scholarly journals Cryptic species among bumblebee mimics: an unrecognized Hemaris hawkmoth (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in eastern North America

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4399 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. CHRISTIAN SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
Larval Host Plants ◽  
Phenotypic Convergence

Through integrating molecular, morphological and natural history evidence, nominal Hemaris diffinis (Boisduval) of eastern North America is shown to include a second, cryptic species, Hemaris aethra (Strecker) stat. rev. Despite highly divergent mtDNA sequences and differing larval phenotypes, genitalic morphology, habitat and larval host plants, adults of H. aethra and sympatric H. diffinis are externally so similar that H. aethra has remained unrecognized for over a century. With a more northerly distribution than H. diffinis, H. aethra occurs from Manitoba to Nova Scotia and adjacent parts of the United States, the two species occurring in strict sympatry in eastern Ontario and likely other regions. Co-mimicry of Bombus Latreille bumblebee models has likely resulted in phenotypic convergence of H. diffinis and H. aethra, as the two do not appear to be sister taxa, the latter instead being more closely related to the western species H. thetis (Boisduval). The larvae of H. aethra are illustrated for the first time, together with diagnostic images and comparisons of adults. Lectotypes are designated for Hemaris tenuis Grote and Hemaris marginalis Grote. 

New species of Gymnocarena (Diptera: Tephritidae) from eastern North America and Guatemala, and the redescription of G. mississippiensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-265
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Sutton ◽  
Gary J. Steck ◽  
Allen L. Norrbom
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
First Record ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Larval Host Plants

AbstractWe describe three new species of fruit flies (Tephritidae: Tephritinae) (Gymnocarena defoeisp. nov. and Gymnocarenanorrbomisp. nov., from eastern North America and Gymnocarena monzonisp. nov. from Guatemala) and redescribe Gymnocarena mississippiensis Norrbom. Gymnocarena monzoni is the first Gymnocarena species to be recorded from Guatemala. This brings the total number of named species in this genus to 19. New larval host plant (Asteraceae) records for Gymnocarena include Verbesina helianthoides Michx. for G. mississippiensis and G. norrbomi, Verbesinaalternifolia (L.) Britton ex Kearney for G. norrbomi, and Viguiera cordata (Hook. and Arn.) D'Arcy for G. monzoni. The latter represents the first record for Gymnocarena in Viguiera Kunth. Gymnocarena larvae were also recorded from Verbesina virginica L. but not identified to species. A revised key to the known species of Gymnocarena and additional information on larval host plants and biology are provided.

TWO NEW SPECIES OF METALLIC-GREEN COLEOPHORA HÜBNER (LEPIDOPTERA: COLEOPHORIDAE) FROM THE NEARCTIC REGION, AND FIRST RECORDS OF C. MAYRELLA (HÜBNER) FROM SOUTH AMERICA

1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1185-1191
Author(s):  
Jean-François Landry
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
South America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Larval Host Plants ◽  
Nearctic Region

AbstractTwo new species of metallic-green Coleophora are described from the Nearctic region: C. alabama Landry from coastal Alabama, U.S.A.; and C. mexicana Landry from the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Modifications to the key to adults of the Nearctic species of metallic-green Coleophora from Landry and Wright (1993) are provided to account for these new species. Larval host plants and natural history are unknown. Both species are tentatively placed in the ramitella group. Coleophora mayrella (Hübner), originally from the Old World but long established in North America, is recorded for the first time from South America (Chile and Argentina).

scholarly journals A review of the Schinia tertia (Grote) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 473 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL G. POGUE ◽  
CHARLES E. HARP
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Four closely related species of Schinia are diagnosed using characters of maculation, genitalia, larval host plants, and distribution. The revised status of both Schinia albafascia Smith and Schinia brunnea Barnes and McDunnough are based on differences in wing maculation and male and female genitalic structures. The revised synonymy of Schinia megarena Smith with Schinia tertia (Grote) is discussed. Male and female genitalia are described and illustrated for the first time for all species.

Cytotaxonomy of some Cirsium species of the eastern United States, with a key to eastern species

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Moore ◽  
C. Frankton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eastern Species

The morphology and chromosome number of nine species of Cirsium of eastern North America are considered. Chromosome counts are presented for the first time for C. iowense, 2n = 18; C. lecontei, 2n = 32; C. nuttallii, 2n = 24, 28; C. repandum, 2n = 30; C. smallii, 2n = 34; C. engelmannii, 2n = 20; C. texanum, 2n = 22, 24; C. virginianum, 2n = 28. Additional chromosomes, possibly to be considered as accessories, were found in C. nuttallii, C. engelmannii, and C. texanum. These chromosomes render uncertain the number characteristic of these species. A key to the 26 native and introduced species found in Canada and the United States east of 100° west latitude is presented. The interrelationships of the eastern species and of the species of the western series Undulata are discussed.

scholarly journals New data on Aricia agestis (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), its life history and occurrence in the Podkarpacie region of Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Jarosław BURY
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Erodium Cicutarium ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
First Time ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Aricia agestis (Lycaenidae) is a widespread and not endangered species, however its biology is poorly known in Poland. Helianthemum nummularium L. (Cistaceae) and Erodium cicutarium L., Geranium pratense L., Geranium sanquineum L., and Geranium pusilum L. (Geraniaceae) were mentioned as larval host plants from Poland so far, but no data about preimaginal stages of the species were known from south-eastern part of the country. From 2009 up to 2014 many new records of imagines of A. agestis were revealed in mountain and sub-mountain zones of Podkarpacie region, where A. agestis was known from few isolated localities. Additionally, during the observations carried out in 2012 in central and south Podkarpacie region, eggs and early instar caterpillars (L1 & L2) of the second generation were found for the first time in nature on Geranium phaeum L. (Lipnik), and their occurrence on G. pratense L. was detected at the locality of Markowa. Interactions of caterpillars with ants were not recorded. In conclusion, A. agestis is in expansion in mountain and sub-mountain zones of Podkarpacie region (south-eastern Poland) and Geranium phaeum L. is established as the new larval host plants of A. agestis from Poland.

CHAETOCNEMA CONCINNA (MARSHAM, 1802), A EUROPEAN FLEA BEETLE INTRODUCED IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: ALTICINAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Laurent Lesage
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
First Time

AbstractChaetocnema concinna (Marsham, 1802), a European flea beetle, is reported for the first time from Canada. Preliminary collection data indicate that it may feed on the same host plants as in Europe. It has been collected to date in Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and Maine.

Host plants of someRhinanthoideae (Scrophulariaceae) of eastern North America

1977 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lytton J. Musselman ◽  
William F. Mann
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Eastern North America

scholarly journals A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada

ZooKeys ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 633 ◽  
pp. 1-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Fernandez-Triana ◽  
Caroline Boudreault ◽  
Joel Buffam ◽  
Ronald Maclean
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Annotated Checklist ◽  
First Time

Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from the city of Ottawa and its surroundings (a 50-km radius circle, ~7,800 km2) were studied based on 1,928 specimens collected between 1894 and 2010, and housed in the Canadian National Collection of Insects. A total of 158 species from 21 genera were identified, which is by far the highest number of species ever recorded for a locality in North America. An annotated checklist of species is provided.Choerasparasitellae(Bouché, 1834) andPholetesornanus(Reinhard, 1880) are recorded for the first time in the Nearctic (previously only known from the Palearctic region),Cotesiadepressa(Viereck, 1912) is recorded for the first time in Canada (previously only known from the United States), andCotesiahemileucae(Riley, 1881) andProtapantelesphlyctaeniae(Muesebeck, 1929) are recorded for the first time in the province of Ontario. In Ottawa the most diverse genera areCotesia,Apanteles,Microplitis,Pholetesor,Microgaster, andDolichogenidea, altogether comprising 77% of the species found in the area. A total of 73 species (46%) were represented by only one or two specimens, suggesting that the inventory for Ottawa is still relatively incomplete. Seasonal distribution showed several peaks of activity, in spring, summer, and early fall. That general pattern varied for individual species, with some showing a single peak of abundance either in the summer or towards the end of the season, others species attaining two peaks, in late spring and late summer, or in early summer and early fall, and yet others attaining up to three different peaks, in spring, summer and fall. At least 72 of the Microgastrinae species from Ottawa have been previously associated with 554 species of Lepidoptera as hosts – but those historical literature records are not always reliable and in many cases are based on data from areas beyond Ottawa. Thus, our knowledge of the associations between the 158 species of microgastrine parasitoids and the caterpillars of the 2,064 species of Lepidoptera recorded from Ottawa is still very incomplete.

scholarly journals Local- and Landscape-Level Variables Related to Poweshiek Skipperling Presence in Michigan Prairie Fens

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint D. Pogue ◽  
Michael J. Monfils ◽  
David L. Cuthrell ◽  
Rachel A. Hackett ◽  
Riley A. Zionce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Weedy Species ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Abstract The Poweshiek skipperling Oarisma poweshiek, Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae is a historically common prairie butterfly with a range extending throughout prairie systems of the upper midwestern United States and southern Manitoba, Canada. Rapid, range-wide declines have reduced the number of verified Poweshiek skipperling locations to one in Manitoba prairie, one in Wisconsin prairie, and four in prairie fens in Michigan. Our objective was to investigate parameter suites with the potential to be biologically relevant to Poweshiek skipperling occupancy with the goal of informing conservation efforts. At 18 prairie fens categorized as occupied (n = 9) or unoccupied (n = 9), we collected information on plant biodiversity, water chemistry, soil chemistry, site geometry, and surrounding current and historical land cover at three spatial scales. To address the complexity of these systems, we used multiresponse permutation procedures and nonmetric multidimensional scaling to explore associations between variable groups thought to be relevant to Poweshiek skipperling (conditions for suspected larval host plants, system integrity, and agricultural influence) and occupancy categories. We used indicator species analysis to understand the relationships between plant biodiversity and Poweshiek skipperling occupancy at whole- and intrafen scales. Multiresponse permutation procedures analysis suggested that conditions for suspected larval host plants differed between occupied and unoccupied prairie fens. At the whole-fen scale, we identified 14 plant species associated with Poweshiek-occupied sites, including two purported larval host plants, Muhlenbergia richardsonis and Schizachyrium scoparium. At the intrafen scale, we identified 52 species associated with unoccupied Poweshiek sites, including many weedy species and those tolerant of inundated conditions. Our results can inform the evaluation of potentially suitable habitat for introduction and reintroduction efforts.

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