Description of the snail-eating flatworm in marine aquaria, Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov. (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes)

We describe a new marine snail-eating flatworm, Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov., found in coral-bearing marine aquaria. Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov. is characterised by several differential characters of the external and internal morphology like 1) a long line of frontal eyes extending anteriorly; 2) the length of the penis papilla; 3) the spherical seminal vesicle; 4) the lack of the enlargements of the ejaculatory duct; 5) the uterine vesicles, which start posterior of the female genital at the level of the sucker and 6) the distinct sucker. The combination of these characters in one species is unique and therefore the studied specimens are recognised by us as a new species. We additionally present a phylogenetic reconstruction using partial 28S rDNA sequences including three congeners. Our analysis demonstrates that P. tectivorum sp. nov. differs also genetically from other Pericelis species included in this analysis.

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A giant new species of Enchiridium (Polycladida, Prosthiostomidae) from southwestern Japan

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.918.47061 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 918 ◽

pp. 15-28

Author(s):

Aoi Tsuyuki ◽

Hiroshi Kajihara

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Ejaculatory Duct ◽

Dorsal Surface ◽

Subtidal Zone ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Rocky Subtidal ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

A New Species ◽

Muscle Sheath

We describe a new species of polyclad flatworm, Enchiridium daidaisp. nov., from the rocky subtidal zone in the East China Sea along the coasts of the Kyushu and Okinawa Islands, Japan. Enchiridium daidaisp. nov. is characterized by i) the entire periphery of the dorsal surface narrowly fringed with orange, ii) a marginal-eyespot band extending to the position of the mouth (about anterior one-eighth of body), and iii) two prostatic vesicles covered by a common muscle sheath, which is penetrated by the ejaculatory duct. We performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 945-bp 28S rDNA sequences of 16 species of Prosthiostomidae currently available in public databases in addition to those of E. daidaisp. nov. and Prosthiostomum torquatumTsuyuki et al., 2019. In the resulting tree, our new species was nested in a clade composed of Enchiridium species. The tree topology was in favor of a taxonomic view that Enchiridium should be defined by having i) a common muscle sheath that encloses two prostatic vesicles and ii) marginal eyespots that may or may not surround the periphery of the dorsal surface.

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Neohexostoma gymnosardae n. sp. (Monogenea, Hexostomatidae), a gill parasite of Gymnosarda unicolor (Valenciennes) (Teleostei, Scombridae) in the South China Sea

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2020067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Pei-Wei Zhu ◽

You-Zhi Li ◽

Lin Liu ◽

Xue-Juan Ding ◽

Kai Yuan

Keyword(s):

South China Sea ◽

South China ◽

The South China Sea ◽

The South ◽

China Sea ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Gill Filaments ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

Parasite Biodiversity ◽

A New Species

Parasite biodiversity of fish in coral reefs of the South China Sea is still incompletely explored. We describe here a new species of Neohexostoma (Monogenea: Hexostomatidae) from the gill filaments of the dogtooth tuna Gymnosarda unicolor (Scombridae), collected off Yongshu Reef, South China Sea. Neohexostoma gymnosardae n. sp. is distinguished from its congeners by the following features: (i) haptor clearly marked from body proper by a strongly constricted peduncle, divided in its posterior margin into two symmetrical lobes, (ii) vagina armed with scattered small blunt spines, (iii) eggs tied by their long polar filaments, (vi) esophagus with several lateral diverticula, (v) intestinal ceca unfused and extending into the haptor. We present an analysis of the relationships of this monogenean based on partial 28S rDNA sequences. An identification key for species of Neohexostoma is provided. This is the first member of the genus Neohexostoma known to parasitize a species of Gymnosarda.

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Phasmarhabditis zhejiangensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a new rhabditid nematode from Zhejiang, China

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241413 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241413

Author(s):

Chao-nan Zhang ◽

Qi-zhi Liu

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Nematode Species ◽

The Body ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Spicule Length ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Tail Shape ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

A New Species

A new nematode species of the genus Phasmarhabditis was isolated from the body surface of a slug (Philomycus bilineatus Benson, PB). Morphological and molecular analyses confirmed this nematode as a new species. The nematode was named Phasmarhabditis zhejiangensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) and is dioecious. In males, the open bursa with genital papillae is characterized by the formula 1-1-1-2-1-3, and the spicule length is 58μm. In female, the vulva is located approximately in the middle of the body. The nematode belongs to papillosa group because of its tail shape pointed with filiform tip. The phasmids are rod-shaped. The posterior anus is slightly swollen. P. zhejiangensis was further characterized by internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA sequences. After the sequencing results were compared with sequences available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the maximum similarities of ITS, 18S and 28S sequences were 89.81%, 96.22% and 95.28%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses placed Phasmarhabditis zhejiangensis sp. nov. in the genus Phasmarhabditis.

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Internal phylogeny of the Chilopoda (Myriapoda, Arthropoda) using complete 18S rDNA and partial 28S rDNA sequences

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1999.0373 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 354 (1380) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Gonzalo Giribet ◽

Salvador Carranza ◽

Marta Riutort ◽

Jaume Baguñà ◽

Carles Ribera

Keyword(s):

18S Rdna ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Strong Support ◽

28S Rdna ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Mode Of Life ◽

Branch Support ◽

28S Rdna Sequences

The internal phylogeny of the ‘myriapod’ class Chilopoda is evaluated for 12 species belonging to the five extant centipede orders, using 18S rDNA complete gene sequence and 28S rDNA partial gene sequence data. Equally and differentially weighted parsimony, neighbour–joining and maximum–likelihood were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, and bootstrapping and branch support analyses were performed to evaluate tree topology stability. The results show that the Chilopoda constitute a monophyletic group that is divided into two lines, Notostigmophora (= Scutigeromorpha) and Pleurostigmophora, as found in previous morphological analyses. The Notostigmophora are markedly modified for their epigenic mode of life. The first offshoot of the Pleurostigmophora are the Lithobiomorpha, followed by the Craterostigmomorpha and by the Epimorpha s. str. (= Scolopendromorpha + Geophilomorpha), although strong support for the monophyly of the Epimorpha s. lat. (= Craterostigmomorpha + Epimorpha s. str.) is only found in the differentially weighted parsimony analysis.

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A new species of Auriculostoma (Trematoda: Allocreadiidae) from the intestine of Brycon guatemalensis (Characiformes: Bryconidae) from the Usumacinta River Basin, Mexico, based on morphology and 28S rDNA sequences, with a key to species of the genus

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4196.2.5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4196 (2) ◽

pp. 261 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

DAVID IVÁN HERNÁNDEZ-MENA ◽

CHRISTINA LYNGGAARD ◽

BERENIT MENDOZA-GARFIAS ◽

GERARDO PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

28S Rdna ◽

The Other ◽

Sister Taxon ◽

Host Association ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

A New Species

We describe a new species of Auriculostoma Scholz, Aguirre-Macedo & Choudhury, 2004 based on several sources of information including morphology (light and scanning electron microscopy [SEM]), sequences of two nuclear genes, host association, and geographical distribution. Morphologically, the new species most closely resembles Auriculostoma astyanace Scholz, Aguirre-Macedo & Choudhury, 2004, but differs by having deeply lobated testes and cirrus-sac extending posteriorly to seminal receptacle level. Auriculostoma lobata n. sp. can be readily distinguished from all the other congeners by the combination of the following characters: testes located in tandem, testes deeply lobated, and larger body size. A phylogenetic analysis using 28S rDNA sequences along with those available for other allocreadiid trematodes, revealed that the new species is a sister taxon of A. astyanace, a species described from the banded astyanax, Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier) in Nicaragua. Auriculostoma totonacapanensis Razo-Mendivil, Mendoza-Garfias, Pérez-Ponce de León & Rubio-Godoy, 2014 from the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus (De Filippi) in Mexico is the sister taxon of A. astyanace plus the new species. Genetic divergence levels for the 28S rDNA and ITS2 were estimated among the Middle-American species of Auriculostoma infecting characiforms. The validity of the new species is then established by reliable morphological differences, its host association to bryconids (Brycon guatemalensis Regan), restricted geographical distribution (Usumacinta and Lacantun River basins), and genetic divergence levels, albeit relatively low. A morphometric comparison between the new species and the other seven congeneric species was undertaken and, in addition, a taxonomic key to identify the species contained in the genus Auriculostoma, widely distributed across the Americas, is provided.

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Molecular characterization and phylogeny of some mazocraeidean monogeneans from carangid fish

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2016-0047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Neeraja Tambireddy ◽

Tripathi Gayatri ◽

Pathakota Gireesh-Babu ◽

Annam Pavan-Kumar

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

High Bootstrap ◽

Coi Sequences ◽

Inference Methods ◽

Host Parasite ◽

First Time

AbstractPolyopisthocotylean monogenean parasites of fishes are highly host specific and have been used as an appropriate model to study the host-parasite co-evolution. In the present study, eight monogeneans of the order Mazocraeidea were characterized by nuclear 28S rDNA sequences and their phylogenetic relationship with other polyopisthocotylean species was investigated. Neighbour-joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods were used for phylogenetic reconstruction. The topology sustained by high bootstrap was: (((Hexabothriidae (Mazocraeidae (Discocotylidae (Diplozoidae (Diclidophoridae (Plectanocotylidae (Heteromicrocotylidae (Microcotylidae (Heteraxinidae), (Thoracocotylidae, Gotocotylidae (Gastrocoylidae (Allodiscocotylidae: Protomicrocotylidae))). In addition, we have also developed DNA barcodes (COI sequences) for six species and the barcodes clearly discriminated all the species. The polytomy within Protomicrocotylidae family is resolved in this study for the first time and it appears that within this family, Bilaterocotyloides species are basal compared to Neomicrocotyle and Lethacotyle species while the latter is the more derived.

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Systematic revision, cladistics and biogeography of the genus Neogutierrezia Martínez (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae) and its phylogenetic placement in Rutelinae based on structural alignment of 28S rDNA sequences

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is09035 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 81 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Federico C. Ocampo ◽

Eider Ruiz-Manzanos ◽

Adriana E. Marvaldi

Keyword(s):

Structural Alignment ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Cladistic Analysis ◽

28S Rdna ◽

Structure Alignment ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Systematic Revision ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

28S Rdna Sequences

The Argentinean endemic genus Neogutierrezia Martínez, 1953 (Scarabaeidae : Rutelinae) is revised and seven new species are described: N. bicolor Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. chelii Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. galileoi Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. lagosae Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. payuniensis Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. scutata Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov. and N. variabilis Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov. Species status is proposed for N. affinis Martínez stat. nov., which was formerly considered as subspecies of N. mirabilis Martínez. The genus Neogutierrezia now includes 10 species distributed in the Monte biogeographic province in Argentina. In order to clarify the systematic placement of the genus Neogutierrezia, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed using structurally aligned 28S rDNA sequences (expansion segments D2 and D3) from 23 taxa in Scarabaeoidea, including two representative species of Neogutierrezia. This is the first report of an annotated secondary structure alignment of the D2 and D3 segments of 28S rRNA that spans a wide sample of scarabaeoids, providing a useful homology template for further phylogenetic reconstruction in these and closely related beetles. Results of the molecular parsimony analysis strongly indicate that the genus is closely related to members of the Rutelinae (Scarabaeidae), and thus Neogutierrezia Martínez is transferred from Melolonthinae: Pachydemini to Rutelinae, new placement. A morphological cladistic analysis of the genus was also undertaken, including all the 10 known species in the genus plus two outgroup taxa in Rutelinae, and based on 53 adult characters. The most-parsimonious cladogram provides evidence for the monophyly of the genus, which shows three main clades, distributed in Central Monte and Southern Monte. The adult morphology of the 10 species is described and a key is provided, along with illustrations of the diagnostic characters. The biogeography of species in the genus is discussed.

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Mucor cheongyangensis, a new species isolated from the surface of Lycorma delicatula in Korea

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.446.1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 446 (1) ◽

pp. 33-42

Author(s):

THUONG T. T. NGUYEN ◽

HYANG BURM LEE

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Large Subunit ◽

28S Rdna ◽

Fungal Taxon ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Lycorma Delicatula ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

A New Species

A new species of Mucor, isolated from the surface of Lycorma delicatula collected at Cheongyang in the Chungnam Province of Korea, is described and compared with morphologically similar taxa. The phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (28S) rDNA sequences revealed that this isolate is closely related to M. orantomantidis and M. guilliermondii. However, the new isolate differs from those by having larger sporangia (24.5–125 × 23.5–120 µm), rhizoid-like structures, and production of secondary sporangia from vesicles outside of the original sporangium. Here, this novel fungal taxon is proposed as Mucor cheongyangensis sp. nov.

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Description of a new species of Paraplehnia (Polycladida, Stylochoidea) from Japan, with inference on the phylogenetic position of Plehniidae

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.864.33955 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 864 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuki Oya ◽

Taeko Kimura ◽

Hiroshi Kajihara

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Future Studies ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

The Family ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

Unidentified Species ◽

A New Species

We describe a new species of polyclad flatworm, Paraplehniaseisuiaesp. nov., from 298–310 m depths in the Sea of Kumano, West Pacific, Japan. Paraplehniaseisuiaesp. nov. is characterized by i) a developed muscular wall proximally occupying about one-third of the prostatic vesicle, ii) no common duct between the spermiducal bulbs and the prostatic vesicle, and iii) a genital pit between the male and female gonopores. We provide a partial sequence (712 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene as a DNA barcode for the species. Our phylogenetic analyses based on 603-bp 28S rDNA sequences indicate that P.seisuiaesp. nov. is nested in a clade consisting of stylochoid species along with unidentified species of Stylochus. It suggests that Plehniidae belongs to Stylochoidea, although this should be confirmed by future studies that contain Plehniaarctica (Plehn, 1896), the type species of the type genus of the family. The interfamily relationship among the superfamily Stylochoidea remains poorly resolved.

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A new species of Contomastix (Squamata, Teiidae) supported by total evidence, with remarks on diagnostic characters defining the genus

Herpetological Journal ◽

10.33256/hj29.1.2336 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 23-36

Author(s):

Mario. R. Cabrera

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Total Evidence ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Proximal Margin ◽

Diagnostic Characters ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

A New Species ◽

Molecular Characters

Formerly Cnemidophorus was thought to be the most speciose genus of Teiidae. This genus comprised four morphological groups that were later defined as four different genera, Ameivula, Aurivela, Cnemidophorus and Contomastix. The last appears as paraphyletic in a recent phylogenetic reconstruction based on morphology, but monophyletic in a reconstruction using molecular characters. Six species are allocated to Contomastix. One of them, C. lacertoides, having an extensive and disjunct geographic distribution in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. Preliminary analyses revealed morphological differences among its populations, suggesting that it is actually a complex of species. Here, we describe a new species corresponding to the Argentinian populations hitherto regarded as C. lacertoides, by integrating morphological and molecular evidence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of notched proximal margin of the tongue is a character that defines the genus Contomastix.

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