Description of the male, nest architecture and biology notes of Zethus plaumanni Bohart & Stange, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in southern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5060 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-574
Author(s):  
ROGÉRIO B. LOPES ◽  
FRANCIELE BROZOSKI ◽  
MARIA LUISA T. BUSCHINI
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Nest Architecture ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Nest Structure ◽  
Female Type ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Adult Phase ◽  
Cavity Users

Although diverse and widespread, there is much to improve on the knowledge of Zethus Fabricius, 1804 wasps. This includes aspects of many areas, such as data on taxonomy, behavior and biology. In the present study, we investigated Zethus plaumanni Bohart & Stange, 1965, a species hitherto known only from the female type in the literature, and worked to fill gaps on the knowledge of this species by describing the male and its genitalia, the nest structure and giving notes on the biology of individuals collected in trap-nests in southern Brazil. The male is diagnosable by characters also used for female identification. The nest follows the pattern of typical pre-existing cavity users, with a remarkable multi-layered nest plug. Sex ratio follows the 1:1 rule and sampling indicates diapause in the adult phase.  

scholarly journals Nests of Eufriesea aff. auriceps (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) in remnants of Atlantic Forest and reforested areas

Sociobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luis Gobatto ◽  
Amanda Guimarães Franciscon ◽  
Natalia Uemura ◽  
Susanna Mendes Miranda ◽  
Giovanna Gabriely Cesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Nest Architecture ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Internal Contour ◽  
Orchid Bee ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Trap Nest

In recent decades, the use of the trap-nest technique has helped to increase knowledge on the nest architecture of many orchid bee species. This study describes the nest architecture of Eufriesea aff. auriceps constructed in trap-nests made of dried bamboo internodes (canes). The nests were placed in remnants of Atlantic forest and in reforested areas next to forest remnants and monitored monthly from August 2015 to August 2016 and from August 2018 to August 2019 in southern Brazil. The bamboo internodes occupied by bees varied in internal diameter from 1.0cm to 2.0 cm (`X = 1.7; SD = 0.3; N = 12) and in length from 11.0 cm to 28.0 cm (`X = 19.5; SD = 4.8; N = 12). The total size of the nests inside the bamboo internodes ranged from 9.0 cm to 19.9 cm (`X = 14.3; SD= 3.9; N = 12). The number of brood cells constructed per nest varied from 1 to 10 (`X = 4.0; SD = 2.3; N = 15). The cells were built with small pieces of bark cemented with resin, linearly arranged along the bamboo tube. Internally, the cell wall was lined with resin. The cells measured 1.5-3.0 cm (`X = 2.3 ± 0.5; N = 48) in length and 1.4-1.7 (`X = 1.5 ± 0.1; N = 17) cm in width. The internal contour of the cells was elliptical. Females of Eufriesea aff. auriceps occupied trap-nests in both the forest remnants and in areas undergoing restoration.

scholarly journals Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith in southern Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini)

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. T. Buschini ◽  
L. L. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Nesting Biology ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Nesting Activity

A total of 67 nests of Centris tarsata were obtained from wood trap-nests of different diameters, consisting of a linear series of brood cells built with sand mixed with oil. This species showed a preference for open habitats, since it occurred only in Swamp and Grassland areas and has never been found in the Araucaria forest. Nesting activity was bigger during the hot season, especially in December and January. The Sex ratio was of 1.48:1 (females/males), significantly different from 1:1. The females were larger than the males and these showed no dimorphism. Males were produced in the outermost cells and females in the innermost cells. C. tarsata presented a direct development without diapause in larval stage. They overwinter as adults. Development time was similar for males and females. Natural enemies are Bombyliidae Mesocheira bicolor, Coelioxys sp. and Meloidae.

scholarly journals Sex ratio and parental investment in Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) agamemnon Richards (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
MLT Buschini ◽  
ACB Bergamaschi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Ratio Data ◽  
Local Mate

The life history and sex ratio data of the solitary wasp Trypoxylon agamemnon nesting in trap-nests in southern Brazil was recorded from January 2002 to December 2007. Its sex ratio is strongly female-biased, being bivoltine or multivoltine with until three generations per year. It has two alternative life histories (diapause and direct development) and overlapping generations. In addition to the conflict of interest between the sexes, it is possible that local mate competition occurs between males and may cause a greater investment in the production of females.

scholarly journals Notes on the biology of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) opacum Brèthes (Hymenoptera; Crabronidae) in Southern Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. T. Buschini ◽  
L. L. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Linear Series ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
The Family ◽  
Final Closure

The present study investigated the abundance, seasonality and various life-history traits of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) opacum. Using trap-nests, 320 nests of T. opacum were collected in the Parque Municipal das Araucárias in Southern Brazil (25° 23' 36" S and 51° 27' 19" W) over a 3 year period. Nesting was more frequent during the warm season. Nests consisted of a linear series of 1 to 8 brood cells separated by mud partitions, usually followed by an empty vestibular cell and final-closure mud plug. Brood cells were most commonly provisioned with spiders of the family Araneidae. Sex-ratio was strongly female biased, 3.4:1 females:males. Natural enemies attacking nests T. opacum included chrysidids, ichneumonids, sarcophagids, bombyliids and ants.

scholarly journals Nesting, Sex Ratio and Natural Enemies of the Giant Resin Bee in Relation to Native Species in Europe

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Sara Straffon Díaz ◽  
Luca Carisio ◽  
Aulo Manino ◽  
Paolo Biella ◽  
Marco Porporato
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Set Up ◽  
North Western

Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853) is the first exotic bee species in Europe. Its remarkably fast expansion across this continent is leading to a growing concern on the extent of negative impacts to the native fauna. To evaluate the interactions of exotic bees with local wild bees, we set up trap nests for above-ground nesting bees on a semi-urban area of north-western Italy. We aimed to investigate the interaction in artificial traps between the exotic and native wild bees and to assess offspring traits accounting for exotic bee fitness: progeny sex ratio and incidence of natural enemies. We found that the tunnels occupied by exotic bees were already cohabited by O. cornuta, and thus the cells of later nesting alien bees may block the native bee emergence for the next year. The progeny sex ratio of M. sculpturalis was strongly unbalanced toward males, indicating a temporary adverse population trend in the local invaded area. In addition, we documented the presence of three native natural enemies affecting the brood of the exotic bee. Our results bring out new insights on how the M. sculpturalis indirectly competes with native species and on its performance in new locations.

scholarly journals Nest architecture of the stingless bee Geotrigona subterranea (Friese,1901) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Mendes Barbosa ◽  
Rogério Marcos de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Bruno de Almeida Souza ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Lopes de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Nest Architecture ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Nest Structure ◽  
Transition Area

We located ten nests of Geotrigona subterranea in the transition area between Cerrado and Caatinga within the municipalities of Lontra and Januária, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. We collected the nests to study their architecture in detail. In the present paper, we describe the general nest structure of this bee species in terms of: number, shape and area of the combs; size of the brood cells; size of honey and pollen pots; volume of honey and mass of pollen stored in closed pots; presence of inquiline species; and defensive characteristics. All nests were found in subterranean cavities. The nest structure of G. subterranea is similar to that of other congeneric species.

scholarly journals Nesting Biology of Podium angustifrons Kohl (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) in an Araucaria Forest Fragment

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
MLT. Buschini ◽  
CE. Buss
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Nesting Biology ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
French Guyana ◽  
Coated Surfaces

Podium angustifrons Kohl 1902 is a species of solitary wasp which nests in pre-existing cavities, with neotropical distribution in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana and French Guyana. The aim of this study was to investigate the nesting biology of P. angustifrons, discussing aspects of their life history. To capture its nests, wooden trap-nests were installed in the Parque Municipal das Araucárias, Guarapuava (PR), Brazil, from January 2003 to April 2009. A total of 29 nests were collected, all during the warmer months. These showed no vestibular and intercalary cells, and their closures were made up of chewed plants and mud mixed with organic materials and resin-coated surfaces, sometimes showing a layer of lichens. The cells were provisioned with various wild species of cockroaches (Chorisoneura sp, Riata sp and Helgaia sp) in the nymph stage and/or adults. The sex ratio was 4.6 females per male, significantly higher that the expected 1:1. Most pre-pupae entered diapause in winter with development time ranging from 187 to 283 days for females and 180 to 283 days for males. Deaths occurred in 41.66% of cells provisioned, 33.33% were attributed to faulty development and 8.33% to Chrysididae.

scholarly journals Biologic aspects of different species of Pachodynerus (Hymenoptera; Vespidae; Eumeninae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
MLT. Buschini ◽  
CE. Buss
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Linear Series ◽  
Nest Architecture ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Nesting Activity

The aim of this study was to compare biological aspects of the Pachodynerus species occurring in the Parque Municipal das Araucárias, Guarapuava, Paraná, Southern Brazil. It was carried from December 2001 to December 2004. Forty one nests belonging to 5 species were collected, of which 17 Pachodynerus guadulpensis, 15 Pachodynerus sp., 1 Pachodynerus argentinus, 1 Pachodynerus ca guadulpensis and 7 Pachodynerus nasidens. The nesting activity of Pachodynerus sp., P. argentinus and P. guadulpensis occurred in similar periods, from December to March, with the exception of P.guadulpensis, that built one nest in October. Pachodynerus ca guadulpensis nested in March and P. nasidens from January to April. The nests of Pachodynerus species present a very similar architecture, comprising a linear series of cylindrical cells that fit perfectly into each other forming a continuous tube. With these results we were able to conclude that, even though Pachodynerus species present common characteristics, such as nest architecture, nesting activities and habitats in which they occur, the used resources, mortality rates, etc., vary among groups of species occurring in different regions.

scholarly journals Patterns of prey selection of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse Saussure (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) in southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
MLT. Buschini ◽  
NA. Borba ◽  
AD. Brescovit
Keyword(s):  
Prey Selection ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Trap Nests ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Selection Of

This study was carried out in the Parque Municipal das Araucárias, in the municipality of Guarapuava, southern Brazil. A total of 449 T. lactitarse nests were collected using trap-nests of different diameters. Fifty three species of spiders belonging to 7 families were captured by T. lactitarse. Araneidae was the most captured family and has been strongly represented by the genus Eustala. Through Bray-Curtis's coefficient and the unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA), the spiders species can be divided into 3 groups: the smaller group includes the most abundant species (Eustala sp1, Eustala sp2, Acacesia villalobosi, Alpaida sp1 and Araneus corporosus), the second group includes species with intermediate abundance (Wagneriana iguape, Araneus omnicolor, Eustala sp4, Alpaida grayi, Eustala sp3, Larinia t-notata, Mangora sp1 and Wagneriana iguape), and the third and largest group includes the least abundant species (Aysha gr. brevimana 1, Eustala sp5, Wagneriana eupalaestra, Alpaida scriba, Alpaida veniliae, Araneus aff. omnicolor, Araneus sicki, Eustala sp8, Mangora sp2, Mangora sp3, Wagneriana juquia, Alpaida sp2, Araneus blumenau, Eustala sp6, Eustala sp7 and Ocrepeira galianoae). Of 2,029 identified spiders, 1,171 were captured in the Araucaria forest, 612 in grassland areas and 246 in the swamp. Grassland and swamp areas evidenced greater similarity between them than to the Araucaria Forest, regarding presence-absence of spider species in T. lactitarse's diet, as well as regarding species abundance in these habitats. The juvenile number (56%) was significantly higher than the female (38%) and male (6%) percentages.

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