Morphological variation in a conservative structure: the scapulocoracoids in Sympterygia acuta Garman, 1837 and Sympterygia bonapartii Müller & Henle, 1841 (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4318 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS D. JURADO ◽  
EZEQUIEL MABRAGAÑA ◽  
JUAN MARTÍN DÍAZ DE ASTARLOA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Morphologic Variation ◽  
Broad Variation ◽  
Males And Females

Scapulocoracoid variation in Sympterygia acuta and S. bonapartii was analyzed inter- and intraspecifically, and the utility of this structure as a diagnostic character in skates was evaluated. Skeletal pieces were obtained from a total of 85 specimens collected in coastal waters of northern Argentina in 2011 and 2012. Morphometric variation was analyzed using non parametric tests. Morphologic variation was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by comparing number, shape and arrangement of posterior fenestrae. Scapulocoracoids of both species are rectangular in shape and expanded anteroposteriorly, but those of S. bonapartii were more expanded. Differences in shape, both in males and females, were reflected in the ANOSIM test. Greatest Height and Height of Rear Corner were the variables that most contributed to the differences found between both species. These differences in morphology agree with previous descriptions. No sexual dimorphism was observed regarding scapulocoracoids in S. acuta, and only a slight variation between males and females of S. bonapartii was found. Number of postdorsal and postventral fenestrae was highly variable. At least five scapulocoracoid morphotypes for S. acuta (with two to six fenestrae) and seven scapulocoracoid morphotypes for S. bonapartii (with three up to nine fenestrae) were identified. However, patterns of fenestrae arrangement were also very diverse in both species. Therefore, a broad variation in fenestrae number and pattern, especially postdorsal ones, was shown in both species. These results indicate that caution needs to be taken when using the scapulocoracoids not only in phylogenetic studies but also in descriptions of new species. 

A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 528 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
JOSÉ SAID GUTIÉRREZ-ORTEGA ◽  
MIGUEL ANGEL PÉREZ-FARRERA ◽  
JEFFREY CHEMNICK ◽  
TIMOTHY J. GREGORY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Recent Evaluation

The cycad genus Dioon comprises 17 species from Mexico and Honduras, all of them delimited based on their morphological variation and geographic distribution. A recent evaluation of the biological variation among Dioon populations from Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico, demonstrated that the concept of the species Dioon merolae actually consists of three lineages that should be recognized as different taxa. One lineage was already described as Dioon oaxacensis, leaving the concept of Dioon merolae comprising two lineages distributed on both sides of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. However, there are conspicuous morphological differences between these two lineages. Here, we tested whether such a differentiation within the concept of Dioon merolae merits the differentiation of two different taxa. We evaluated the qualitative and morphometric variation among populations belonging to the Dioon merolae lineages, and compared it with the closely related species Dioon oaxacensis. Morphological observations and statistical tests demonstrated that the populations of southeastern Oaxaca, traditionally considered as part of Dioon merolae, represent a distinct species that we described as Dioon salas-moralesae. Identifying the diagnostic characters of this new species helps enable an understanding of the criteria that should be considered to delineate the boundaries between other cycad species.

scholarly journals A new species of sea urchin associating clingfish of the genus Dellichthys from New Zealand (Teleostei, Gobiesocidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 77-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin W. Conway ◽  
Andrew L. Stewart ◽  
Adam P. Summers
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Shallow Coastal Waters

A new species of clingfish, Dellichthystrnskii sp. n. is described on the basis of 27 specimens, 11.9–46.0 mm SL, collected from intertidal and shallow coastal waters of New Zealand. It is distinguished from its only congener, D.morelandi Briggs, 1955 by characters of the cephalic sensory system and oral jaws, snout shape, and colouration in life. A rediagnosis is provided for D.morelandi, which is shown to exhibit sexual dimorphism in snout shape.

One new species of scorpion belonging to the genus Euscorpiops Vachon, 1980 from Yunan, China (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Scorpiopinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2399 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONG SUN ◽  
MING-SHENG ZHU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Ventral Edge ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Euscorpiops Vachon, 1980 is described, based on specimens collected from Menglian County, Yunnan Province, China. It is characterized by the following characters: (1) pectinal teeth number 7–7 in females and 8–8 in males; (2) cheliceral movable finger with 6–7 basal teeth on ventral edge; (3) chela ratio of length to width over 3.5 in females and over 4.1 in males; (4) a slight lobe on movable finger and corresponding notch on fixed finger in both males and females, with no marked sexual dimorphism; (5) patella with 19 external trichobothria (6eb, 2esb, 2em, 4est, 5et), and with 10 ventral trichobothria. With the species described in the present publication, the number of known species of Euscorpiops is raised to 17.

A new hermit crab species of the Pagurixus anceps group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) from southern Japan, and supplemental notes on P. patiae Komai, 2006

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1627 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAYUKI OSAWA ◽  
TOMOYUKI KOMAI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
Southern Japan ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time

The pagurid hermit crab genus Pagurixus Melin, 1939, currently includes 24 species in the Indo-West Pacific, and recent studies have revealed the richness of this genus in southern Japan, particularly in coral reefs. In this paper, we deal with two species of the genus, P. dissimilis n. sp. described from southern Japan, and the recently described P. patiae Komai, 2006. The new species appears closest to P. nanus Komai & Takada, 2006 in both morphology and coloration in life, but is distinguished from the latter by having a clearly delimited dorsomesial margin of the dactylus of the right cheliped in males and females, a blunt but distinct median crest and a mesial row of small spines on the dorsal surface of the carpus of the male right cheliped, and paired gonopores in females. The newly obtained specimens of P. patiae from Okinawa Island enable us to describe the coloration in life of the species for the first time and to examine morphological variation. Brief notes on the distribution of the Japanese Pagurixus species are also provided.

Waterfall-inhabiting Naucoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of southern India and Sri Lanka: Pogonocaudina Sites and Zettel, n. gen., and a review of Diaphorocoris with descriptions of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2760 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
ROBERT W. SITES ◽  
HERBERT ZETTEL ◽  
M. ARUNACHALAM
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
Males And Females

A new genus of Naucoridae inhabiting a waterfall in Tamil Nadu state in southern India is described. Pogonocaudina Sites and Zettel NEW GENUS is diagnosed by a dense fringe of long hairs around the perimeter of the posterior abdominal segments, and by both males and females with a single segmented front tarsus with two pretarsal claws. Despite the lack of sexual dimorphism in the forelegs, this new genus is a member of the subfamily Laccocorinae, an assignment based on other characters consistent with this subfamily. Character states of this genus are compared with those of other Asian genera of Laccocorinae. The genus Diaphorocoris is reviewed and two new species are described here: Diaphorocoris arunachalami Sites and Zettel NEW SPECIES and D. kiliyur Sites and Zettel NEW SPECIES. Three species of Diaphorocoris are now known from southern India, and with one other species from Sri Lanka, a total of four species are now known in the genus. A taxonomic key is provided to distinguish all known waterfall-inhabiting Naucoridae in southern India and Sri Lanka.

Morphological variation in bony structures of Hylaeamys seuanezi (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) in Southern Bahia, Brazil

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franger J. García ◽  
Martín Roberto del Valle Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Average Shape ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Negative Pressures ◽  
First Time

Abstract Rodents of the genus Hylaeamys, are a group of cryptic species previously included in the Oryzomys capito complex. In Brazil are represented by six species, distributed in different biomes. However, the limits of their geographic distributions and taxonomy have not yet been well defined. In particular, the taxonomy for Hylaeamys seuanezi is unstable. Based on the analysis of bony structures and supported with geometric morphometric techniques, we characterize and compare the average shape from populations in four localities from Southern Bahia, Brazil. We review 145 individuals and we create morphological landmarks in skulls, mandibles, scapulae, and pelvis. In all the structures there were statistically significant differences between populations, in which the average shape from the Igrapiúna population was the most differentiated. Our results also showed differences between the pelvis of males and females, reporting for the first time sexual dimorphism for H. seuanezi. Finally, we provide a morphological diagnosis between the populations and postulate that such differences may be correlated with environmental and climatic factors that could be exerting negative pressures on H. seuanezi; as has been evidenced with other species of rodents and other mammals.

Skull morphological variation in a British stranded population of false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens): a three-dimensional geometric morphometric approach

2022 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Deborah Vicari ◽  
Richard C. Sabin ◽  
Richard P. Brown ◽  
Olivier Lambert ◽  
Giovanni Bianucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Killer Whale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
False Killer Whale ◽  
Sexual Shape Dimorphism ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Pseudorca Crassidens

The false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846)) is a globally distributed delphinid that shows geographical differentiation in its skull morphology. We explored cranial morphological variation in a sample of 85 skulls belonging to a mixed sex population stranded in the Moray Firth, Scotland, in 1927. A three-dimensional digitizer (Microscribe 2GX) was used to record 37 anatomical landmarks on the cranium and 25 on the mandible to investigate size and shape variation and to explore sexual dimorphism using geometric morphometric. Males showed greater overall skull size than females, whereas no sexual dimorphism could be identified in cranial and mandibular shape. Allometric skull changes occurred in parallel for both males and females, supporting the lack of sexual shape dimorphism for this particular sample. Also, fluctuating asymmetry did not differ between crania of males and females. This study confirms the absence of sexual shape dimorphism and the presence of a sexual size dimorphism in this false killer whale population.

Revision of the Australian Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2596 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
R. B. HALLIDAY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Shield ◽  
Typical Member ◽  
The Third ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Rich Fauna ◽  
Mite Family

The Australian fauna of the mite family Eviphididae (Acari: Mesostigmata) is revised. A total of 14 species is recorded, 10 of which are described as new: Alliphis halleri (G. & R. Canestrini), A. transversus sp. nov., Evimirus pentagonius Karg, E. scutellatus sp. nov., E. uropodinus (Berlese), Scarabaspis masani sp. nov., S. orientalis (Berlese), S. sternalis sp. nov., S. victoriensis sp. nov., Thinoseius helenae sp. nov., T. jarretti sp. nov., T. papillatus sp. nov., T. peltatus sp. nov., and T. variabilis sp. nov.. These species occur in soil, leaf litter, dung, compost, and seaweed, where they appear to prey on nematodes. A key for identification of these genera and species is provided. Several of the new species have character states that are unusual for their genera. In Alliphis transversus, the first pair of sternal lyrifissures are large, and oriented transversely to the long axis of the body, instead of obliquely, as is normal for the genus. Scarabaspis sternalis is unusual in having the third pair of sternal pores on the sternal shield. It also shows extensive geographic variation in the amount of ornamentation of the dorsal shield. Scarabaspis victoriensis has only one of the setae on coxa I modified into a flat oval-shaped disc instead of both, as is usual for the genus. Scarabaspis masani has normal setiform setae on both coxae I and II, but otherwise appears to be a typical member of the genus. The five species of Thinoseius described here show strong sexual dimorphism, which makes it impossible to associate the males and females of some species. Deutonymphs of an unidentified species of Thinoseius sp. are recorded as phoretic on flies of the genus Thoracochaeta (Sphaeroceridae). The eviphidid fauna of Australia is much smaller than that of Europe. This appears to be the result of the absence of small or monotypic genera, and the fact that Australian native mammals do not produce large quantities of wet dung suitable for the development of a rich fauna of coprophilous mites and dung beetles.

Three new species of Pambolus (Braconidae: Pambolinae) from Mexico, with comments on the variation of P. oblongispina Papp

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4377 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
MAGALI AGUILERA-URIBE ◽  
JUAN JOSÉ MARTÍNEZ ◽  
ALEJANDRO ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Southeast Mexico

Three species of the braconid genus Pambolus (Braconidae) are described from Mexico: P. jarocho sp. n., P. chinanteco sp. n. and P. bizelab sp. n. The external morphological variation in males and females of P. oblongispina Papp, previously known only by two females from Honduras and northern Mexico, is described based on material from Jalisco and Oaxaca in central and southeast Mexico. Molecular characterisation of the examined species was carried out based on the 28S nuclear ribosomal and the COI mitochondrial DNA gene markers. 

A new species of Paratagalis Monte from Brazil with taxonomical notes and a key to New World genera of Saicinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Saicinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2197 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
HÉLCIO R. GIL-SANTANA ◽  
LUIZ A. A. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
New World ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Paratagalis zikani sp. nov. from Brazil is described. A revised diagnosis of Paratagalis Monte, 1943, is provided. Morphological variation and sexual dimorphism of Paratagalis spinosus Monte, 1943, are described for the first time. A key to the Saicinae genera of the New World is provided.

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