Identity of Salvia weihaiensis (Lamiaceae) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUO-XIONG HU ◽  
HUA PENG
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
East Asia

Salvia Linnaeus (1753: 23) (tribe Mentheae, subfamily Nepetoideae) is by far the largest genus of Lamiaceae with approximately 1000 species (Alziar 1988–1993). Molecular phylogeny researches demonstrate that the genus is polyphyletic, and the clade “Salvia” in effect includes four distinct lineages, with intercalation of five other genera of tribe Mentheae (Walker et al. 2004, Walker & Sytsma 2007, Takano & Okada 2011, Will & Claßen-Bockhoff 2014). East Asia is one of three centers of diversity of Salvia with approximately 100 species (Walker et al. 2004), 82 species are native to China (Li & Hedge 1994, Hu et al. 2014). Additionally, S. coccinea Buc’hoz ex Etlinger (1777: 23) and S. tiliifolia Vahl (1794: 3), which are native to Central and South America, have naturalized successfully in China (Li & Hedge 1994, Hu et al. 2013).

New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Leena MYLLYS ◽  
Saara VELMALA ◽  
Raquel PINO-BODAS ◽  
Trevor GOWARD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
North West ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Variable Species

AbstractTwo new species of Bryoria are described based on morphology, chemistry and molecular phylogeny (ITS and Mcm7). Both species belong in section Bryoria, which was resolved as a polyphyletic group in the ITS+Mcm7 phylogeny. Bryoria alaskana belongs to a clade restricted to South-East Asia and north-west North America, and is so far known from south-east Alaska and the Sino-Himalayan Mountains. This highly variable species is most reliably recognized by its pendent, esorediate thallus, its production of fumarprotocetraric acid, and the combination of isotomic branching, abundant, whitish, predominantly fusiform pseudocyphellae, and sparse, short perpendicular side branches. Black emorient patches are lacking. Bryoria irwinii is endemic to north-west North America and is closely related to B. araucana from South America, B. poeltii from South-East Asia, as well as B. nadvornikiana and B. trichodes, both widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. It is a subpendent, esorediate species recognized by its predominantly anisotomic branching, olivaceous hue, black emorient patches, conspicuous pale brownish, fusiform pseudocyphellae, and numerous perpendicular, more or less basally constricted, side branches.

scholarly journals Business Cycles in South America and East Asia: An Introduction

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-186
Author(s):  
Alexandre Cunha ◽  
Jorge Sandes ◽  
Luis Vivanco
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
East Asia

Molecular phylogeny, species delimitation and biogeographic history of the Stegana (Steganina) shirozui species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from East Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Lian Wang ◽  
Jin-Ming Lu ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Hong-Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Species Group ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
West China ◽  
Divergence Time Estimation ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
South West

Abstract The Stegana (Steganina) shirozui species group is mainly distributed in East Asia. In the present study, the molecular phylogeny of the S. shirozui group was investigated based on mitochondrial (COI and ND2) and nuclear (28S rRNA) markers. The resulting trees support the S. shirozui group as monophyletic and indicate that in this group, species associated with closer affinities show higher structural homogeneity in male genitalia. Molecular species delimitation assess most species limits and recognize four new species in the S. shirozui group from south-west China: S. alianya sp. nov., S. diodonta sp. nov., S. zebromyia sp. nov. and S. zopheria sp. nov. One new synonym was also recognized. Additionally, three typical male genital characters of the S. shirozui group were placed on the molecular phylogenetic framework. The outcome of both divergence-time estimation and ancestral area reconstruction suggests that the S. shirozui group likely originated in south-west China in the Middle Miocene.

scholarly journals The first phylogenetic analysis of Palpigradi (Arachnida) – the most enigmatic arthropod order

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Giribet ◽  
Erin McIntyre ◽  
Erhard Christian ◽  
Luis Espinasa ◽  
Rodrigo L. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Ribosomal Genes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Two Alternatives

Palpigradi are a poorly understood group of delicate arachnids, often found in caves or other subterranean habitats. Concomitantly, they have been neglected from a phylogenetic point of view. Here we present the first molecular phylogeny of palpigrades based on specimens collected in different subterranean habitats, both endogean (soil) and hypogean (caves), from Australia, Africa, Europe, South America and North America. Analyses of two nuclear ribosomal genes and COI under an array of methods and homology schemes found monophyly of Palpigradi, Eukoeneniidae and a division of Eukoeneniidae into four main clades, three of which include samples from multiple continents. This supports either ancient vicariance or long-range dispersal, two alternatives we cannot distinguish with the data at hand. In addition, we show that our results are robust to homology scheme and analytical method, encouraging further use of the markers employed in this study to continue drawing a broader picture of palpigrade relationships.

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of the food relocation behaviour of the dung beetle tribe Eucraniini (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae:Scarabaeinae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico C. Ocampo ◽  
David C. Hawks
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Vicariant Event ◽  
Andean Uplift

A phylogenetic analysis using 28S and 18S rDNA provides evidence that the tribe Eucraniini is a monophyletic group and the sister-group of the Phanaeini and Dichotomiini. Our molecular phylogeny of the dung beetle tribes provides strong evidence for the monophyly of the subfamily Scarabaeinae. The monophyly of the tribe Eucraniini is well supported and it includes the genera Anomiopsoides Blackwelder, Ennearabdus van Lansberge, Eucranium Brullé and Glyphoderus Westwood. The food-lifting relocation behaviour present in species of Eucranium, Anomiopsoides and Glyphoderus is considered a derived condition and it most probably evolved from tunnelling behaviour. The preference for dry dung or dung pellets by species of Eucraniini genera, and feeding on plant material by species of Anomiopsoides, are considered apomorphic. Our analyses suggest that rolling behaviour in the Scarabaeinae evolved at least twice during their evolution. The incidence of high endemicity of dung beetles in the Monte biogeographic province of Argentina suggests that the area constitutes an independent centre of evolution. Our hypothesis is that a vicariant event was responsible for the divergence of the Eucraniini from a Neotropical lineage ancestral to Eucraniini and Phanaeini. The isolation of the Eucraniini lineage probably occurred after the Andean uplift during the Quechua diastrophism (middle Miocene) that resulted in the creation of xeric plains in austral regions of South America.

scholarly journals Origin and evolution of the Yangtze River reconstructed from the largest molecular phylogeny of Cyprinidae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Ge Xue ◽  
Yeke Wang ◽  
Hucai Zhang ◽  
Peter D. Clift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lacustrine Ecosystem

Abstract The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia, but its evolutionary history has long been debated. So far no robust biological evidences can be found to crack this mystery. Here we reconstruct spatiotemporal and diversification dynamics of endemic East Asian cyprinids based on a largest molecular phylogeny of Cyprinidae, including 1420 species, and show that their ancestors laying adhesive eggs were distributed in southern East Asia before ~24 Ma, subsequently dispersed to the Yangtze River to spawn semi-buoyant eggs at ~19 Ma. This indicates that the Yangtze River diverted eastward around the Oligocene-Miocene boundary. Some of these cyprinids evolved again into fishes producing adhesive eggs at ~13 Ma, together with a peaked net diversification rate, indicating that the river formed a potamo-lacustrine ecosystem during the Mid-Miocene. Our reconstruction of the history of the Yangtze River has higher time resolution and much better continuity than those deriving from geological studies.

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