A reappraisal of the monophyly of the genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 (Platyhelminthes: Proseriata), with the description of a new species from the Mediterranean

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3011 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO CASU ◽  
PIERO COSSU ◽  
DARIA SANNA ◽  
TIZIANA LAI ◽  
FABIO SCARPA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Copulatory Organ ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
East African ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Variable Domains ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A New Species

Pseudomonocelis paupercula nov. sp. is described from brackish-water habitats of the Mediterranean. It is distinguished from other members of the genus by the copulatory organ provided with a stylet, combined with lack of vagina and presence of a muscular organ close to the female pore. Its phylogenetic relationships have been investigated sequencing complete 18S rRNA gene and partial 28S rRNA gene, spanning variable domains D1-D6. Both BI and ML suggest a sistertaxon relationships of P. paupercula nov. sp. with the east African P. cf cavernicola. However, statistical support is low. Conversely, MP indicates P. paupercula nov. sp. as sister-taxon to all the remaining Pseudomonocelis and Minona ilenae. Overall, results of the combined analysis do not support the monophyly of the genus Pseudomonocelis. The need for wider molecular and taxonomic sampling is stressed.

Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Georgia

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gorgadze ◽  
Elena Fanelli ◽  
Manana Lortkhipanidze ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Medea Burjanadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema borjomiense n. sp., was isolated from the body of the host insect, Oryctes nasicornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in Georgia, in the territory of Borjomi-Kharagauli. Morphological characters indicate that the new species is closely related to species of the feltiae-group. The infective juveniles are characterised by the following morphological characters: body length of 879 (777-989) μm, distance between the head and excretory pore = 72 (62-80) μm, pharynx length = 132 (122-142) μm, tail length = 70 (60-80) μm, ratio a = 26.3 (23.0-29.3), H% = 45 (40-51), D% = 54 (47-59), E% = 102 (95-115), and lateral fields consisting of seven ridges (eight incisures) at mid-body. Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. was molecularly characterised by sequencing three ribosomal regions (the ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains and the 18S rRNA gene) and the mitochondrial COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. borjomiense n. sp. differs from all other known species of Steinernema and is a member of the monticolum-group.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Mermisnigrescens Dujardin, (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitizing the introduced European earwig (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) in New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Presswell ◽  
S. Evans ◽  
R. Poulin ◽  
F. Jorge
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Forficula Auricularia ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
European Earwig

AbstractParasitic nematodes of the family Mermithidae were found to be infecting the introduced European earwig Forficula auricularia (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) in Dunedin, South Island, New Zealand. Adult females were later collected from various garden plants while depositing eggs. These mermithid specimens were identified morphologically as Mermis nigrescens Dujardin, 1842. A genetic distance of 0.7% between these specimens and a M. nigrescens isolate from Canada (18S rRNA gene), suggests that they have diverged genetically, but there are currently no available comparable sequences for the European M. nigrescens. Two additional nuclear fragments were also amplified, the 28S rRNA and the ribosomal DNA first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1), providing a basis for future studies. Bearing in mind the morphological similarity with other reported M. nigrescens and the lack of sequence data from other parts of the world, we retain the name M.nigrescens, and suggest that the species may be found to represent a complex of cryptic species when more worldwide data are available. Herein, we present a brief description of the post-parasitic worms and adult females, along with an inferred phylogeny using 18S rRNA gene sequences.

Molecular characterisation of two known species of Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 from Iran with notes on the validity of Paratylenchus audriellus Brown, 1959

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrab Esmaeili ◽  
Ramin Heydari ◽  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
Mozhgan Ziaie Bidhendi ◽  
Juan E. Palomares-Rius
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
First Record ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Valid Taxon ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Partial 18S

During a survey on pin nematodes in western Iran, two populations of Paratylenchus audriellus and Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus were collected and subsequently analysed morphologically and molecularly. Paratylenchus audriellus is characterised by the long stylet (48-61 μm) and the typical female tail with a characteristic claw-like process with sharply pointed terminus. To our knowledge, the Iranian population of P. tenuicaudatus is the first record from Iran. The molecular characterisation of P. audriellus nematodes using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences revealed that this species is clearly separated from P. straeleni and should be considered as a valid taxon.

scholarly journals Sequencing and Analysis of Fungal rRNA Operons for Development of Broad-Range Fungal PCR Assays

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1559-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna D. Khot ◽  
Daisy L. Ko ◽  
David N. Fredricks
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
28S Rrna Gene ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Distance Matrices

ABSTRACT rRNA genes are attractive targets for developing PCR assays targeting human fungal pathogens. Most studies have focused on the 18S rRNA gene, internal transcribed spacers, and the 5′ end of the 28S rRNA gene. An approximately 2,900-bp region of the 28S rRNA gene remains largely unexplored because sequences of many medically relevant fungi are either unavailable or undefined in genomic databases. The internal transcribed spacers and 28S rRNA gene of nine medically and phylogenetically important fungi were sequenced. In addition, 42 sequences from this region were acquired from public databases, resulting in an alignment of 51 fungal sequences spanning 30 fungal genera. For the nearly 3,950-bp region from the 3′ end of 18S rRNA gene to the 3′ end of the 28S rRNA gene, 27 broad-range PCR primers were designed such that their sequence homology with the human rRNA gene was minimal. All 62 possible amplicons in the size range from 75 to 400 bp from 27 primers were screened using fungal genomic DNA from 26 species spanning 14 genera. Eleven of the 62 amplicons did not cross-react with 1 μg/PCR human DNA but simultaneously amplified 10 fg of fungal DNA. Phylogenetic distance matrices were calculated for regions covered by these 11 amplicons based on 51 fungi. Two of these 11 amplicons successfully amplified 30 fg of fungal DNA from 25 of 26 fungi and provided the most phylogenetic information for species identification based on the distance matrices. These PCR assays hold promise for detection and identification of fungal pathogens in human tissues.

scholarly journals A new species of planthopper from Costa Rica in the genus Oropuna from palms in lowland tropical rainforest

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5081 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-130
Author(s):  
BRIAN W. BAHDER ◽  
MARCO A. ZUMBADO ECHAVARRIA ◽  
EDWIN A. BARRANTES BARRANTES ◽  
ERICKA E. HELMICK ◽  
CHARLES R. BARTLETT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fourth Species ◽  
A New Species

The derbid genus Oropuna is a small taxon of Neotropical planthoppers in the tribe Cenchreini comprised of three species. Recent survey work on palms for planthoppers in Costa Rica resulted in the discovery of a fourth species, Oropuna halo sp. n. In this study the new species is described and a key to the four species is provided along with sequence data for the cyctochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 18S rRNA gene for the novel taxon.  

scholarly journals Taxonomy of Three Oxytrichids (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), With Establishment of the New Species Rubrioxytricha guangzhouensis spec. nov.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotian Luo ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
William A. Bourland ◽  
Hamed A. El-Serehy ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Farraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Protozoa Ciliophora ◽  
Type Population ◽  
A New Species

Two oxytrichid ciliates collected from China, Oxytricha lithofera Foissner, 2016 and Rubrioxytricha haematoplasma (Blatterer and Foissner, 1990) Berger, 1999 were investigated based on living observations, protargol preparations, and molecular analyses. The Chinese population of O. lithofera shares highly distinctive features with the type population, e.g., lithosomes, abutting macronuclear nodules, straight undulating membranes, and long dorsal bristles. The morphology and morphogenesis of our new isolate of R. haematoplasma corresponds well with the type population. The 18S rRNA gene sequences of both species were obtained, and the molecular phylogeny of the genera Oxytricha Bory de Saint-Vincent in Lamouroux et al., 1824 and Rubrioxytricha Berger, 1999 was analyzed. In addition, we found that the Guangzhou population of R. haematoplasma described by Chen et al. (2015) can be distinguished from the type population and our isolate by the reddish-brown cortical granules (vs. lemon yellowish to greenish) and mitochondria-like granules present (vs. absent), as well as the slightly red cytoplasm (vs. slightly orange) and the marine or brackish water habitat (vs. freshwater). In addition, a 20-bp divergence in their 18S rRNA gene sequences indicates that they are not conspecific. Thus, we establish a new species, Rubrioxytricha guangzhouensis, for R. haematoplasma sensu Chen et al. (2015).

scholarly journals A new species of Tanaopsis (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Japan, with remarks on the functions of serial ridges and grooves on the appendages

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4282 (2) ◽  
pp. 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEIICHI KAKUI ◽  
DAISUKE SHIMADA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Hokkaido Island ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Northern Japan

We describe Tanaopsis japonica sp. nov. from intertidal and nearshore habitats around Hokkaido Island, northern Japan. This species closely resembles T. chotkarakde Bird & Bamber, 2000 and T. rawhitia Bird, 2011 in having the uropod with the endopod biarticulate and the exopod uniarticulate, but differs from them in the following characters: pereonite 4 as long as pereonite 5; mandibles lacking the molar; the number of simple setae on the antenna, propodal palm, and dactylus of pereopods 1–3; the number of spiniform setae on the cutting surface of the chelipedal dactylus; and the number of setae on the pleopods. We also determined a nearly complete nucleotide sequence for the 18S rRNA gene in T. japonica. In both sexes, Tanaopsis japonica sp. nov. bears serial ridges and grooves on the chela, antennule, and antenna. Parallel, fringed hatch marks on the chelipedal dactylus may function in stridulation. A series of denticulate ridges on the dorsal surface of antennal article 2 faces the ventral side of article 1 of the antennule, where there is a ventral series of slight grooves. Although the ranges of motion of the antennule and antenna were unclear, the ridges and grooves on the antenna and antennule may also function in producing sound. Two outer series of ridges on the chela, together with an outer furrow on the chela, may function in digging, by allowing bottom-sediments to be efficiently pushed aside. 

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Xiphinema ifacolum Luc, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Sri Lanka

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 925-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomia Susulovska ◽  
Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽  
Andrij Susulovsky ◽  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
Antonio Archidona-Yuste
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe

Summary Females and juveniles from a population of Xiphinema ifacolum from Sri Lanka are described based on morphology, morphometrics and molecular analyses. Morphologically, females and juveniles from Sri Lanka are similar to original descriptions and other reports from Brazil, Cameroon, Liberia, and São Tomé and Príncipe. The identity of the species was also confirmed by 18S rRNA gene sequences deposited in NCBI from Brazil (AY297826). Integrative diagnosis was completed with molecular data using D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 region, partial 18S-rRNA and the partial mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coxI). This is the third molecular characterisation for a species of the X. non-americanum Group 4, after X. oleae and X. tica. The use of different ribosomal and mitochondrial markers in this study, particularly, D2-D3, ITS1 and partial coxI, provided a precise and unequivocal tool for the identification of X. ifacolum and contributes to a better knowledge of the diversity within Xiphinema. Morphospecies Group 4 appears to be a paraphyletic group within the X. non-americanum assemblage.

scholarly journals Diversity of cultured photosynthetic flagellates in the North East Pacific and Arctic Oceans in summer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 6219-6259 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Balzano ◽  
P. Gourvil ◽  
R. Siano ◽  
M. Chanoine ◽  
D. Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
28S Rrna Gene ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract. During the MALINA cruise (summer 2009) an extensive effort was undertaken to isolate phytoplankton strains from the North East (NE) Pacific Ocean, the Bering Strait, and the Beaufort Sea. Strains were isolated by flow cytometry sorting (FCS) and pipetting before or after phytoplankton enrichment of seawater samples. Strains were isolated both onboard and back in the laboratory and cultured at 4 °C under light/dark conditions. Overall, we isolated and characterised by light microscopy and 18S rRNA gene sequencing 104 strains of photosynthetic flagellates which grouped into 21 genotypes (defined by 99.5% 18S rRNA gene sequence similarity) mainly affiliated to Chlorophyta and Heterokontophyta. The taxon most frequently isolated was an Arctic ecotype of the green algal genus Micromonas (Arctic Micromonas) which was almost the only phytoplankter recovered within picoplankton (≤ 2 μm) size range. Strains of Arctic Micromonas as well as three unidentified strains related to the same genus were identified in further details by sequencing the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA operon. The MALINA Micromonas strains share identical 18S rRNA and ITS sequences suggesting high genetic homogeneity within Arctic Micromonas. The unidentified strains form a genotype likely belonging to a new genus within the family Mamiellaceae to which Micromonas belongs. Other green algae genotypes from the genera Nephroselmis, Chlamydomonas, Pyramimonas were also isolated whereas Heterokontophyta included Pelagophyceae, Dictyochophyceae and Chrysophyceae. Dictyochophyceae included Pedinellales which could not be identified to the genus level whereas Chrysophyceae comprised Dinobryon faculiferum. Moreover, we isolated Rhodomonas sp. as well as a few Haptophyta and dinoflagellates. We identified the dinoflagellate Woloszynskia cincta by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and 28S rRNA gene sequencing. Our morphological analyses show that this species possess the diagnostic features of the genus Biecheleria, and the 28S rRNA gene topology corroborates this affiliation. We thus propose the transfer of W. cincta to the genus Biecheleria and its recombination as Biecheleria cincta.

scholarly journals Finding Sarcocystis spp. on the Tioman Island: 28S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing reveals nine new Sarcocystis species

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-427
Author(s):  
Florence C. H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Sarcocystis Species ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
28S Rrna Gene ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract The Tioman Island of Malaysia experienced acute muscular sarcocystosis outbreaks from 2011 to 2014. So far, a previous study based on the 18S rRNA gene sequencing has reported S. singaporensis, S. nesbitti and Sarcocystis sp. YLL-2013 in water samples acquired from the island, thus confirming the waterborne nature of this emerging parasitic disease. This study aimed to improve the detection methods for Sarcocystis, in order to have a clearer picture of the true diversity of Sarcocystis species in Tioman. A new primer set (28S R7F–28S R8 Deg R) was designed to amplify the 28S rRNA gene of Sarcocystis. Subsequently, Sarcocystidae was detected in 65.6% (21/32) of water samples and 28% (7/25) of soil samples acquired between 2014 and 2015 from Tioman. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) on 18 of the positive samples was then performed using amplicons generated from the same primer set. This yielded 53 potentially unique Sarcocystidae sequences (290 bp), of which nine of the most abundant, prevalent and unique sequences were named herein. In contrast, NGS of the 18S rRNA gene V9 hypervariable region of 10 selected samples detected only two Sarcocystis species (160 bp). S. mantioni was the most ubiquitous sequence found in this study.

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