Preparation of Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Local Hyperthermia for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can metastasize from the primary tumor area to the regional lymph nodes at an early stage. Considering that the current imaging detection is not reliable, a better treatment for squamous cell carcinoma is urgently needed. From the perspective of photothermal therapy (PTT), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was used as a carrier, and reverse drug-resistant RNA-adriamycin (ADR) and indocya-nine green (IND) were encapsulated in the carrier. The chemokine SDF-a was introduced and coupled with the drug carrier by carbodiimide method. Thus, the multifunctional polymer nanoparticles (SDF-a/IND/PNE/ADR-PLGA NPs) for targeting photoacoustic imaging and photothermal ablation of oral cancer cells were obtained. First, the size analysis and TEM characterization of the composite nanoparticles were carried out to evaluate the in vitro photogenic imaging and targeting properties of the multifunctional targeting nanoparticles. The antitumor effect of the model was analyzed by establishing the metastatic lymph node model of tongue cancer in rabbits. In the experiment, the particle size of the multifunctional nanoparticles was about 192.53 nm±47.96 nm. TEM characterization showed that IND and ADR were encapsulated in PLGA shell membrane; immunofluorescence labeling of CXCR4 on SCC-15 cells could be used as a target protein, and the binding of SDF-a/CXCR4 could promote the nanoparticles to enter the cells and increase the local range of nanoparticles. In animal models, through the injection of nanoparticle solution via multiple primary focus preparation, it was confirmed that the preparation of multifunctional nanoparticles and PTT under the guidance of photoacoustic imaging could achieve good therapeutic effect on OSCC.