An ecological momentary assessment study of physical activity behaviors among mothers of toddlers from low-income households

Background Mothers of young children from low-income communities may be vulnerable to barriers associated with low physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between home environment factors and maternal physical activity among mothers of toddlers. Methods Mothers of toddlers (n = 200) recruited from low-income communities simultaneously wore an ankle-placed accelerometer and were given a personal digital assistant for ecological momentary assessment. Mothers received randomly prompted questions about their current environment, activity, and social setting several times a day over eight consecutive days. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects regression models with random intercepts; within-group and between-group relations between physical activity and environment factors were disaggregated. Results Within-group relations included higher physical activity counts for specific mothers with television off versus on (95% CI = 130.45, 199.17), children absent versus present (95% CI = 82.00, 3.43), engaging with a child versus not (95% CI = 52.66, 127.63), and outside versus inside location (95% CI = 277.74, 392.67). Between-group relations included higher physical activity on average when other adults were absent versus present (95% CI = − 282.63, − 46.95). Recruitment site (urban vs. semi-urban) significantly moderated the within-group relation between being outside versus inside and activity count (β = − 243.12, 95% CI = − 358.74, − 127.47), and showed stronger relations among urban mothers (β = 440.33, 95% CI = 358.41, 522.25), than semi-urban (β = 190.37, 95% CI = 109.64, 271.11). Maternal body weight significantly moderated the within-group relation between being located outside versus inside the home and activity count (β for interaction = − 188.67, 95% CI = − 308.95, − 68.39), with a stronger relation among mothers with normal weight (β = 451.62, 95% CI = 345.51, 557.73), than mothers with overweight/obesity (β = 271.95, 95% CI = 204.26, 339.64). Conclusions This study highlights home environmental factors, including screen time, the presence of others (adults and children), and location (i.e., outside versus inside) that may relate to maternal physical activity behaviors. Understanding factors associated with physical activity could reduce physical activity disparities. Trial registry ClinicalTrials. NCT02615158, April 2006

POLITICAL THREATS ONPERSONAL DETERIORATION THROUGH TRENDSETTING OF SARA EVENTS

This article analyzes the phenomenon of socio-political “crime”, which occursand develops in the state life of Indonesia. The form of this phenomenon is socialnegativism; a concept of which views the different socio-cultural attributes apartfrom itself as negativity. The ideology of this concept resulted in personalitydeterioration through the trendsetting events with a background of ethnicity,religion, race, and inter-group relation on social media. This portrait of the socialworld is very much in contradiction with the character or identity of Indonesianswho uphold the values and norms of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Thepersonality deterioration politics aims at destroying the integrity of politicalcontestants, both generally and in particular, therefore, it can widen the road to itssuccess in gaining power supremacy. The emergence of personality deteriorationpolitics is due to the weakness of civil society in Indonesia. On one side, theIndonesian public still depends significantly on the state, and on the other hand,it does not have full freedom to avoid the nepotism as a common practice in thecountry. This weakness of Indonesian civil society has resulted in the inability ofmulticulturalism to develop in the country.The particular situation and condition have caused the more common practice ofsocial negativism and personal deterioration. These pathogenic social phenomena, bothmicro and macro, has become a serious threat towards the life of the nation, which aims atcreating prosperity and serenity for all its citizen.

MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES AND RESULTS IN RESEARCH GROUPS

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this paper is to identify relationships between “managerial competencies” (MCs) and the resulting extension in Brazilian “research groups” (RGs), as well as differences resulting from sociodemographic/functional characteristics. Originality/value: Just like general organizations, RGs need to invest in aspects that enhance their results, taking more strategic approaches to efficiently gather and manage resources and establish networks and partnerships, features that are influenced by the leader’s competencies, which are not always satisfactorily displayed. In addition, the study is innovative in applying a scale of results in RGs (for the first time), identifying their relationships with MCs. Design/methodology/approach: We employed the Correlation Analysis (Kendall-Tau) and Difference tests between medians (Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis) from the questionnaires electronically completed by 387 RG leaders who accepted the invitation that was sent to 6,723 researchers. Findings: The study was based on scales with validity evidence, and its findings indicate that to achieve better results, it is not enough for the RGs leaders to control the management of people and research results; they also need to dedicate themselves to gathering resources and people because these MCs are more related to results in RGs. We also identified differences resulting from educational level, gender, scholarship grants, knowledge area, and/or research experience and group relation time.

Assessing The Relation Between Majority and Minority Groups: A Critical Study on the Spirit of Domination in a Heterogeneous Society

Group relation within any heterogeneous society in which people with their different characteristics and identities live together tends to run unequally due to the majorities’ domination toward minorities. Their spirit of domination is philosophically based on Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution “The Survival of the Fittest” which later incarnates itself in social domain and is used to justify that their domination upon minority groups is a kind of natural selection process. When this idea is perceived continuously from generation to generation, minorities will be the everlasting disadvantaged victims of the other group’s domination and suffer persistent annihilation and oppression, extending from the most moderate form like prejudice to the most extreme one such as discrimination. Besides being intended to discuss the complicated relation between majority and minority groups and explore the significance of the spirit of domination in determining the dynamics of group relation, this study is also aimed at offering some alternative ways to create egalitarian atmosphere in a heterogeneous society. Indeed, such new future is not impossible to be reached as far as reconciliation process is consistently carried out by both groups. Reconciliation, which might involve assimilation, accommodation, amalgamation, and pluralism, is the main key to realize equal and mutual relation between majority and minority groups

A new ant-eating spider genus Suffascar (Araneae:Zodariidae) endemic to Madagascar: a considerable extension of the dual femoral organ clade

The new zodariid genus Suffascar, gen. nov. is described from Madagascar. It is apparently endemic to the island, common and speciose. Twelve new species were discovered and are here described: Suffascar albolineatus, sp. nov., S. fianara, sp. nov., S. fisheri, sp. nov., S. fitzpatrickae, sp. nov., S. gigas, sp. nov., S. griswoldi, sp. nov., S. macromma, sp. nov., S. micromma, sp. nov., S. nonus, sp. nov., S. scutatus, sp. nov., S. sufficiens, sp. nov. and S. tofti, sp. nov. It is well known that Zodariidae with femoral organs are specialised consumers of ants or termites, although the exact role of these glands still remains obscure. Suffascar is part of the ‘dual femoral organ clade’ (DF), which also includes Asceua Thorell, 1887, Suffasia Jocqué, 1991, and Suffrica Henrard & Jocqué, 2015. Using a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis, we test whether zodariids sharing the dual femoral organ are part of the same group as the ‘single femoral organ clade’ (SF) or form a separate monophyletic group. It appears that SF and DF constitute clearly monophyletic entities with a sister-group relation. These groups may be considered as distinct subfamilies and, together, they may turn out to be sister to the Storeninae (which then could be re-established). An analysis that focuses on these questions is underway. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:281E1357-FAEE-4300-B1BB-F0D43E724E91

CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING

With the increasing internet literacy, the prospect of online marketing is increasing. There are millions of people online any time and they all are a potential consumer in the online market. Since there are so many providers, the most important thing for organizations is to understand what are consumer wants and needs in this competitive business environment. Customer buying behaviors are influenced by different factors such as culture, social class, references group relation, family, salary level and salary independency, age, gender etc. and so they show different customer behaviors. These studies explain online shopping important and consumer buying behavior in online shopping.