Phylogeny of the Andean genus Deprea (Physalideae, Solanaceae): testing the generic circumscription

Deprea (Solanaceae) is a small South American genus of 10 species occurring in Andean areas from Venezuela to Bolivia. The circumscription of Deprea has been repeatedly modified in recent years, with new species being described and others transferred into or out of the genus. The relationships of Deprea to other genera of Solanaceae are still poorly understood, although it seems to be closely related to Larnax. A phylogenetic analysis was performed to test the monophyly of Deprea. Sequences from three molecular markers (nuclear ITS and waxy and chloroplast psbA-trnH) were analyzed by parsimony and Bayesian methods. All the species of Deprea and Larnax sampled were intermixed in a strongly supported clade in the consensus trees, and therefore the currently recognized Deprea species do not form a monophyletic group. At least four strongly supported clades could be recovered within the Deprea + Larnax assemblage, but the affinities of several species of both genera remained unresolved. Additional sampling including the majority of the Deprea + Larnax species and more representatives of genera in the Physalideae should be done to clarify relationships within the clade and to pinpoint the closest relatives of Deprea + Larnax.

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A monograph of the genus Placomaronea (Ascomycota, Candelariales)

The Lichenologist ◽

10.1017/s0024282909990156 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 513-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Martin WESTBERG ◽

Patrik FRÖDÉN ◽

Mats WEDIN

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Its Rdna ◽

Identification Key ◽

Tierra Del Fuego ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

African Continent ◽

Nuclear Its ◽

Three New Species

AbstractA monograph of the genus Placomaronea is presented; all species described earlier are revised, a total of six species is recognized, and an identification key is presented. In addition to the three previously known species, P. candelarioides, P. lambii and P. mendozae, three new species are described: Placomaronea kaernefeltii is a large rosette-like species known from one locality in northernmost Chile; Placomaronea fuegiana is a bullate, areolate species described from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina; Placomaronea minima is a small, areolate to minutely lobate species described from Chile and Argentina, and is the first species of Placomaronea to be reported from the African continent. In a phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ITS rDNA, Placomaronea is shown to form a monophyletic group within the Candelariales.

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Opuntia delafuentiana (Cactaceae: Opuntioideae), a new xoconostle from central Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.231.3.2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 231 (3) ◽

pp. 230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cesar Ramiro Martínez-González ◽

Isolda Luna-Vega ◽

Clemente Gallegos-Vázquez ◽

Ricardo García-Sandoval

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Molecular Marker ◽

Intergenic Spacer ◽

External Morphology ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

Central Mexico ◽

Chloroplast Gene ◽

Prickly Pears ◽

A New Species

We describe a new species of a wild Mexican Opuntia producer of edible acidic prickly pears (xoconostles), locally known as “xoconostle de cerro blanco“ (white hillside xoconostle), based on external morphology and micromorphology attributes (mainly characters of the spines). This species is morphologically compared with another four species of wild xoconostles distributed in the same region: O. joconostle, O. leiascheinvariana, O. oligacantha and O. matudae. A taxonomic key for the xoconostles of the area is provided. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of one chloroplast gene, one plastid intergenic spacer and one nuclear molecular marker, the new species was recognized as a monophyletic group within Opuntia s.s. sensu Majure et al.

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Systematics and biogeography of Eastern Caribbean frogs (Leptodactylidae: Eleutherodactylus), with the description of a new species from Dominica

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z94-297 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (12) ◽

pp. 2217-2237 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hinrich Kaiser ◽

David M. Green ◽

Michael Schmid

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Greater Antilles ◽

South American ◽

Island Endemic ◽

Rapid Divergence ◽

Present Distribution ◽

Eastern Caribbean

Populations of Eleutherodactylus on the island of Dominica, West Indies, differ from other Lesser Antillean members of the genus by their vocalizations, morphology, sexual size dimorphism, allozymes, and chromosomes. Thus, these populations comprise a new endemic species, closely related to E. johnstonei and E. martinicensis. The new species is most abundant in montane forest habitats at elevations of more than 500 m. Females commonly attain snout–vent lengths of more than 35 mm, making them the largest Lesser Antillean Eleutherodactylus. Frogs are brown during the day, but change color to dark orange when active at night. This species is the ninth Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus species and the fifth single-island endemic. A phylogenetic analysis of external and internal morphological characteristics shows that Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus are members of two distinct clades, one of South American origin, the other of Greater Antillean ancestry. We suggest that the present distribution of these species results from the dispersal of elements of the larger herpetofaunas from the Greater Antilles and South America, and that rapid divergence of the Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus fauna may be continuing. The phylogenetic analysis also confirms that morphological characters of Eleutherodactylus species can be highly homoplastic.

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The youngest South American rhynchocephalian, a survivor of the K/Pg extinction

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2014.0811 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 281 (1792) ◽

pp. 20140811 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Sebastián Apesteguía ◽

Raúl O. Gómez ◽

Guillermo W. Rougier

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

New Zealand ◽

South America ◽

Late Cretaceous ◽

South American ◽

New Taxon ◽

Northern Patagonia ◽

Extinction Event ◽

New Form

Rhynchocephalian lepidosaurs, though once widespread worldwide, are represented today only by the tuatara ( Sphenodon ) of New Zealand. After their apparent early Cretaceous extinction in Laurasia, they survived in southern continents. In South America, they are represented by different lineages of Late Cretaceous eupropalinal forms until their disappearance by the Cretaceous/Palaeogene (K/Pg) boundary. We describe here the only unambiguous Palaeogene rhynchocephalian from South America; this new taxon is a younger species of the otherwise Late Cretaceous genus Kawasphenodon . Phylogenetic analysis confirms the allocation of the genus to the clade Opisthodontia. The new form from the Palaeogene of Central Patagonia is much smaller than Kawasphenodon expectatus from the Late Cretaceous of Northern Patagonia. The new species shows that at least one group of rhynchocephalians not related to the extant Sphenodon survived in South America beyond the K/Pg extinction event. Furthermore, it adds to other trans-K/Pg ectotherm tetrapod taxa, suggesting that the end-Cretaceous extinction affected Patagonia more benignly than the Laurasian landmasses.

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A new ant-eating spider genus Suffascar (Araneae:Zodariidae) endemic to Madagascar: a considerable extension of the dual femoral organ clade

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is16064 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 519 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arnaud Henrard ◽

Rudy Jocqué

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Sister Group ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

Exact Role ◽

Group Relation ◽

Ant Eating

The new zodariid genus Suffascar, gen. nov. is described from Madagascar. It is apparently endemic to the island, common and speciose. Twelve new species were discovered and are here described: Suffascar albolineatus, sp. nov., S. fianara, sp. nov., S. fisheri, sp. nov., S. fitzpatrickae, sp. nov., S. gigas, sp. nov., S. griswoldi, sp. nov., S. macromma, sp. nov., S. micromma, sp. nov., S. nonus, sp. nov., S. scutatus, sp. nov., S. sufficiens, sp. nov. and S. tofti, sp. nov. It is well known that Zodariidae with femoral organs are specialised consumers of ants or termites, although the exact role of these glands still remains obscure. Suffascar is part of the ‘dual femoral organ clade’ (DF), which also includes Asceua Thorell, 1887, Suffasia Jocqué, 1991, and Suffrica Henrard & Jocqué, 2015. Using a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis, we test whether zodariids sharing the dual femoral organ are part of the same group as the ‘single femoral organ clade’ (SF) or form a separate monophyletic group. It appears that SF and DF constitute clearly monophyletic entities with a sister-group relation. These groups may be considered as distinct subfamilies and, together, they may turn out to be sister to the Storeninae (which then could be re-established). An analysis that focuses on these questions is underway. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:281E1357-FAEE-4300-B1BB-F0D43E724E91

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Hyoscyamus labiatus sp. nov. (Solanaceae: Hyoscyameae) from Henan, China: implications for the delimitation of Hyoscyamus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1010205/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yan-Yan Liu ◽

Qi-Rui Wang ◽

Zeng-Lu Mi ◽

Jia-Mei Li

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Henan Province ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

Related Genus ◽

Chloroplast Markers ◽

Phylogenetic Studies ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

A New Species

Abstract Background Hyoscyamus, the largest genus in the tribe Hyoscyameae, harbors more than 20 species. Although the monophyly of Hyoscyamus is supported by both morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the delimitation of Hyoscyamus has been hotly debated in different classifications. Here, we report a new species of Hyoscyamus (Solanaceae) from Henan Province, China, and discuss the delimitation of Hyoscyamus. Results This species is morphologically similar to the known species of Hyoscyamus and its close related genus Archihyoscyamus, but can be distinguished by corolla 2-lipped, adaxial lip 3-lobed and much longer than abaxial lips, tube slender at base, and stamens 5, inserted on inner side of disk, free, obviously unequal, and exceeding corolla. Phylogenetic analysis based on four chloroplast markers including rbcL, ndhF, trnC-psbM and trnL-trnF, strongly suggested that the new species was sister to a monophyletic group containing all species of Hyoscyamus and Archihyoscyamus previously described. Conclusions Both the morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of Hyoscyamus labiatus as a new species. Our study also showed that Archihyoscyamus should be a synonym of Hyoscyamus. The delimitation of Hyoscyamus is thus revised in our study.

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Revision of the South American genus Gaujonia Dognin (Noctuidae, Pantheinae) with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.985.51622 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 985 ◽

pp. 71-126

Author(s):

Jose I. Martinez

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

The Other ◽

South American ◽

New Combinations ◽

New Genera ◽

The South ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

One New Species

The endemic Neotropical genus Gaujonia Dognin is revised. Morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis demonstrate paraphyletic relationships among the species. Four different groups are interpreted to represent four different genera. The G. arbosi group is the only remaining clade in the genus Gaujonia, and the other groups have been arranged into three new genera: Milleranagen. nov., Oculicattusgen. nov., and Cicadoformagen. nov. Additionally, two other genera Cicadomorphusgen. nov., and Gaujopteragen. nov. were found using morphological and molecular analyses based on some specimens that were misidentified as Gaujonia spp. A total of five new genera, three new combinations (Cicadoforma vau-nigrum Hampson, comb. nov., Oculicattus renifera Hampson, comb. nov., and Millerana arbosioides Dognin, comb. nov.) and 21 new species (Cicadoforma ocelotussp. nov., Cicadomorphus chicharrasp. nov., Cicadomorphus chuyasp. nov., Cicadomorphus falkasiskasp. nov., Cicadomorphus lilianaesp. nov., Gaujonia bichusp. nov., Gaujonia chiqyaqsp. nov., Gaujonia kanakusikasp. nov., Gaujonia sourakovisp. nov., Gaujoptera amsasp. nov., Millerana austinisp. nov., Millerana cajassp. nov., Millerana cundinamarquensissp. nov., Millerana matthewsaesp. nov., Millerana tigrinasp. nov., Oculicattus bolivianasp. nov., Oculicattus brehmisp. nov., Oculicattus incasp. nov., Oculicattus raizaesp. nov., Oculicattus schmidtisp. nov., and Oculicattus uturunkusp. nov.) are established.

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Mahonia lancasteri (Berberidaceae), a new species originating from Sichuan (China) described from cultivation

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.482.1.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 482 (1) ◽

pp. 45-54

Author(s):

OLIVIER COLIN ◽

DAMIEN DANIEL HINSINGER ◽

JOERI SERGEJ STRIJK

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Similar Species ◽

Ecological Information ◽

West Central ◽

Nuclear Its ◽

A New Species

Mahonia lancasteri (Berberidaceae) is described from cultivation as a new species from west-central Sichuan, China. A detailed description, distributional data and ecological information along with color photographs are provided. In addition, a comparison of M. lancasteri with morphologically similar species, as well as information about its introduction and history in cultivation, is presented. We also performed a phylogenetic analysis using five molecular loci (nuclear ITS, accD, ndhF, rbcL and psbA-trnH) to further determine the close affinities of M. lancasteri. The new species naturally occurs in sympatry with several other Mahonia species.

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A new species of the Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado with a key for the two-pored species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4550.3.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4550 (3) ◽

pp. 301 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

SÍRIA RIBEIRO ◽

VÂNIA SÁ ◽

ALFREDO P. SANTOS-JR ◽

ROBERTA GRABOSKI ◽

HUSSAM ZAHER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Small Body ◽

Sister Group ◽

Lateral View ◽

South American ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Body Coloration ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

A New Species

Here, we describe a new species of Amphisbaena with two precloacal pores from open Cerrado areas of the municipality of Arenópolis, in the Brazilian state of Goiás. The new species differs from other South American amphisbaenids by the folllowing combination of characters: (1) snout rounded in dorsal view and slightly convex in lateral view; (2) two precloacal pores; (3) 161–176 dorsal half-annuli; and (4) 12–15 tail annuli. Our molecular phylogenetic analysis retrieved a monophyletic Amphisbaena silvestrii group, with A. silvestrii positioned as the sister-group of a clade formed by Amphisbaena anaemariae and the new species described herein. Members of the A. silvestrii group including A. neglecta and A. crisae not added in our phylogenetic analysis are characterized by a relatively small body, two precloacal pores, body coloration with dark and light areas, and lack of specializations on the cephalic or caudal shields. We present a key for two-pored species of Amphisbaena.

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A new South American species of Centris (Heterocentris) Cockerell, 1899 with a key to the species with horn-like projections on the clypeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3357.1.4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3357 (1) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DANNY VÉLEZ ◽

FELIPE VIVALLO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New South ◽

Tropical Dry Forest ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Solitary Bees ◽

Dry Forest ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Species Diagnosis

The genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 is one of the more diverse lineages of solitary bees in the Neotropical Region with more than250 described species. Here Centris ceratops new species is described from a tropical dry forest in northern Colombia (Colosó,Department of Sucre), thus increasing the number of known species to four in which the females possess a horn-like projectionon the clypeus. This group of bees belongs to a small monophyletic group within C. (Heterocentris). Along with the description of this new species, diagnosis, pictures and a key to identify the species of females with modified clypeus are also provided.

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