Continuous Process Design Model Simulation for the Anaerobic Digestion of Vegetable Oil Wastewater

The process simulation performed in the present study aimed at investigating energetically self-sufficient wastewater treatment plant of 500,000 population equivalents. To implement this, three different scenarios were evaluated using computational tools named GPS-X® and SuperPro®. They were designed based on municipal wastes recovery to energy generation and its utilisation within the facility. An anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process for biological treatment of wastewater was considered and mesophilic anaerobic digestion at different scenarios (1) primary sludge (PS) with waste activated sludge (WAS), (2) PS with thermally hydrolysed WAS, and (3) PS with WAS and organic fractions derived from municipal solid waste. The results from scenario 1 and scenario 2 showed only enough thermal energy to meet their demand (they reach only 44 and 52% of electrical self-sufficiency, respectively), while positive net thermal and electrical energy result in scenario 3 from codigestion of sewage sludge and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The main limitation of tools used is their lack of sensitivity to economies of scale and their dependence on real data used for process design to obtain more accurate results.

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Model Driven Process Design and Development for a Continuous Process

Organic Process Research & Development ◽

10.1021/op500016n ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 1391-1399 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sze-Wing Wong ◽

K. Derek Berglund ◽

Shekhar K. Viswanath

Keyword(s):

Process Design ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Design And Development ◽

Model Driven

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A behavioural process design model for development of assembly devices

International Journal of Product Development ◽

10.1504/ijpd.2013.058451 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 445 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yi Min Deng ◽

Yongsheng Ma ◽

Liang Shi

Keyword(s):

Process Design ◽

Design Model

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Application of Semi Automatic Model of Product Complexity Index Calculation by Identification and Recognition of Geometric Features Information

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.576 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 493 ◽

pp. 576-582

Author(s):

Hendri D.S. Budiono ◽

Mochammad Sholeh ◽

Gandjar Kiswanto ◽

Tresna P. Soemardi

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Process Design ◽

Mechanical Design ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Machining Process ◽

Product Complexity ◽

Machining Processes ◽

Industrial Facilities ◽

Car Sales ◽

The Government

It is a phenomenon that an experience mechanical/ design engineer with years of experience in mechanical parts design, still must to improve the knowledge about process design. This phenomenon will be different with other fields but common in process design because design is continuous process. The automotive industry is expected to be one of the driving factors for economic growth in Indonesia in 2025. It is shown by research firm (Frost & Sullivan) that estimates this year's car sales in Indonesia will rise moderately by 6.5% from a year earlier to 948,500 units and the real car sales in Indonesia rose to 43% in April 2012. Development should be increased because the government provides to industrial facilities that conduct research, development and innovation. Therefore the design process until production is expected to be rapid and immediate product can be enjoyed by society. To speed up the production process, the design process should be faster, and account how the next process that is the production. This research useds the form of the usual features carried with three machining processes are widely used in the world of mechanical component industries. The processes are turning (around 24.9% of machining process), milling (around 20.2% of machining process) and drilling (around 28.2% of machining process). The overall mean of the three processes around 73.3% of the portion of the machining process (survey conducted by PERA).

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Anaerobic digestion of total raw olive-oil wastewater in a two-stage pilot-plant (up-flow and fixed-bed bioreactors)

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/s0960-8524(96)00051-x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 237-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

D. Dalis ◽

K. Anagnostidis ◽

A. Lopez ◽

I. Letsiou ◽

L. Hartmann

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Pilot Plant ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Two Stage ◽

Oil Wastewater ◽

Olive Oil Wastewater

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Multivariate Control and Override of a Two-Step Homogeneous Base-Catalyzed Transesterification Process

Volume 2: Economic, Environmental, and Policy Aspects of Alternate Energy; Fuels and Infrastructure, Biofuels and Energy Storage; High Performance Buildings; Solar Buildings, Including Solar Climate Control/Heating/Cooling; Sustainable Cities and Communities, Including Transportation; Thermofluid Analysis of Energy Systems, Including Exergy and Thermoeconomics ◽

10.1115/es2014-6694 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Horacio Pinzón Coronado ◽

Andrea Escobar Porto ◽

Marco E. Sanjuan

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Control Strategy ◽

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Batch Processing ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Production Plant ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Multivariate Control

The most common technology used in biodiesel production is the transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats. Transesterification (also called alcoholysis) is the reaction of fat oil with an alcohol to form esters and glycerol, in presence of catalyst to improve the reaction rate and yield. Although process industry has established long ago that continuous processes are more cost-effective than batch processing, there is still a substantial number of batch processing biodiesel plants in the world. One of the challenges in switching to a continuous process is the simultaneous control requirement of throughput (flow), temperature, and biodiesel concentration. In the present work, a two-step homogeneous base-catalyzed transesterification process for a continuous biodiesel production plant is studied. The most relevant variables are: reaction temperature, ratio of alcohol to vegetable oil, amount of catalyst, mixing intensity (RPM), catalyst and vegetable oil used. The objective was to design a control strategy incorporating three key loops, overrides, and decoupling based on multivariate control analysis. The designed control strategy is described and simulation-based performance test results are shown.

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