20628-20638
Author(s):  
Anik Yuesti ◽  
I Made Dwi Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Financial Scandals ◽  
Financial Transparency ◽  
The Church ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

One of the things that are often highlighted in the world of spirituality is a matter of sexual scandal. But lately, the focus of the spiritual world is financial transparency and accountability. Financial scandals began to arise in the Church, as was the case in the Protestant Christian Church of Bukti Doa Nusa Dua Congregation in Bali. The scandal involved clergy and even some church leaders. This study aims to describe how the conflict occurred because of financial scandals in the Church. The method used in this study is the Ontic dialectic. Based on this research, the conflict in the Bukit Doa Church is a conflict caused by an internal financial scandal. The scandal resulted in fairly widespread conflict in the various lines of the organization. It led to the issuance of the Dismissal Decrees of the church pastor and also one of the members of Financial Supervisory Council. This conflict has also resulted in the leadership of the church had violated human rights. Source of conflict is not resolved in a fair, but more concerned with political interests and groups. Thus, the source of the problem is still attached to its original place.

Christus Virgo

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Sissel Undheim
Keyword(s):  
Moral Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church

The description of Christ as a virgin, 'Christus virgo', does occur at rare occasions in Early Christian and late antique texts. Considering that 'virgo' was a term that most commonly described the sexual and moral status of a member of the female sex, such representations of Christ as a virgin may exemplify some of the complex negotiations over gender, salvation, sanctity and Christology that we find in the writings of the Church fathers. The article provides some suggestions as to how we can understand the notion of the virgin Christ within the context of early Christian and late antique theological debates on the one hand, and in light of the growing interest in sacred virginity on the other.

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