Catalytic Effect of Inherently-Water-Soluble Sodium on Zhundong Coal Gasification

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1026
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Heng-Tao Zhou ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Pei-Jun Rao ◽  
Huan-Guang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gasification Reactivity ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Gasification Reaction ◽  
Chemisorption Capacity

Coal loaded with inherently-water-soluble sodium was prepared with dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 to investigate the effects of inherently-water-soluble sodium on temperature-programmed isothermal gasification. The results were compared with Na2CO3-loaded coal using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and the results showed that sodium had a catalytic effect on gasification, and water-soluble sodium had a stronger catalytic ability than Na2CO3. The isothermal gasification reaction of inherently-water-soluble-sodium-loaded coal was complete in 4.68 min, whereas that of Na2CO3-loaded coal was complete in 5.39 min. Chemisorption of CO2 to chars was investigated by TGA at 300 C, which showed that the order of CO2 chemisorption capacity was similar to that of the catalytic abilities during gasification. Therefore, the CO2 chemisorption capacity accurately reflects differences in the gasification reactivity. Moreover, the distribution of sodium in coal and char structures were investigated by multiple techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). EDS-mapping images of Na-loaded coal indicated that inherently-water-soluble sodium mainly adhered to coal particles. This finding shows that coal graphitization was strongly inhibited by inherently-water-soluble sodium, which further strengthened the chemisorption of CO2 to char and the reactivity of char during gasification.

scholarly journals Development of new technology for coal gasification purification and research on the formation mechanism of pollutants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zheng ◽  
Yixiang Shi ◽  
Zhiqi Wang ◽  
Pengjie Wang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Gasification Reaction

Abstract Coal-fired power generation is the main source of CO2 emission in China. To solve the problems of declined efficiency and increased costs caused by CO2 capture in coal-fired power systems, an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) power generation technology was developed. The interaction mechanisms among coal gasification and purification, fuel cell and other components are further studied for IGFCs. Towards the direction of coal gasification and purification, we studied gasification reaction characteristics of ultrafine coal particles, ash melting characteristics and their effects on coal gasification reactions, the formation mechanism of pollutants. We further develop an elevated temperature/pressure swing adsorption rig for simultaneous H2S and CO2 removals. The results show the validity of the Miura-Maki model to describe the gasification of Shenhua bituminous coal with a good fit between the predicted DTG curves and experimental data. The designed 8-6-1 cycle procedure can effectively remove CO2 and H2S simultaneously with removal rate over 99.9%. In addition, transition metal oxides used as mercury removal adsorbents in coal gasified syngas were shown with great potential. The techniques presented in this paper can improve the gasification efficiency and reduce the formation of pollutants in IGFCs.

Study of Effect of Ternary-Component Blended Coal on Coal Gasification Reaction at High Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 3104-3109
Author(s):  
Han Xu Li ◽  
Xiang Cao ◽  
Yong Xin Tang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Gasification Reactivity ◽  
Blended Coal ◽  
Gasification Reaction ◽  
Ternary Component

Three typical Chinese individual coals which existed remarkable difference on coal ash chemical composition and ash fusion temperature were selected to carry out coal blending experiments to study the coal gasification reaction at high temperature by means of using ternary-component blended coal technique and TGA-DTA method. According to ternary-component blended coal with a certain proportion, ash chemical composition and coal-char/CO2 gasification reactivity were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG), respectively. The results show that the ash chemical components change because ternary-component blended coals change the mineral composition, and hence, the gasification reactivity can be affected as well. Moreover, in accordance with reactivity index R, it indicates that the order of gasification reactivity of three individual coals and four blended coal options is coal x > option B > option A > option D > option C > coal z >coal y. Meanwhile, a new mathematical model called per unit ash alkali index B* was established by using the ash chemical component dates, which has a good corresponding relationship with R for four blending coal options. Utilizing ternary-component blended coal technique could improve the high-temperature coal ash gasification reaction.

Synthesis and radical polymerizations of acrylamides having Gabapentin moieties

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Akat ◽  
Mehmet Balcan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Degradation Pattern ◽  
Radical Polymerizations ◽  
Moderate Yield

Abstract The synthesis and radical polymerizations of several acrylamides having Gabapentin(GBP) moieties were examined. The monomers were prepared by the reactions of 1-aminomethyl-1-cyclohexane acetic acid salts with acryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine in moderate yields. Radical polymerizations of the monomers were carried out in the presence of AIBN (3 mol%) in Dimethyl formamide (DMF) with moderate yield. The thermal behavior of the polymers was investigated by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to determine the thermal degradation pattern and glass transition temperature (Tg). The resulting polymers showed a thermal stability up to 400 °C. The glass transition temperatures of the polymers were found not to depend on the substituents of the GBP moieties. Nearly the same TG’s were observed for polymers. We found the molecular weights of the polymers to be between 20700 and 2300 g/mol. We obtained poly(HFCHA) as a water-soluble polymer. Poly(MFCHA), poly(EFCHA) and poly(PFCHA) were soluble in common solvents.

scholarly journals Development of new technology for coal gasification purification and research on the formation mechanism of pollutants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zheng ◽  
Yixiang Shi ◽  
Zhiqi Wang ◽  
Pengjie Wang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Gasification Reaction

AbstractCoal-fired power generation is the main source of CO2 emission in China. To solve the problems of declined efficiency and increased costs caused by CO2 capture in coal-fired power systems, an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) power generation technology was developed. The interaction mechanisms among coal gasification and purification, fuel cell and other components were further studied for IGFCs. Towards the direction of coal gasification and purification, we studied gasification reaction characteristics of ultrafine coal particles, ash melting characteristics and their effects on coal gasification reactions, the formation mechanism of pollutants. We further develop an elevated temperature/pressure swing adsorption rig for simultaneous H2S and CO2 removals. The results show the validity of the Miura-Maki model to describe the gasification of Shenhua bituminous coal with a good fit between the predicted DTG curves and experimental data. The designed 8–6–1 cycle procedure can effectively remove CO2 and H2S simultaneously with removal rate over 99.9%. In addition, transition metal oxides used as mercury removal adsorbents in coal gasified syngas were shown with great potential. The techniques presented in this paper can improve the gasification efficiency and reduce the formation of pollutants in IGFCs.

scholarly journals Development of new technology for coal gasification purification and research on the formation mechanism of pollutants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zheng ◽  
Yixiang Shi ◽  
Zhiqi Wang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Huaichun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Gasification Reaction

Abstract Coal-fired power generation is the main source of CO2 emission in China. To solve the problem of efficiency decline and cost increase caused by CO2 capture of coal-fired power generation, Prof. Peng (Peng and Han 2009) proposed an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) power generation technology. The interaction mechanism of coal gasification purification, fuel cell and other components need to be further study in the IGFC. To develop new technology for coal gasification and purification, we studied gasification reaction characteristics of ultrafine coal particles, ash melting characteristics and effects on coal gasification reaction, the formation mechanism of pollutants and developed an elevated temperature pressure swing adsorption rig for H2S and CO2 simultaneous removal. The results show that the Miura-Maki model appropriate to perform gasification kinetics of Shenhua bituminous coal and the predicted DTG curves fit the experimental data well. The designed 8-6-1 cycle procedure can effectively remove CO2 and H2S simultaneously, and the removal rate is over 99.9%. In addition, the transition metal oxides used as mercury removal adsorbents in coal gasification syngas has great potential. The technique presented in this paper can improve the gasification efficiency and reduce the formation of pollutants for IGFC.

Surface modification of quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles with PEG-conjugated chitosan derivatives for biological applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lv ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Yapeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Polymeric Micelle ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chitosan Derivatives ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

AbstractIn this paper, amphiphilic chitosan derivatives (N-octyl-N-mPEG-chitosan, mPEG = poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether; OPEGC) were successfully synthesised via the Schiff base reduction reaction of chitosan and mPEG-aldehyde, or octanal, with chitosan acting as the backbone of the grafted copolymers, and mPEG-aldehyde providing the hydrophilic chain or octanal providing the hydrophobic alkyl chain. The synthesis was confirmed by characterisation employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H NMR. In the subsequent procedure, water-soluble quantum dots (QDs) and iron(II,III) oxide (IO) nanoparticles, widely used as nanoprobes in medical applications, were produced by the incorporation of QDs or IO inside the polymeric micelle core. Finally, the optical properties of QDs incorporated into OPEGC (OPEGC@QDs) were characterised by UV-VIS spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, cell viability was obtained through MTT, and the morphology of their assembly formed in water were observed by atomic force microscope (AFM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the QDs content of OPEGC@QDs was calculated following thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, the properties of IO incorporated into OPEGC (OPEGC@IO) were characterised by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), FT-IR, MTT, TGA, AFM, and TEM. The results indicated that the OPEGC composite nanoparticles with size narrowly distributed, good water solubility, and low cytotoxicity were prepared here, which represented a high quantum yield or good super-paramagnetism.

scholarly journals Development of new technology for coal gasification purification and research on the formation mechanism of pollutants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zheng ◽  
Yixiang Shi ◽  
Zhiqi Wang ◽  
Pengjie Wang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Gasification Reaction

Abstract Coal-fired power generation is the main source of CO 2 emission in China. To solve the problem of efficiency decline and cost increase caused by CO 2 capture of coal-fired power generation, Prof. Peng (Peng and Han 2009) proposed an integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) power generation technology. The interaction mechanism of coal gasification purification, fuel cell and other components need to be further study in the IGFC. To develop new technology for coal gasification and purification, we studied gasification reaction characteristics of ultrafine coal particles, ash melting characteristics and effects on coal gasification reaction, the formation mechanism of pollutants and developed an elevated temperature pressure swing adsorption rig for H 2 S and CO 2 simultaneous removal. The results show that the Miura-Maki model appropriate to perform gasification kinetics of Shenhua bituminous coal and the predicted DTG curves fit the experimental data well. The designed 8-6-1 cycle procedure can effectively remove CO 2 and H 2 S simultaneously, and the removal rate is over 99.9%. In addition, the transition metal oxides used as mercury removal adsorbents in coal gasification syngas has great potential. The technique presented in this paper can improve the gasification efficiency and reduce the formation of pollutants for IGFC.

Hydrogen Production from Rice Straw Gasification over Modified-Limestone Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
Mahmud Surahim ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap ◽  
Seenivasagam Sivasangar ◽  
Abdul Rahim Nur Faizal ◽  
Mohd Zobir Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Gasification Reaction ◽  
Partial Oxygen

Malaysian limestone modified with and additions of transition metal promoters (Ni, Fe, and Co) were used for gasification of biomass. The effects of selected metal oxide loading and the addition of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 as additive and its influence on limestone catalytic activity during gasification for hydrogen conversion were investigated. The catalysts were synthesized through deposition-precipitation (DP) method and characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Temperature programmed gasification (TPG) was conducted to investigated the gasification reaction of rice straw and the product gases were analysed using online mass spectrometer. The gasification process was carried out in partial oxygen (5% O2/Helium) environment heating from 50 to 900 °C with mass ratio biomass to catalyst of 2:1. From the results, Ni promoter was found to give the highest H2 conversion followed by Co and Fe. The calcined limestone had shown to act as a catalyst and CO2 sorbent thus enhancing the production of hydrogen. Moreover, additional of Na2CO3 during gasification process had shown a further increment of H2 production.

Enzymatic Synthesis and Characterization of an Water-Soluble Conducting Poly (1,4-Diaminobenzene-Acrylic Acid)

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Jia Yu Zeng ◽  
Wei Bo Zhang ◽  
Shi Qi Liao ◽  
Dong Xia Zhang ◽  
Yun Pu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

A polymerization between 1,4-diaminobenzene (PPD) and acrylic acid catalyzed by Horseradish Perodxidase (HRP) in an water buffer will be described in this article. The effects of the concentration of H2O2, the ratio of the acrylic acid to PPD, the pH of the buffer, and the reaction time of polymerization were investigated. Compared with conventional methods, the synthesis is simple and the conditions are mild. The conductivity, UV-vis spectra, FT-IR spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the resulting polymer were investigated also. The results show that the synthesized polymer (PAnI) is a self-doped poly(1,4-diaminobenzene-acrylic acid) with 1,4-disubstituted aromatic ring, and a higher electro-activity, water-solubility, its decomposition temperature is 498.8 °C.

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