Investigation of In-Situ and Ex-Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis Upgrading of Pine Using Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis and a Fixed-Bed Reactor System

Conductive polyaniline/zirconia (PANI/ZrO2) composites have been synthesized by in-situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of ZrO2 nanoparticles. The structure and morph- ology of composites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermo- gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The conductivity was also investigated. The results showed that PANI and ZrO2 nanoparticles were not simply blended, and a strong interaction existed at the interface of ZrO2 and PANI. It was probably a composite at molecular level. The composites were more thermal stability than that of the pure PANI. XRD analyses confirmed PANI deposited on the surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles had no effect on crystallization performance of ZrO2 nanoparticles. Electrical conductivity measurements indicated that the conductivity of PANI/ZrO2 composites was much higher than that of PANI and the maximum conductivity obtained was 11.27S/cm at 15 wt% of ZrO2 nanoparticles.

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Application of Micro-Structure Testing in the Analysis of the Cause of Concrete Cracks

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.629-630.121 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 629-630 ◽

pp. 121-129

Author(s):

Chen Chun ◽

Ya Mei Zhang ◽

Rui Xing Wang ◽

Jie Yang

Keyword(s):

Material Science ◽

Traditional Method ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽

New Method ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Micro Structure ◽

Thermo Gravimetric ◽

Concrete Material ◽

X Ray

Scanning electron microscope, differential thermal analysis, thermo-gravimetric analysis, fluorescent analysis and X-ray CT et.al. have become usual means used in the research of concrete material science. This paper proposed a new method to evaluate the causes of cracking of in-situ concrete based on the investigation by using these comprehensive technologies for analysis of micro-structure. The proposed new method is more reliable and objective than the traditional method which is mainly based on experience and chemical analysis. A case investigation using the new method to explore the causes of cracking in a real project was introduced.

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Effect of H-ZSM-5 and Al-MCM-41 Proportions in Catalyst Mixtures on the Composition of Bio-Oil in Ex-Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Lignocellulose Biomass

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10080868 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 868 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Devy Kartika Ratnasari ◽

Anton Bijl ◽

Weihong Yang ◽

Pär Göran Jönsson

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Ex Situ ◽

High Heating Value ◽

A Value ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Lignocellulose Biomass ◽

Mcm 41

The present work is an attempt to optimize the proportion of H-ZSM-5 and Al-MCM-41 in the catalyst mixtures for lignocellulose biomass catalytic pyrolysis. The H-ZSM-5 proportions of 50.0, 66.7, 75.0, and 87.5 wt.% were examined for the upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors in the fixed bed reactor. The catalyst mixture of 87.5 wt.% H-ZSM-5 and 12.5 wt.% Al-MCM-41 was found most effective in this study, giving a 65.75% deoxygenation degree. An organic-rich bio-oil was obtained with 74.90 wt.% of carbon content, 8 wt.% of hydrogen content, 15 wt.% oxygen content, a 0.39 wt.% water content, and a high heating value of 34.15 MJ/kg. The highest amount of desirable compounds among the studied catalytic experiments, which include hydrocarbons, phenols, furans, and alcohols, was obtained with a value of 95.89%. A significant improvement in the quality of bio-oil with the utilization of H-ZSM-5 and Al-MCM-41 catalyst mixtures was the rise of desirable compounds in bio-oil.

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Comparison of in-situ and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis in a micro-reactor system

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.097 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 173 ◽

pp. 124-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

Kaige Wang ◽

Patrick A. Johnston ◽

Robert C. Brown

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽

Reactor System ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Micro Reactor

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In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02165 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 2144-2157 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Kristiina Iisa ◽

Richard J. French ◽

Kellene A. Orton ◽

Matthew M. Yung ◽

David K. Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Reactor System ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Bench Scale

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Effect of Ceria Addition to Na2O-ZrO2 Catalytic Mixtures on Lignin Waste Ex-Situ Pyrolysis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26040827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 827

Author(s):

Adam Yeardley ◽

Giuseppe Bagnato ◽

Aimaro Sanna

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Mixed Metal Oxide ◽

Pyrolysis Products ◽

Potential Source ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Remarkable Reduction

Waste lignin is a potential source of renewable fuels and other chemical precursors under catalytic pyrolysis. For this purpose, four mixed metal oxide catalytic mixtures (Cat) derived from Na2CO3, CeO2 and ZrO2 were synthesised in varying compositions and utilised in a fixed bed reactor for catalytic vapour upgrading of Etek lignin pyrolysis products at 600 °C. The catalytic mixtures were analysed and characterised using XRD analysis, whilst pyrolysis products were analysed for distribution of products using FTIR, GC-MS and EA. Substantial phenolic content (20 wt%) was obtained when using equimolar catalytic mixture A (Cat_A), however the majority of these phenols were guaiacol derivatives, suggesting the catalytic mixture employed did not favour deep demethoxylation. Despite this, addition of 40–50% ceria to NaZrO2 resulted in a remarkable reduction of coke to 4 wt%, compared to ~9 wt% of NaZrO2. CeO2 content higher than 50% favoured the increase in conversion of the holo-cellulose fraction, enriching the bio-oil in aldehydes, ketones and cyclopentanones. Of the catalytic mixtures studied, equimolar metal oxides content (Cat_A) appears to showcase the optimal characteristics for phenolics production and coking reduction.

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Coordination Compounds of Some 3d-Transition Metal Ions with N1-[4-(4-bromo-phenylsulfonyl)-benzoyl]-N4-(4-methoxyphenyl)- thiosemicarbazide

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.08.7.1882 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 59 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Madalina Angelusiu ◽

Maria Negoiu ◽

Stefania-Felicia Barbuceanu ◽

Tudor Rosu

Keyword(s):

Coordination Compounds ◽

Magnetic Moments ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Electronic Spectroscopy ◽

Transition Metal Ions ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Thermo Gravimetric ◽

New Compounds

The paper presents the synthesis and characterization of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II) complexes with N1-[4-(4-bromo-phenylsulfonyl)-benzoyl]-N4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-thiosemicarbazide. The new compounds were characterized by IR, EPR, electronic spectroscopy, magnetic moments, thermo-gravimetric analysis and elemental analysis.

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