Proposal of Arktourella gen. nov., a new genus of the family Normanellidae Lang 1944 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Province of Cortez

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5057 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
SAMUEL GÓMEZ ◽  
FATEMEH NAZARI
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Endopodal Segment ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Exopodal Segment ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One

A new genus, Arktourella gen. nov., is proposed to accommodate a new member of the harpacticoid family Normanellidae, A. margarethae gen. et sp. nov., from a polluted estuary in north-western Mexico. The new genus was attributed to the laophontoidean family Normanellidae on account of the lack of outer spinous processes on the second antennulary segment, one abexopodal seta on the antennary allobasis, four setae on the one-segmented antennary exopod, endopod of first swimming leg two-segmented with first segment elongated and with two distal elements on second segment, endopods of second to fourth legs two-segmented, distal setae on the male second endopodal segment of second and third legs reduced, and outer spine of the male second endopodal segment of third leg fused to segment. The new, so far monotypic genus, differs from the other normanellid genera in the presence of four elements on the third exopodal segment of the first leg, and two outer spines on the third exopodal segment of second to fourth legs. No synapomorphies were observed for Arktourella gen. nov. and Normanella, but they are unique within the Normanellidae in that the mandibular basis and endopod are not fused. Maximum parsimony analysis and Bayesian inference using 59 morphological characters to assess the relationships between the genera of the family Normanellidae confirmed the affinity of Arktourella gen. nov. and Normanella, and their sister group relationship with Sagamiella. Paranaiara and Pseudocletodes were shown consistently to be closely related and are the sister taxa of Normanella-Arktourella gen. nov.-Sagamiella. Arktourella gen. nov., Paranaiara and Pseudocletodes share the presence of a large spinulose spine on the fifth and sixth segments of the female antennule, but its significance is not clear. Additionally, we propose a key to the genera of the Normanellidae.  

On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1792 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO HORMIGA ◽  
LIHONG TU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement

The spider genus Putaoa new genus (Araneae, Pimoidae) is described to place two species of pimoids from China, Putaoa huaping new species (the type species) and P. megacantha (Xu & Li, 2007) new combination. Parsimony analysis of morphological characters provides support for the monophyly of Putaoa and for its sister group relationship to the genus Weintrauboa Hormiga, 2003 and corroborates the monophyly of Pimoidae.

scholarly journals Restructuring the Ancorabolidae Sars (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) and Cletodidae T. Scott, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis regarding the relationships of the Laophontoidea T. Scott, Ancorabolidae and Cletodidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-498
Author(s):  
Kai Horst George
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Swimming Leg

Uncovering the systematics of CopepodaHarpacticoida, the second-most abundant component of the meiobenthos after Nematoda, is of major importance for any further research dedicated especially to ecological and biogeographical approaches. Based on the evolution of the podogennontan first swimming leg, a new phylogenetic concept of the Ancorabolidae Sars and Cletodidae T. Scott sensu Por (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) is presented, using morphological characteristics. It confirms the polyphyletic status of the Ancorabolidae and its subfamily Ancorabolinae Sars and the paraphyletic status of the subfamily Laophontodinae Lang. Moreover, it clarifies the phylogenetic relationships of the so far assigned members of the family. An exhaustive phylogenetic analysis was undertaken using 150 morphological characters, resulting in the establishment of a now well-justified monophylum Ancorabolidae. In that context, the Ancorabolus-lineage sensu Conroy-Dalton and Huys is elevated to sub-family rank. Furthermore, the membership of Ancorabolina George in a rearranged monophylum Laophontodinae is confirmed. Conversely, the Ceratonotus-group sensu Conroy-Dalton is transferred from the hitherto Ancorabolinae to the Cletodidae. Within these, the Ceratonotus-group and its hypothesised sister-group Cletodes Brady are combined to form a monophyletic subfamily Cletodinae T. Scott, subfam. nov. Consequently, it was necessary to restructure the Ancorabolidae, Ancorabolinae and Laophontodinae and extend the Cletodidae to include the displacement and exclusion of certain taxa. Moreover, comparison of the Ancorabolidae, Cletodidae, Laophontoidea and other Podogennonta shows that the Ancorabolidae and Cletodidae form sister-groups in a monophylum Cletodoidea Bowman and Abele, which similarly has a sister-group-relationship with the Laophontoidea T. Scott. According to the present study, both taxa constitute a derived monophylum within the Podogennonta Lang.

scholarly journals A new species of Psammonitocrella Huys, 2009 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ameiridae) from California (USA), with a discussion of the relationship between Psammonitocrella and Parastenocarididae

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Costa Corgosinho ◽  
Terue Cristina Kihara ◽  
Pedro Martínez Arbizu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Exopodal Segment ◽  
Apical Seta ◽  
Outer Spine ◽  
The Third ◽  
Outer Seta ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
The Relationship

The freshwater harpacticoid Psammonitocrella kumeyaayisp. nov. from the Nearctic Region (California; USA) is proposed. The position of the genus within Harpacticoida and its relationship with the Parastenocarididae is discussed. The new species can be included within Psammonitocrella on account of a) the cylindrical furca, longer than the telson, b) the unmodified inner spine on the basis of the male first leg, c) loss of the outer spine on the second exopodal segment of the first leg, d) loss of the outer spine of the third exopodal segment of the second, third, and fourth legs, e) loss of the inner apical seta on the third exopodal segment of the second and third legs, f) transformation of the inner apical seta of the third exopodal segment of the fourth leg into a spine, and g) loss of the endopodite of the fourth leg. The new species differs remarkably from P. boultoni, and P. longifurcata in the loss of the outer spine of the second exopodal segment of the fourth leg, in the presence of a one-segmented fifth leg exopodite, and in the presence of an outer seta on the basis of the first and second legs. Both Psammonitocrella and the known species of Parastenocarididae have a one-segmented endopod on the fourth leg, and the endopods of the second and third legs are reduced to one or two segments. Psammonitocrella is currently allocated into the Ameiridae, and evidence suggesting a sister-group relationship with Parastenocarididae—both share the loss of the inner seta on the first endopodal segment of the first leg—indicates that the Parastenocarididae should be included into the Ameiridae. In an evolutionary context, Parastenocarididae could have evolved from a lineage of freshwater ameirids that became interstitial in continental waters and colonized aquifers and groundwaters.

A new early Cambrian bradoriid (Arthropoda) from East Antarctica

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alycia L. Rode ◽  
Bruce S. Lieberman ◽  
A. J. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of

Although bradoriids locally are common components of the Cambrian biota, they have been reported previously from Antarctica only from Tertiary glacial deposits. Here, we describe the bradoriid,Bicarinella evansinew genus and species, collected in situ from the upper Lower Cambrian (Botomian) of the Pensacola Mountains in East Antarctica.Bicarinella evansin. gen and sp. is characterized by a subtriangular carapace with a well-defined marginal rim, subequal anterior and posterior lobes that are elongated into sharp ridges extending one-third the length of the carapace, and a broad dorsal node placed between the anterior and posterior lobes. The surface of the carapace exhibits three kinds of ornamentation: fine pitting, pustules, and reticulae. Several smaller carapaces with reduced ornamentation collected from the same bed are interpreted as instars of this species.Bicarinellan. gen. is assigned to the family Hipponicharionidae and appears to be closely related toAlbrunnicolaMartinsson, 1979, orHipponicharionMatthew, 1886. Although strong archaeocyath faunal similarities demonstrate a close biogeographic relationship between Australia and Antarctica in the Early Cambrian, the possible sister group relationship ofBicarinellan. gen. toHipponicharion, which is otherwise unknown from Gondwana, may suggest a separate biogeographic pathway to East Antarctica that did not involve Australia.

scholarly journals A new genus and species of Nannopodidae (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Yellow Sea of South Korea

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 984 ◽  
pp. 23-47
Author(s):  
Jong Guk Kim ◽  
Jimin Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Exopodal Segment ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sandy Sediments

A new monospecific genus of the family Nannopodidae Brady, 1880 is proposed, based on specimens of both sexes of Concilicoxa hispidagen. et sp. nov. collected from subtidal sandy sediments in the Yellow Sea of South Korea. The presence of a coxal outer projection on the first to fourth legs and reduction of both rami of the second to fourth legs in this new genus show a clear relationship with a clade, which is characterised by the modified thoracopods for burrowing ability, comprising Huntemannia Poppe, 1884, Rosacletodes Wells, 1985, Laophontisochra George, 2002, Acuticoxa Huys & Kihara, 2010 and Talpacoxa Corgosinho, 2012 in Nannopodidae. Within this clade, C. hispidagen. et sp. nov. is most closely related to L. maryamae George, 2002 in having the prehensile endopod in the first leg, broad intercoxal sclerite on the second to fourth legs and the female fifth leg being composed of separate exopod and baseoendopod, but is distinguished by the absence of mandibular exopod, two-segmented mandibular endopod, presence of four setae on the distal exopodal segment of the first leg, and fusion of the intercoxal sclerite to the coxae in the third and fourth legs. These four features are considered as autapomorphies of the new genus. The possible relationship amongst members of the nannopodid clade is further discussed. Additionally, some comments on the taxonomic position of L. terueae Björnberg, 2014 are given, resulting in the transfer of the species to Acuticoxa as A. terueaecomb. nov.

Kotumsaridae, a new family of subterranean amphipod crustaceans from India, with description of Kotumsaria bastarensis, new genus, new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1589 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMED MESSOULI ◽  
JOHN R. HOLSINGER ◽  
Y. RANGA REDDY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities

Kotumsaridae, a new family of amphipod crustaceans is described from Kotumsar Cave in the state of Chhattisgarh, India. The family is based on Kotumsaria bastarensis, new genus and species, which is the only known member of the new family recorded to date. Although the new family appears to share some morphological characters with several other taxa from the southern hemisphere considered members of the superfamily Crangonyctoidea, including the New Zealand endemic genus Paracrangonyx, both its taxonomic and phylogenetic affinities remain unclear. Specimens of the new taxon, measuring just over 2 mm in length, were collected from the sediments of a pool in Kotumsar Cave but are believed to have migrated from deeper interstices. Kotumsaria bastarensis is only the third subterranean amphipod recorded to date from the Indian subcontinent.

A new species of the southern Central American genus Linoderus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) with a revised key and an updated phylogeny

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5060 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
MARIANA RAQUEL CHANI-POSSE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Central American ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
A New Species

Linoderus smetanai sp. nov. is described from Costa Rica. This is the third species in the southern Central American genus Linoderus of the subtribe Philonthina (tribe Staphylinini). The new species was included in a previous dataset of 52 morphological characters scored for the genus and representatives of its allied genera (Neopescolinus Chani-Posse, Paederomimus Sharp, Pescolinus Sharp) and its phylogenetic position analysed by Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference. The analyses unambiguously placed L. smetanai within Linoderus in a sister-group relationship with L. alajuelensis Chani-Posse & Solodovnikov and L. gracilipes Sharp. A revised key to species and an updated phylogeny of Linoderus are also provided.  

Phylogeny and systematics of the endoparasitic astigmatid mites (Acari: Sarcoptiformes) of mammals: families Gastronyssidae, Lemurnyssidae, and Pneumocoptidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1951 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRE V. BOCHKOV ◽  
SVETLANA ZABLUDOVSKAYA ◽  
BARRY M. OCONNOR
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
New Hypothesis

We reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of the mammal-associated endoparasitic mites belonging to 3 families, Gastronyssidae (42 species in 9 genera), Lemurnyssidae (4 species in 2 genera), and the monogeneric Pneumocoptidae (4 species) on the basis of maximum parsimony analysis of 120 morphological characters. In the strict consensus tree (all characters unordered and unweighted, Branch and Bound search option), these 3 families form a monophlyletic group with the first dichotomy between Pneumocoptidae-Lemurnyssidae and Gastronyssidae. The node joining these families is mainly supported by setal reductions. Such regressive characters alone provide relatively weak evidence for the monophyly of the group due to a greater probability of their homoplastic origin. On the other hand, the monophyly of each family is well supported by several progressive character changes. The family Gastronyssidae splits into 2 clusters. The first cluster represents the subfamily Yunkeracarinae and the second includes the subfamilies Gastronyssinae and Rodhoinyssinae. With respect to current classifications, there are 2 unexpected results in the tree: the position of the genus Gastronyssus Fain, 1955 (Gastronyssinae) within the core of the subfamily Rodhainyssinae and the polyphyly of the genus Opsonyssus Fain, 1959. The surprising placement of the genus Gastronyssus has the following explanation. In our data matrix, all distinctive derived character states characterizing this genus appear as autapomorphies and, therefore, do not affect the tree pattern. At the same time, these mites, being stomach parasites, exhibit the greatest degree of morphological reduction, including setae. Most of the character states shared with rodhainyssines are setal reductions and are of lesser reliability. The strict consensus of 14 trees obtained after successive weighting differs from the previous consensus tree mostly by the position of the genus Gastronyssus, which is the sister group to the all other rodhainyssine genera, excluding Phyllostomonyssus Fain, 1970. The genus Opsonyssus remained polyphyletic. We consider the 2 clusters observable in this tree as the subfamilies Yunkeracarinae (the genera Yunkeracarus Fain, 1957 and Sciuracarus Fain, 1964) and Gastronyssinae, respectively. The latter subfamily is divided onto 3 monophyletic lineages, which we rank as tribes: two monobasic tribes, Gastronyssini and Phyllostomonyssini tr. nov., and the tribe Rodhainyssini stat. nov., including the remaining genera, Eidolonyssus Fain, 1967, Mycteronyssus Fain, 1959, Opsonyssus, Rodhainyssus Fain, 1956, and the clade O. striatus Fain, 1967-O. phyllorhina Fain, 1959. A new genus Pseudoopsonyssus gen. nov. with species P. phyllorina (Fain, 1959) comb. nov. (type species), P. striatus (Fain, 1967) comb. nov., and P. zumpti (Fain, 1959) comb. nov. is established for this clade. The host-parasite associations of these endoparasitic mites are discussed, and a new hypothesis suggesting their secondary switching from the common ancestor of bats to myomorph rodents is proposed. Detailed taxonomic revisions of all 3 families based on examination of type materials are provided. Fifteen new species in 6 genera are described: Gastronyssus philippinensisBochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Rodhainyssus saccopteryx Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Opsonyssus pseudoindicus Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., O. pteropodi Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., O. klompeni Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., O. macroglossus Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Mycteronyssus haplonycteri Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Eidolonyssus myersi Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Yunkeracarus apomys Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Y. rattus Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Y. limnomys Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Y. lophuromys Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Y. otomys Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., Y. hylomyscus Bochkov et OConnor sp. nov., and Y. alticola Zabludovskaya sp. nov.

A new and primitive genus and species of Hydrometridae (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha) with a cladistic analysis of relationships within the family

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Møller Andersen
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Continental Drift ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
The Family ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
The Common

AbstractVeliometra sehuhi n.gen., n.sp. is described from Amazonas, Brazil. It has many ptesiomorphic characters and a strong phenetic affinity with the Macroveliidae. The common occurrence of a number of apomorphic characters in the new genus and the genera of Hydrometridae makes Veliometra n.gen. a member of the hydrometrid lineage. The cladistic relationships of the genera of Hydrometridae are analysed and the division of the family into three subfamilies is supported. The proposed sister group relationship between Veliometra n.gen. from Brazil and Heterocleptes from West and Central Africa is taken as evidence of vicariance biogeography in response to continental drift. A classification and a key to subfamilies and genera of Hydrometridae are included.

The systematic position of Diopsina Curran, 1928 (Diptera: Diopsidae) inferred from DNA sequence data

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Carr ◽  
Michael Balke ◽  
Marion Kotrba
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe placement of Diopsina in a monophyletic clade with Diopsis and Eurydiopsis is confirmed and a sister group relationship between Diopsina and Diopsis recovered with moderate support. The clarification of the phylogenetic position of Diopsina nested deeply within Diopsini is of crucial importance for the understanding of the relationships and the evolution of various morphological characters within the family.

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