Elsa Brändström And The Reintegration Of Returning Prisoners Of War And Their Families In Post-War Germany And Austria

2011 ◽  
pp. 333-354
Keyword(s):  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Post War

Sentiments and Patriotism: The Indian National Army, General Elections and the Congress's Appropriation of the INA Legacy

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM F. KURACINA
Keyword(s):  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Fundamental Issue ◽  
British Imperialism ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Strategic Vision ◽  
General Elections ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Indian National Army ◽  
Post War

AbstractThis paper considers the extent to which Subhas Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA) contributed to India's liberation from British imperialism. The fundamental issue examined is why leaders of the Indian National Congress appropriated the INA legacy, contrary to two decades of non-violent struggle and regardless of the incompatibility of Bose's ideology and strategic vision. Drawing on published sources that chart policy decisions and illustrate the attitudes of leading actors in the formulation of Congress policy, this paper hypothesizes that Congress leaders defended INA prisoners-of-war and questions why the Congress apparently abandoned its long-established principles for immediate political gains, only to re-prioritize anew India's national interests once the public excitement over the INA had quietened. It illustrates that the Congress's overt and zealous defence of the INA was intended to harness public opinion behind an all-India issue rooted in sentimentalism and patriotism. The paper concludes that such support was crucial to the Congress's post-war electioneering campaign and was designed to counter the Muslim League's equally emotive electoral messages.

Unable to Hate? Some Comparative Remarks on the War Experiences of Spaniards and Italianson the Eastern Front,1941–1944

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-290
Author(s):  
Xosé M. Núñez Seixas
Keyword(s):  
War Crimes ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
The Political ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Eastern Front ◽  
War Experiences ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Differences ◽  
War Experience

Unable to Hate? Some Comparative Remarks on the War Experience of Spaniards and Italians on the Eastern Front, 1941-44 The article addresses the similarities and differences between the Spanish and the Italian war experiences on the Eastern front (1941–1945) from a comparative perspective. Although both contingents, when seen from the German perspective, might have been considered to share similar characteristics, and they implemented relatively benevolent practices of occupation towards Soviet civilians, prisoners of war and Jews, there was also a huge imbalance regarding the figures of soldiers deployed on the East, as well as the numbers of prisoners of war. The Spaniards and the Italians fought on different sectors of the front, and were subject to quite diverse combat conditions, which set the condition for different degrees of brutalisation. Finally, the Italian withdrawal of 1942 left a tragic imprint on the memory of the Russian campaign of the survivors, while a comparable event did not exist in the Spanish case. Yet, the main similarity between the Spaniards and the Italians lies in the narratives and politics of memory regarding their participation at the Eastern front, which were developed by war veterans and the states of both countries during the post-war years. Regardless of the political differences between the Francoist regime and the Italian democracy, an enduring legend in the two countries emerged that presented the invading soldiers as «nice occupants», which were supposedly cleaner than the «clean Wehrmacht», while they attempted to detach themselves from the German war crimes in the East.

scholarly journals Activities of the NKVD of the Far East in the fight against crime in the second half of 1945

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-567
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Zhadan
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Post War ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the causes and conditions of the aggravation of the criminal situation in the Far East in the second half of 1945 and the historical experience of local NKVD (Peoples Commissariat of Internal Affairs) bodies in maintaining law and order under the conditions of the Soviet-Japanese war and the first post-war period. Based on the analysis of the documentation of the NKVD departments of Primorye and Khabarovsk territories, including internal administrative documents (orders, plans, etc.), as well as materials of primary party organizations (minutes of party meetings, certificates, memos, etc.), the author draws conclusions about the development of the criminal situation in the region, and discusses the NKVDs ways and directions to ensure law and order. Studying the stated problems, it was possible not only to state the presence of negative dynamics in the number and severity of criminal manifestations, but also to establish that the criminal crisis of the second half of 1945 was caused by the imposition of new socio-economic and political factors (including the amnesty for prisoners, the relocation of large masses of troops, the Soviet-Japanese war, the placement of prisoners of war, demobilization) on the already difficult criminal situation that had developed during the Great Patriotic War. The study largely confirmed the fact repeatedly noted in historiography about the impact of personnel starvation and problems of material support on the effectiveness of the NKVD in the war and post-war period. The archival documents show that the main ways to normalize the operational situation in the Far East region were measures concerning organizational work and operational-search activities, as well as control-methodical and administrative measures. The author concludes that the measures taken allowed the NKVD of the Far East to reverse the explosive growth of serious street crime by the end of 1945. However, this success was only partial - the overall level of criminal activity in the region continued to remain at a fairly high level for several post-war years.

scholarly journals Construction in post-war Siberia: Participation of German and Japan prisoners of War

2019 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
Sergey Kuznetsov ◽  
Sergey Karasev ◽  
Evgeniy Drobotushenko ◽  
Ugor Chapigin
Keyword(s):  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Post War

SECURING THE GARDEN AND LONGINGS FORHEIMATIN POST-WAR HANOVER, 1945–1948

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEX D'ERIZANS
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Concentration Camp ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
World War ◽  
The Status ◽  
Democratic Stability ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTZeroing in on private garden plots, the article discusses the manner in which Germans portrayed themselves in relation to displaced persons (DPs) – former foreign workers, Allied prisoners-of-war (POWs), and concentration camp inmates – in immediate post-Second World War Hanover. Challenging the notion that a coherent narrative of German victimization truly emerged only in the 1950s, the article reveals how German gardeners already articulated loudly a discourse through which they sought to depict themselves as decent, hard-working sufferers, while portraying displaced persons as immoral and dangerous perpetrators. The plots of garden owners, as foci of German yearnings forHeimat, came particularly under threat. Germans cherished such sites, not only because they provided the opportunity for procuring additional sustenance amidst a post-war world of scarcity, but because they symbolized longings to inhabit a peaceful, productive, and beautiful space into which the most turbulent history could not enter, and upon which a stable future could be constructed. Only with the removal of DPs could Germans claim for themselves the status of victims, while branding DPs perpetrators, and reaffirm past patterns of superiority and inferiority in both ethical and racial terms. In so doing, Germans could realize the innocence integral for achievingHeimatand establish democratic stability after 1945.

scholarly journals History of the Bogorodsky camp of the NKVD-Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR No. 437 for prisoners of war and internees (1945–1949)

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 (12) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER L. KUZMINYKH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Political Work ◽  
German Army ◽  
Security Institution ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Post War

The article examines the history of the formation and functioning of the Bogorodsky camp of the NKVD-Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR No. 437 for prisoners of war officers of the German army and its allies. The subject of the research is the institutional and legal foundations and practice of keeping officers-prisoners of war in the USSR using as an example a specific security institution. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the principles of historicism, consistency and interdisciplinarity of scientific analysis. On the basis of archival documents, the features of the camp infrastructure, the organization of the regime and security, food supply and medical services, labor use and political work with prisoners of war are revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that the Soviet state, despite the difficulties of the post-war period, managed to organize the life support and use of the labor of disarmed enemy servicemen. It was established that in the Soviet captivity, successful work was carried out to de-Nazify and demilitarize the mentality of former German soldiers and officers, as well as to train anti-fascists, who were seen as supporters of socialist transformations after their returning to homeland. Key words: The Great Patriotic War, German prisoners of war, the camps of the NKVD-Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR.

scholarly journals Hungarians in Kyiv. Leading figures of history of Hungarian-Ukrainian relations from 9th century to present day

2018 ◽  
pp. 847-850
Author(s):  
Stepan Vidnianskyi
Keyword(s):  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
Artistic Achievement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Conference Publication

In this review, the author sheds light on the content and concept of the publication entitled Hungarians in Kyiv. Historical Chapters of Hungarian-Ukrainian Relations from the 9th Century to the Present by Stefan-Arpad Madiar. In 2005, in the course of an international scientific conference ‘Ukraine-Hungary: Common Past and Present’ at the Institute of History of Ukraine of the NAS of Ukraine, the main issues and challenges of the history of relations between Ukraine and Hungary were discussed. The participants of the conference concluded an agreement on the establishment of the commission of historians to strengthen scientific cooperation. The review notes that Ukrainian and Hungarian historians should carry on a permanent dialogue on disputable matters related to the historical past of the two nations for obtaining objective knowledge about the relations between Hungary and Ukraine at different historical junctures. The book Hungarians in Kyiv. Historical Chapters of Hungarian-Ukrainian Relations from the 9th Century to the Present is considered as a joint artistic achievement of cooperation among Ukrainian and Hungarian historians. The review also mentions certain aspects of the past relations between Ukraine and Hungary, and the life of Stefan-Arpad Madiar, the main initiator, author, and layout director of the publication. The author stresses that it was Stefan-Arpad Madiar who managed to work on the book structure, select original illustrations, exclusive documentary materials, engage famous scholars and historians to the creation of the book, etc. The book consists of 23 problematically and chronologically arranged chapters and offers a glimpse of unique periods in the history of relations between Ukraine and Hungary, activities of Hungarian diplomatic missions in Kyiv and Ukrainian missions in Budapest, and contains information about Hungarian prisoners of war in post-war Kyiv based on memoirs and archival documents. The author is fully confident that this book will give its readers new knowledge about the history of relations between Ukraine and Hungary, thus facilitating the sense of a more profound understanding between the two nations. Key words: relations between Ukraine and Hungary, scientific conference, publication Hungarians in Kyiv. Historical Chapters of Hungarian-Ukrainian Relations from the 9th Century to the Present, Embassy of Hungary in Ukraine, cooperation between Ukraine and Hungary.

scholarly journals "Vojne je konec, a še naprej jemlje svoj davek" – slovenski in hrvaški vojni ujetniki ob koncu prve svetovne vojne in vpliv zakasnele repatriacije na vsakdanje življenje njihovih svojcev

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2019) (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lampe Urška
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social History ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Post War

Category: 1.01 Original scientific paper Language: Original in Slovene (Abstract in Slovene and English, Summary in English) Key words: World War I, Prisoners of War, repatriation, family, social history, history of women, post-war transition Summary: At the end of the First World War, one of the major problems was the issue of repatriation of prisoners of war. The end of the war, for various reasons, did not necessarily mean the end of captivity. The problem first appeared in mass form and conditioned the lives of not only the captives themselves but also their families – especially women and children who were eagerly awaiting the return of their relatives. The delayed repatriation had an impact on their economic and social situation and their daily lives in general. The article therefore addresses the question of the fate of the families of prisoners of war, who have been overlooked by historians, who may have waited for news of relatives and their return for many years after the armistice was concluded in 1918. The issue is addressed in the case of families of Slovenian and Croatian prisoners of war – the ex-Austro-Hungarian soldiers returning from captivity in Russia and Italy, based on requests from relatives submitted to the General Civilian Commissariat of Trieste.

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